See graphene in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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{
"ref": "2014 April 13, Nick Bilton, “Bend it, charge it, dunk it: Graphene, the material of tomorrow”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "Graphene is the strongest, thinnest material known to exist. A form of carbon, it can conduct electricity and heat better than anything else. And get ready for this: It is not only the hardest material in the world but also one of the most pliable. Only a single atom thick, it has been called the wonder material. Graphene could change the electronics industry, ushering in flexible devices, supercharged quantum computers, electronic clothing and computers that can interface with the cells in your body.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 May 18, “The wonder material graphene may have found its killer app”, in The Economist, →ISSN:",
"text": "Graphene, which consists of monolayers of carbon atoms bonded in a repeating hexagonal pattern, is the thinnest known material. It was isolated in 2004 at the University of Manchester by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, who went on to win a Nobel prize for their discovery.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arbitrarily large-scale, one-atom-thick layer of graphite, an allotrope of carbon, that has remarkable electric characteristics."
],
"links": [
[
"inorganic chemistry",
"inorganic chemistry"
],
[
"allotrope",
"allotrope"
],
[
"carbon",
"carbon"
],
[
"electric",
"electric"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(inorganic chemistry) An arbitrarily large-scale, one-atom-thick layer of graphite, an allotrope of carbon, that has remarkable electric characteristics."
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"inorganic-chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹæf.iːn/"
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-graphene.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-graphene.wav.mp3",
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},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-æfiːn"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "قرافين"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "qrafen"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafeno"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hrafjen",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "графен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grafen",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "графен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafè"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shímòxī",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "石墨烯"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafen"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafeno"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafeen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafeeni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "graphène"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "Graphen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "grafénio",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "γραφένιο"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "גרפן"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "grephīn",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "ग्रेफीन"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafén"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafín"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafena"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafene"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gurafen",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "グラフェン"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "grafen",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "графен"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geuraepin",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "그래핀"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafēns"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "grāphīṉ",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "ഗ്രാഫീൻ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "karawhīni"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gerâfen",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "گرافن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafeno"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "grafen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grafén",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "графе́н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "графен"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "grafen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grafeno"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "grafen"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kirāpīṉ",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "கிராபீன்"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hrafen",
"sense": "large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite",
"word": "графен"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"graphene"
],
"word": "graphene"
}
Download raw JSONL data for graphene meaning in English (10.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.