See epistle in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for epistle meaning in English (32.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Catholic Epistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "catholic epistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistlar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistle lesson"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistle side"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistoler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Pastoral Epistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pastoral epistle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "*h₁epi",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "epistole"
},
"expansion": "epistole",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pistel",
"t": "letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "epistola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pistol",
"t": "letter, epistle"
},
"expansion": "pistol (“letter, epistle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐστέλλω",
"t": "to inform by, or to send, a letter or message"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐ-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘on, upon’"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στέλλω",
"t": "to dispatch, send"
},
"expansion": "στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-η",
"pos": "suffix forming action nouns"
},
"expansion": "-η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistele"
},
"expansion": "epistele",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistole",
"t": "letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (plural epistles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolarian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolical"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolographer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolographic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolographist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolography"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "open letter"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters, especially one in verse."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-cLG~j34Y",
"links": [
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"composition",
"composition"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
],
[
"series",
"series"
],
[
"verse",
"verse#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 9 11 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters",
"word": "epistola"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-unS3WwUK",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-ebkLjDkZ",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
],
[
"qualifying",
"qualifying#Adjective"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"dedicatory",
"dedicatory#Adjective"
],
[
"dedication",
"dedication"
],
[
"addressed",
"address#Verb"
],
[
"patron",
"patron#Noun"
],
[
"reader",
"reader"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"(specifically, historical) Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"specifically"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 4 70 11 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work",
"word": "kirje esipuheena"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 7 49 34 0 0 1 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 6 48 33 1 1 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956 November, Werner Keller, “In the Steps of St. Paul”, in William Neil, transl., The Bible as History: Archaeology Confirms the Book of Books, London: Hodder & Stoughton, →OCLC, page 360",
"text": "Even last century scholars had begun to search for the cities in Asia Minor whose names have become so familiar to the Christian world through the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles of St. Paul. Where were the places whose inhabitants received the famous Epistle to the Galatians?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-en:book",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"books",
"book#Noun"
],
[
"New Testament",
"New Testament"
],
[
"apostle",
"apostle"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"senseid": [
"en:book"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 55 43",
"sense": "New Testament book, extract read during a church service",
"word": "Epistle"
}
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abostol"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "kirje"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Apostelbrief"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "levél"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "по̀сланица"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòslanica"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 60 36",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-ipbnJlSG",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"extract",
"extract#Noun"
],
[
"gospel",
"gospel#Noun"
],
[
"read",
"read#Verb"
],
[
"church service",
"church service"
],
[
"Eucharist",
"Eucharist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "archaic or obsolete",
"word": "pistle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ألوكة"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "namak",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "նամակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epistel"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "episztola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "warkah"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "epistoła"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistolă"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "epistole"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litir"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "епѝстола"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "epìstola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "epistel"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "parso"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 33 33 19 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poslánnja",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 48 50",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extract from a New Testament epistle or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service",
"word": "epistola"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "epistling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "*h₁epi",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "epistole"
},
"expansion": "epistole",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pistel",
"t": "letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "epistola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pistol",
"t": "letter, epistle"
},
"expansion": "pistol (“letter, epistle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐστέλλω",
"t": "to inform by, or to send, a letter or message"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐ-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘on, upon’"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στέλλω",
"t": "to dispatch, send"
},
"expansion": "στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-η",
"pos": "suffix forming action nouns"
},
"expansion": "-η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistele"
},
"expansion": "epistele",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistole",
"t": "letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epistling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (third-person singular simple present epistles, present participle epistling, simple past and past participle epistled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-sEZDXeSH",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"write",
"write#Verb"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous) To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-VoBDtgjG",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous, archaic) To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-sA2bjgfK",
"links": [
[
"introduction",
