See overrun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overrunner"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overrun the constable"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "over-",
"4": "run",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uber\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ofer-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"run\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"overrun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"overrun\">\nFrom over- + run.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\nFrom over- + run.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "overruns",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "overrunning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "overran",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "overrun",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "over-run",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~s",
"2": "~ning",
"3": "overran",
"4": "~"
},
"expansion": "overrun (third-person singular simple present overruns, present participle overrunning, simple past overran, past participle overrun)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
139,
146
]
],
"ref": "2000 April 26, Walter A. McDougall, “Who Were We in Vietnam?”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 27 May 2015, retrieved 03 Aug 2008:",
"text": "But news that the North Vietnamese had launched an invasion more akin to the blitzkrieg of Poland than to a Maoist \"people's war,\" and had overrun my old base camp 30 miles up Thunder Road from Saigon, turned my heart to lead.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers, seizing the enemy positions conclusively."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-HN7YUGlR",
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"invade",
"invade"
],
[
"number",
"number"
],
[
"seizing",
"seize"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"conclusively",
"conclusively"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers, seizing the enemy positions conclusively."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "83 2 2 2 2 1 4 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "onder de voet lopen"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 2 2 2 2 1 4 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "overstromen"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 2 2 2 2 1 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "überrennen"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 2 2 2 2 1 4 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "sobrepasar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The cathedral square was overrun with tourists.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
],
[
43,
50
]
],
"text": "The vine overran its trellis; the field is overrun with weeds.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"ref": "1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:",
"text": "those barbarous nations that over-ran the world",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
222,
229
]
],
"ref": "2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 07 May 2021:",
"text": "As President Obama turns his attention once again to filling out a cabinet and writing an Inaugural Address, this much is clear: he should not expect to bask in a surge of national unity, or to witness a crowd of millions overrun the Mall just to say they were there.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To infest, swarm over, flow over."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-H8MCMXTH",
"links": [
[
"infest",
"infest"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To infest, swarm over, flow over."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamořit"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaplavit"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatopit"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "onder de voet lopen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "overrompelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "zwermen over"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "overstromen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "befallen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "überschwemmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "überhäufen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "pokipoki"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "kōwaowao"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "infestar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "översvämma"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 63 5 5 5 4 7 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "istila etmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
19
]
],
"text": "The athlete overran the finish line and kept going.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
17
]
],
"text": "One line overruns another in length.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
48
]
],
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Samuel 18:23:",
"text": "Ahimaaz ran by the way of the plain, and overran Cushi.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
94,
101
]
],
"ref": "1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 138:",
"text": "The collision occurred when an up empty electric train travelling on the up main through line overran the inner home signal and rammed the side of the departing 6.14 p.m. Waterloo-Weymouth steam train, which was leaving platform 12 for the down main through line.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To run past; to run beyond."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-scWdSYPA",
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To run past; to run beyond."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "run over"
},
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
44
]
],
"text": "The aircraft didn't stop in time and overran the runway.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To run past; to run beyond.",
"To run past the end of."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-~GquepsI",
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"past",
"past"
],
[
"end",
"end"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To run past; to run beyond.",
"(transitive) To run past the end of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
23
]
],
"text": "The performance overran by ten minutes, which caused some people to miss their bus home.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To continue for too long."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-JCTnMe2J",
"links": [
[
"continue",
"continue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To continue for too long."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 4 4 6 40 14 11 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přetáhnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 4 6 40 14 11 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "protáhnout se"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 4 6 40 14 11 19",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"word": "te lang doorbijlopen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 4 6 40 14 11 19",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"word": "überziehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 4 6 40 14 11 19",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"word": "überschreiten"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 4 6 40 14 11 19",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pretiahnuť"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Printing",
"orig": "en:Printing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To carry (some type, a line or column, etc.) backward or forward into an adjacent line or page."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-QMZJCA7W",
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"carry",
"carry"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"column",
"column"
],
[
"backward",
"backward"
],
[
"forward",
"forward"
],
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"page",
