"menhir" meaning in English

See menhir in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈmɛnhɪə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈmɛnˌ(h)ɪ(ə)ɹ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-menhir.wav [Southern-England], En-us-menhir.oga [General-American] Forms: menhirs [plural]
Etymology: PIE word *méǵh₂s Either borrowed from French menhir, or from its etymon Breton maen-hir (literally “long stone”), from maen (“stone”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”)) + hir (“long”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long; lasting”)). The English word is cognate with Cornish mênhere, Welsh maen hir. Etymology templates: {{l|ine-pro|*méǵh₂s}} *méǵh₂s, {{PIE word|en|méǵh₂s}} PIE word *méǵh₂s, {{root|en|ine-pro|*seh₁-|id=long}}, {{bor|en|fr|menhir}} French menhir, {{glossary|etymon}} etymon, {{der|en|br|maen-hir|lit=long stone}} Breton maen-hir (literally “long stone”), {{m|br|maen|t=stone}} maen (“stone”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*méǵh₂s|t=big, great}} Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”), {{m|br|hir|t=long}} hir (“long”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*seh₁-|t=long; lasting}} Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long; lasting”), {{cog|kw|mênhere}} Cornish mênhere, {{cog|cy|maen hir}} Welsh maen hir Head templates: {{en-noun}} menhir (plural menhirs)
  1. (archaeology) A single tall standing stone as a monument, especially one dating to prehistoric times. Wikipedia link: Île de Sein Categories (topical): Archaeology, Rocks Synonyms: orthostat Related terms: stela, stele Translations (single tall standing stone as a monument): menhir (Afrikaans), شاهد قائم (Arabic), menhir (Aragonese), մենհիր (menhir) (Armenian), menhir (Asturian), menhir (Basque), iruinharri (Basque), менгір (mjenhir) [masculine] (Belarusian), peulvan (Breton), менхир (menhir) [masculine] (Bulgarian), menhir [masculine] (Catalan), 立石 (lìshí) (Chinese Mandarin), menhir (Czech), bautasten [common-gender] (Danish), menhir [masculine] (Dutch), menhiro (Esperanto), menhir (Estonian), beytasteinur [masculine] (Faroese), menhir (Finnish), megaliitti (Finnish), menhir [masculine] (French), menhir [masculine] (Galician), lapa [feminine] (Galician), pedrafita [feminine] (Galician), მენჰირი (menhiri) (Georgian), Menhir [masculine] (German), Druidenstein [masculine] (German), Hinkelstein [masculine] (German), Hünenstein [masculine] (German), μενίρ (menír) [neuter] (Greek), מנהיר (Hebrew), menhír (Hungarian), kőszál (Hungarian), menhiro (Ido), menhir (Indonesian), gallán [masculine] (Irish), menhir [masculine] (Italian), メンヒル (menhiru) (Japanese), менгир (meñir) (Kazakh), қадатас (qadatas) (Kazakh), 선돌 (seondol) (Korean), menhyras (Lithuanian), менхир (menhir) (Macedonian), menhir (Malay), മെൻഹിർ (meṉhiṟ) (Malayalam), वीरगळ (vīrgaḷ) (Marathi), bautastein [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), menhir (Norwegian Nynorsk), menir (Occitan), سنگافراشت (Persian), menhir [masculine] (Polish), menir [masculine] (Portuguese), sayakuq rumi (Quechua), menhir [neuter] (Romanian), менги́р (mengír) [masculine] (Russian), tursa [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), мѐнхӣр [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), mènhīr [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), menhir (Slovak), menhir (Slovene), menhir [masculine] (Spanish), bautasten (Swedish), rest sten (Swedish), nakatayong bato (Tagalog), குத்துக்கல் (kuttukkal) (Tamil), менгир (mengir) (Tatar), озынташ (ozıntaş) (Tatar), тораташ (torataş) (Tatar), menhir (Turkish), менгі́р (menhír) (Ukrainian), mengir (Uzbek), menir [masculine] (Walloon), menhir (West Frisian)

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for menhir meaning in English (13.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*méǵh₂s"
      },
      "expansion": "*méǵh₂s",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "méǵh₂s"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *méǵh₂s",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seh₁-",
        "id": "long"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "menhir"
      },
      "expansion": "French menhir",
      "name": "bor"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
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      "name": "glossary"
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "br",
        "3": "maen-hir",
        "lit": "long stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton maen-hir (literally “long stone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "maen",
        "t": "stone"
      },
      "expansion": "maen (“stone”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*méǵh₂s",
        "t": "big, great"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "hir",
        "t": "long"
      },
      "expansion": "hir (“long”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seh₁-",
        "t": "long; lasting"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long; lasting”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "mênhere"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish mênhere",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "maen hir"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh maen hir",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *méǵh₂s\nEither borrowed from French menhir, or from its etymon Breton maen-hir (literally “long stone”), from maen (“stone”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”)) + hir (“long”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long; lasting”)). The English word is cognate with Cornish mênhere, Welsh maen hir.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "menhirs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "menhir (plural menhirs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
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  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "men‧hir"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
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          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
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        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Archaeology",
          "orig": "en:Archaeology",
          "parents": [
            "Anthropology",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Zoology",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rocks",
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            "Natural materials",
            "Earth sciences",
            "Materials",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "Manufacturing",
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            "Human activity",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1963, Thomas Pynchon, “Confessions of Fausto Maijstral”, in V.: […], Philadelphia, Pa., New York, N.Y.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, →OCLC, pages 310–311",
          "text": "[N]o time has passed since we lived in caves, grappled with fish at the reedy shore, buried our dead with a song, with red-ochre and pulled up our dolmens, temples and menhirs and standing stones to the glory of some indeterminate god or gods, […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1980, Anthony Burgess, chapter 39, in Earthly Powers, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, London: Penguin Books, published 1981, page 280",
          "text": "On the coast tree ferns and pandanus palms. Inland termite menhirs seventeen feet high.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A single tall standing stone as a monument, especially one dating to prehistoric times."
      ],
      "id": "en-menhir-en-noun-tXL3rF-g",
      "links": [
        [
          "archaeology",
          "archaeology"
        ],
        [