"introduction"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(rare) To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 10 65 10 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje esipuheeksi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-bVhI9sFK",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To write a letter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-yGrQlvoZ",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 18 11 32 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter; (intransitive) to write a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 20 9 30 29",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write a letter to (someone); (intransitive) to communicate with someone through a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *stel-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁epi",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Catholic Epistle"
},
{
"word": "catholic epistle"
},
{
"word": "epistlar"
},
{
"word": "epistle lesson"
},
{
"word": "epistler"
},
{
"word": "epistle side"
},
{
"word": "epistoler"
},
{
"word": "Pastoral Epistle"
},
{
"word": "pastoral epistle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "*h₁epi",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "epistole"
},
"expansion": "epistole",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pistel",
"t": "letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "epistola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pistol",
"t": "letter, epistle"
},
"expansion": "pistol (“letter, epistle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐστέλλω",
"t": "to inform by, or to send, a letter or message"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐ-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘on, upon’"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στέλλω",
"t": "to dispatch, send"
},
"expansion": "στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-η",
"pos": "suffix forming action nouns"
},
"expansion": "-η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistele"
},
"expansion": "epistele",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistole",
"t": "letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (plural epistles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "epistolarian"
},
{
"word": "epistolary"
},
{
"word": "epistolation"
},
{
"word": "epistolean"
},
{
"word": "epistolic"
},
{
"word": "epistolical"
},
{
"word": "epistolist"
},
{
"word": "epistolize"
},
{
"word": "epistolographer"
},
{
"word": "epistolographic"
},
{
"word": "epistolographist"
},
{
"word": "epistolography"
},
{
"word": "pistle"
},
{
"word": "open letter"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters, especially one in verse."
],
"links": [
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"composition",
"composition"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
],
[
"series",
"series"
],
[
"verse",
"verse#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
],
[
"qualifying",
"qualifying#Adjective"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"dedicatory",
"dedicatory#Adjective"
],
[
"dedication",
"dedication"
],
[
"addressed",
"address#Verb"
],
[
"patron",
"patron#Noun"
],
[
"reader",
"reader"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"(specifically, historical) Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"specifically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Christianity"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956 November, Werner Keller, “In the Steps of St. Paul”, in William Neil, transl., The Bible as History: Archaeology Confirms the Book of Books, London: Hodder & Stoughton, →OCLC, page 360",
"text": "Even last century scholars had begun to search for the cities in Asia Minor whose names have become so familiar to the Christian world through the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles of St. Paul. Where were the places whose inhabitants received the famous Epistle to the Galatians?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"books",
"book#Noun"
],
[
"New Testament",
"New Testament"
],
[
"apostle",
"apostle"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"senseid": [
"en:book"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"extract",
"extract#Noun"
],
[
"gospel",
"gospel#Noun"
],
[
"read",
"read#Verb"
],
[
"church service",
"church service"
],
[
"Eucharist",
"Eucharist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "New Testament book, extract read during a church service",
"word": "Epistle"
},
{
"english": "archaic or obsolete",
"word": "pistle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ألوكة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "namak",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "նամակ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epistel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "episztola"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "warkah"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "epistoła"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carta"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistolă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "epistole"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litir"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "епѝстола"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "epìstola"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "epistel"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "parso"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poslánnja",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ння"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work",
"word": "kirje esipuheena"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abostol"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epístola"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "kirje"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Apostelbrief"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "levél"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "по̀сланица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòslanica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extract from a New Testament epistle or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service",
"word": "epistola"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *stel-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁epi",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "epistling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "*h₁epi",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "epistole"
},
"expansion": "epistole",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pistel",
"t": "letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "epistola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pistol",
"t": "letter, epistle"
},
"expansion": "pistol (“letter, epistle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐστέλλω",
"t": "to inform by, or to send, a letter or message"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπῐ-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘on, upon’"
},
"expansion": "ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στέλλω",
"t": "to dispatch, send"
},
"expansion": "στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-η",
"pos": "suffix forming action nouns"
},
"expansion": "-η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistele"
},
"expansion": "epistele",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "epistole",
"t": "letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass"
},
"expansion": "epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epistling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (third-person singular simple present epistles, present participle epistling, simple past and past participle epistled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"write",
"write#Verb"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous) To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous, archaic) To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"links": [
[
"introduction",
"introduction"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(rare) To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To write a letter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter; (intransitive) to write a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write a letter to (someone); (intransitive) to communicate with someone through a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje esipuheeksi"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.