"page"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(printing, transitive) To carry (some type, a line or column, etc.) backward or forward into an adjacent line or page."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 9 2 12 3 2 3 5 13 7 2 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 3 11 4 3 3 5 13 7 2 19 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 3 11 4 3 3 5 13 7 2 19 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 2 12 3 2 3 5 14 7 2 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 1 14 2 1 2 2 13 8 3 21 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 2 12 3 2 2 5 14 7 2 21 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 4 8 6 4 11 11 11 5 4 14 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with over-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 3 9 3 3 3 5 11 6 2 30 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 3 11 3 3 3 5 13 7 4 20 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 1 12 1 1 1 3 14 7 2 23 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 1 13 1 1 1 2 14 8 2 24 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 3 10 4 3 3 6 12 7 4 19 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 3 11 3 3 3 5 13 7 4 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 3 10 4 3 4 6 11 6 3 27 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 3 10 4 5 4 6 11 6 3 23 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 4 9 4 4 4 8 11 6 3 21 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 4 9 8 3 4 8 11 6 3 20 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 3 10 4 3 4 6 11 6 3 24 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 10 16 10 4 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Māori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 14 9 4 35 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 3 10 4 5 4 6 11 6 3 23 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 12 2 9 3 2 3 5 11 6 6 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 9 15 9 4 35 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 9 15 9 4 35 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
48
]
],
"text": "In machinery, a sliding piece is said to overrun its bearing when its forward end goes beyond it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
300,
311
]
],
"ref": "2024 June 9, maia arson crimew, “israeli national police found trying to purchase stalkerware”, in maia blog, archived from the original on 23 Aug 2024:",
"text": "all of these services, including mSpy, function with the same kind of predatory subscription scheme, luring you in with free trials that autorenew as abhorrently expensive monthly or yearly subscriptions. canceling the service requires reaching out to support, so users are typically unable to avoid overrunning the trial.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To go beyond; to extend in part beyond."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-pu~mYGBc",
"links": [
[
"go beyond",
"go beyond"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To go beyond; to extend in part beyond."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
31
]
],
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 9:",
"text": "None of them the feeble overren.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
297,
304
]
],
"ref": "2005, Jesse Helms, “Jimmy Carter”, in Here's Where I Stand: A Memoir, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 106–107:",
"text": "Fortunately, in April 1979, Congress codified the United States' support for the brave people of the Republic of China with the passage of the Taiwan Relations Act. This gave our friends the cover to develop the vibrant economy and flourishing democracy we see today and prevented them from being overrun by the same tyrants who are now in the process of eradicating democracy in Hong Kong.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abuse or oppress, as if by treading upon."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-verb-gWtTg89N",
"links": [
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
],
[
"tread",
"tread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To abuse or oppress, as if by treading upon."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌəʊ.vəˈɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌoʊ.vɚˈɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-overrun.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 40 40 2 1 14 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "overschijden"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 40 40 2 1 14 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "voorbijlopen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 40 40 2 1 14 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "inhalen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 40 40 2 1 14 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "überschreiten"
}
],
"word": "overrun"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "buffer overrun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cost overrun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "over-",
"4": "run",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uber\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ofer-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"run\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"overrun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"overrun\">\nFrom over- + run.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\nFrom over- + run.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "overruns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "over-run",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "overrun (countable and uncountable, plural overruns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
141,
149
]
],
"ref": "2013 June 18, Simon Romero, “Protests Widen as Brazilians Chide Leaders”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 11 Aug 2020:",
"text": "Some of the stadiums being built for the World Cup soccer tournament, scheduled for next year, have also been criticized for delays and cost overruns, and have become subjects of derision as protesters question whether they will become white elephants.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
87
]
],
"ref": "2021 December 13, Molly Ball, Jeffrey Kluger, Alejandro de la Garza, “Elon Musk: Person of the Year 2021”, in TIME, archived from the original on 13 Dec 2021:",
"text": "Tesla’s first decade was plagued by unmet deadlines, technical snafus and cost overruns.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instance of overrunning."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-noun-QOUSJxby",
"links": [
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"overrun",
"#Verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Printing",
"orig": "en:Printing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instance of overrunning.",
"A turnover: a break to a new line by text flowing within the column."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-noun-~0AOjmU7",
"links": [
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"overrun",
"#Verb"
],
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"turnover",
"turnover#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"An instance of overrunning.",
"(printing) A turnover: a break to a new line by text flowing within the column."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "runover"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
28
]
],
"text": "At least this year's overrun isn't as unmanageable as last year!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The amount by which something overruns."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-noun--24Se1Be",
"links": [
[
"overrun",
"#Verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 4 91 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "amount by which something overruns",
"word": "overschrijding"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Aviation",
"orig": "en:Aviation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
68,
75
]
],
"text": "The runway has 7,000 feet of paved surface, plus a 2,000-foot grass overrun.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of terrain beyond the end of a runway that is kept flat and unobstructed to allow an aircraft that runs off the end of the runway to stop safely."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-noun-TTKWN-oS",
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"terrain",
"terrain"
],
[
"runway",
"runway"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"unobstructed",
"unobstructed"
],
[
"aircraft",
"aircraft"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(aviation) An area of terrain beyond the end of a runway that is kept flat and unobstructed to allow an aircraft that runs off the end of the runway to stop safely."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "runway safety area"
},
{
"word": "stopway"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
33
]
],
"ref": "2004, Wayne Gisslen, Professional Baking, page 497:",
"text": "If ice cream has too much overrun, it will be airy and foamy and will lack flavor.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Air that is whipped into a frozen dessert to make it easier to serve and eat."