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          "single#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "tall",
          "tall"
        ],
        [
          "standing stone",
          "standing stone"
        ],
        [
          "monument",
          "monument#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "dating",
          "date#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "prehistoric",
          "prehistoric"
        ],
        [
          "times",
          "time#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaeology) A single tall standing stone as a monument, especially one dating to prehistoric times."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "stela"
        },
        {
          "word": "stele"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "orthostat"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "archaeology",
        "history",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "شاهد قائم"
        },
        {
          "code": "an",
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "menhir",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "մենհիր"
        },
        {
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "iruinharri"
        },
        {
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "mjenhir",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "менгір"
        },
        {
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "peulvan"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "menhir",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "менхир"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "lìshí",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "立石"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "bautasten"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhiro"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "beytasteinur"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "megaliitti"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "lapa"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "pedrafita"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "menhiri",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "მენჰირი"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Druidenstein"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Hinkelstein"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Hünenstein"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "menír",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "μενίρ"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "מנהיר"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhír"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "kőszál"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhiro"
        },
        {
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gallán"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "menhiru",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "メンヒル"
        },
        {
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "meñir",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "менгир"
        },
        {
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "qadatas",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "қадатас"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "seondol",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "선돌"
        },
        {
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhyras"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "menhir",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "менхир"
        },
        {
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "meṉhiṟ",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "മെൻഹിർ"
        },
        {
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "vīrgaḷ",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "वीरगळ"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bautastein"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menir"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "سنگافراشت"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menir"
        },
        {
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "sayakuq rumi"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mengír",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "менги́р"
        },
        {
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tursa"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "мѐнхӣр"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "mènhīr"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "bautasten"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "rest sten"
        },
        {
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "nakatayong bato"
        },
        {
          "code": "ta",
          "lang": "Tamil",
          "roman": "kuttukkal",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "குத்துக்கல்"
        },
        {
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "mengir",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "менгир"
        },
        {
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "ozıntaş",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "озынташ"
        },
        {
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "torataş",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "тораташ"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "menhír",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "менгі́р"
        },
        {
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "mengir"
        },
        {
          "code": "wa",
          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "menir"
        },
        {
          "code": "fy",
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
          "word": "menhir"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Île de Sein"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmɛnhɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmɛnˌ(h)ɪ(ə)ɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-menhir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-menhir.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-menhir.oga/En-us-menhir.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-menhir.oga",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (GA)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "menhir"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*méǵh₂s"
      },
      "expansion": "*méǵh₂s",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "méǵh₂s"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *méǵh₂s",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seh₁-",
        "id": "long"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "menhir"
      },
      "expansion": "French menhir",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
      },
      "expansion": "etymon",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "br",
        "3": "maen-hir",
        "lit": "long stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton maen-hir (literally “long stone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "maen",
        "t": "stone"
      },
      "expansion": "maen (“stone”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*méǵh₂s",
        "t": "big, great"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "hir",
        "t": "long"
      },
      "expansion": "hir (“long”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seh₁-",
        "t": "long; lasting"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long; lasting”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "mênhere"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish mênhere",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "maen hir"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh maen hir",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *méǵh₂s\nEither borrowed from French menhir, or from its etymon Breton maen-hir (literally “long stone”), from maen (“stone”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s (“big, great”)) + hir (“long”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long; lasting”)). The English word is cognate with Cornish mênhere, Welsh maen hir.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "menhirs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "menhir (plural menhirs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "men‧hir"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "stela"