],
"id": "en-overrun-en-noun-DuP2wQNa",
"links": [
[
"Air",
"air"
],
[
"whip",
"whip"
],
[
"frozen",
"frozen"
],
[
"dessert",
"dessert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(food) Air that is whipped into a frozen dessert to make it easier to serve and eat."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈəʊ.vəˌɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈoʊ.vɚˌɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "47 47 1 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"word": "overrompeling"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 1 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"word": "overschrijding"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 1 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"word": "overstroming"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 1 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "excedimiento"
}
],
"word": "overrun"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *upér",
"English terms prefixed with over-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Requests for review of Catalan translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "overrunner"
},
{
"word": "overrun the constable"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "over-",
"4": "run",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uber\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ofer-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"run\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"overrun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"overrun\">\nFrom over- + run.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\nFrom over- + run.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "overruns",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "overrunning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "overran",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "overrun",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "over-run",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~s",
"2": "~ning",
"3": "overran",
"4": "~"
},
"expansion": "overrun (third-person singular simple present overruns, present participle overrunning, simple past overran, past participle overrun)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
139,
146
]
],
"ref": "2000 April 26, Walter A. McDougall, “Who Were We in Vietnam?”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 27 May 2015, retrieved 03 Aug 2008:",
"text": "But news that the North Vietnamese had launched an invasion more akin to the blitzkrieg of Poland than to a Maoist \"people's war,\" and had overrun my old base camp 30 miles up Thunder Road from Saigon, turned my heart to lead.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers, seizing the enemy positions conclusively."
],
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"invade",
"invade"
],
[
"number",
"number"
],
[
"seizing",
"seize"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"conclusively",
"conclusively"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers, seizing the enemy positions conclusively."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The cathedral square was overrun with tourists.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
],
[
43,
50
]
],
"text": "The vine overran its trellis; the field is overrun with weeds.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"ref": "1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:",
"text": "those barbarous nations that over-ran the world",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
222,
229
]
],
"ref": "2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 07 May 2021:",
"text": "As President Obama turns his attention once again to filling out a cabinet and writing an Inaugural Address, this much is clear: he should not expect to bask in a surge of national unity, or to witness a crowd of millions overrun the Mall just to say they were there.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To infest, swarm over, flow over."
],
"links": [
[
"infest",
"infest"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To infest, swarm over, flow over."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
19
]
],
"text": "The athlete overran the finish line and kept going.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
17
]
],
"text": "One line overruns another in length.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
48
]
],
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Samuel 18:23:",
"text": "Ahimaaz ran by the way of the plain, and overran Cushi.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
94,
101
]
],
"ref": "1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 138:",
"text": "The collision occurred when an up empty electric train travelling on the up main through line overran the inner home signal and rammed the side of the departing 6.14 p.m. Waterloo-Weymouth steam train, which was leaving platform 12 for the down main through line.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To run past; to run beyond."
],
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To run past; to run beyond."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "run over"
},
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
44
]
],
"text": "The aircraft didn't stop in time and overran the runway.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To run past; to run beyond.",
"To run past the end of."
],
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"past",
"past"
],
[
"end",
"end"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To run past; to run beyond.",
"(transitive) To run past the end of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
23
]
],
"text": "The performance overran by ten minutes, which caused some people to miss their bus home.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To continue for too long."
],
"links": [
[
"continue",
"continue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To continue for too long."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Printing"
],
"glosses": [
"To carry (some type, a line or column, etc.) backward or forward into an adjacent line or page."
],
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"carry",
"carry"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"column",
"column"
],
[
"backward",
"backward"
],
[
"forward",
"forward"
],
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"page",
"page"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(printing, transitive) To carry (some type, a line or column, etc.) backward or forward into an adjacent line or page."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
48
]
],
"text": "In machinery, a sliding piece is said to overrun its bearing when its forward end goes beyond it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
300,
311
]
],
"ref": "2024 June 9, maia arson crimew, “israeli national police found trying to purchase stalkerware”, in maia blog, archived from the original on 23 Aug 2024:",
"text": "all of these services, including mSpy, function with the same kind of predatory subscription scheme, luring you in with free trials that autorenew as abhorrently expensive monthly or yearly subscriptions. canceling the service requires reaching out to support, so users are typically unable to avoid overrunning the trial.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To go beyond; to extend in part beyond."