    },
    {
      "word": "stele"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English 2-syllable words",
        "English 3-syllable words",
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms borrowed from French",
        "English terms derived from Breton",
        "English terms derived from French",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seh₁- (long)",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *méǵh₂s",
        "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "English terms with audio links",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Archaeology",
        "en:Rocks"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1963, Thomas Pynchon, “Confessions of Fausto Maijstral”, in V.: […], Philadelphia, Pa., New York, N.Y.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, →OCLC, pages 310–311",
          "text": "[N]o time has passed since we lived in caves, grappled with fish at the reedy shore, buried our dead with a song, with red-ochre and pulled up our dolmens, temples and menhirs and standing stones to the glory of some indeterminate god or gods, […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1980, Anthony Burgess, chapter 39, in Earthly Powers, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, London: Penguin Books, published 1981, page 280",
          "text": "On the coast tree ferns and pandanus palms. Inland termite menhirs seventeen feet high.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A single tall standing stone as a monument, especially one dating to prehistoric times."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "archaeology",
          "archaeology"
        ],
        [
          "single",
          "single#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "tall",
          "tall"
        ],
        [
          "standing stone",
          "standing stone"
        ],
        [
          "monument",
          "monument#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "dating",
          "date#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "prehistoric",
          "prehistoric"
        ],
        [
          "times",
          "time#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaeology) A single tall standing stone as a monument, especially one dating to prehistoric times."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "orthostat"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "archaeology",
        "history",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Île de Sein"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmɛnhɪə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmɛnˌ(h)ɪ(ə)ɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-menhir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-menhir.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-menhir.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-menhir.oga/En-us-menhir.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-menhir.oga",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (GA)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "شاهد قائم"
    },
    {
      "code": "an",
      "lang": "Aragonese",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "menhir",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "մենհիր"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "iruinharri"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "mjenhir",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "менгір"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "peulvan"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "menhir",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "менхир"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "lìshí",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "立石"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "bautasten"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "beytasteinur"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "megaliitti"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "lapa"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pedrafita"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "menhiri",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "მენჰირი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Druidenstein"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Hinkelstein"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Hünenstein"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "menír",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "μενίρ"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "מנהיר"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhír"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "kőszál"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gallán"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "menhiru",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "メンヒル"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "meñir",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "менгир"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "qadatas",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "қадатас"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "seondol",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "선돌"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhyras"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "menhir",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "менхир"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "meṉhiṟ",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "മെൻഹിർ"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "vīrgaḷ",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "वीरगळ"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bautastein"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "سنگافراشت"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menir"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "sayakuq rumi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mengír",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "менги́р"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tursa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "мѐнхӣр"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "mènhīr"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "bautasten"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "rest sten"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "nakatayong bato"
    },
    {
      "code": "ta",
      "lang": "Tamil",
      "roman": "kuttukkal",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "குத்துக்கல்"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "mengir",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "менгир"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "ozıntaş",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "озынташ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "torataş",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "тораташ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "menhír",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "менгі́р"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "mengir"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "menir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fy",
      "lang": "West Frisian",
      "sense": "single tall standing stone as a monument",
      "word": "menhir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "menhir"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.