],
"links": [
[
"go beyond",
"go beyond"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To go beyond; to extend in part beyond."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
31
]
],
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 9:",
"text": "None of them the feeble overren.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
297,
304
]
],
"ref": "2005, Jesse Helms, “Jimmy Carter”, in Here's Where I Stand: A Memoir, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 106–107:",
"text": "Fortunately, in April 1979, Congress codified the United States' support for the brave people of the Republic of China with the passage of the Taiwan Relations Act. This gave our friends the cover to develop the vibrant economy and flourishing democracy we see today and prevented them from being overrun by the same tyrants who are now in the process of eradicating democracy in Hong Kong.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abuse or oppress, as if by treading upon."
],
"links": [
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
],
[
"tread",
"tread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To abuse or oppress, as if by treading upon."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "run over"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌəʊ.vəˈɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌoʊ.vɚˈɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-overrun.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "onder de voet lopen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "overstromen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "überrennen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to defeat an enemy and invade in great numbers",
"word": "sobrepasar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamořit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaplavit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatopit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "onder de voet lopen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "overrompelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "zwermen over"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "overstromen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "befallen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "überschwemmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "überhäufen"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "pokipoki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "kōwaowao"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "infestar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "översvämma"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "to infest, swarm over",
"word": "istila etmek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "overschijden"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "voorbijlopen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "inhalen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to run past, exceed",
"word": "überschreiten"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přetáhnout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "protáhnout se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"word": "te lang doorbijlopen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"word": "überziehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"word": "überschreiten"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "to continue for too long — see also run over",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pretiahnuť"
}
],
"word": "overrun"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *upér",
"English terms prefixed with over-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Requests for review of Catalan translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "buffer overrun"
},
{
"word": "cost overrun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "over-",
"4": "run",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uber\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ofer-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"run\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"overrun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"overrun\">\nFrom over- + run.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\nEnglish run\nEnglish overrun\nFrom over- + run.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "overruns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "over-run",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "overrun (countable and uncountable, plural overruns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
141,
149
]
],
"ref": "2013 June 18, Simon Romero, “Protests Widen as Brazilians Chide Leaders”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 11 Aug 2020:",
"text": "Some of the stadiums being built for the World Cup soccer tournament, scheduled for next year, have also been criticized for delays and cost overruns, and have become subjects of derision as protesters question whether they will become white elephants.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
87
]
],
"ref": "2021 December 13, Molly Ball, Jeffrey Kluger, Alejandro de la Garza, “Elon Musk: Person of the Year 2021”, in TIME, archived from the original on 13 Dec 2021:",
"text": "Tesla’s first decade was plagued by unmet deadlines, technical snafus and cost overruns.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instance of overrunning."
],
"links": [
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"overrun",
"#Verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Printing"
],
"glosses": [
"An instance of overrunning.",
"A turnover: a break to a new line by text flowing within the column."
],
"links": [
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"overrun",
"#Verb"
],
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"turnover",
"turnover#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"An instance of overrunning.",
"(printing) A turnover: a break to a new line by text flowing within the column."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "runover"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
28
]
],
"text": "At least this year's overrun isn't as unmanageable as last year!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The amount by which something overruns."
],
"links": [
[
"overrun",
"#Verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Aviation"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
68,
75
]
],
"text": "The runway has 7,000 feet of paved surface, plus a 2,000-foot grass overrun.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of terrain beyond the end of a runway that is kept flat and unobstructed to allow an aircraft that runs off the end of the runway to stop safely."
],
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"terrain",
"terrain"
],
[
"runway",
"runway"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"unobstructed",
"unobstructed"
],
[
"aircraft",
"aircraft"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(aviation) An area of terrain beyond the end of a runway that is kept flat and unobstructed to allow an aircraft that runs off the end of the runway to stop safely."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "runway safety area"
},
{
"word": "stopway"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
33
]
],
"ref": "2004, Wayne Gisslen, Professional Baking, page 497:",
"text": "If ice cream has too much overrun, it will be airy and foamy and will lack flavor.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Air that is whipped into a frozen dessert to make it easier to serve and eat."
],
"links": [
[
"Air",
"air"
],
[
"whip",
"whip"
],
[
"frozen",
"frozen"
],
[
"dessert",
"dessert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(food) Air that is whipped into a frozen dessert to make it easier to serve and eat."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈəʊ.vəˌɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈoʊ.vɚˌɹʌn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overrun2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"word": "overrompeling"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"word": "overschrijding"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"word": "overstroming"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "instance of overrunning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "excedimiento"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "amount by which something overruns",
"word": "overschrijding"
}
],
"word": "overrun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for overrun meaning in English (22.4kB)
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"overrun"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "overrun",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"overrun"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "overrun",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"overrun"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "overrun",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.