See epistle in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Catholic Epistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "catholic epistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistlar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistle lesson"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistle side"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistoler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Pastoral Epistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pastoral epistle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (plural epistles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolarian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolical"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolographer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolographic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolographist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "epistolography"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "open letter"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1608, Joseph Hall, “To the High and Mightie Prince, Henrie, Prince of Great Britaine, Sonne and Heyre Apparant to Our Soueraigne Lord, Iames, King of Great Brit. &c. All Glorie in Either World”, in Epistles […], volume I, London: […] H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Samuel Macham & E[leazar] Edgar […], →OCLC, 1st decade:",
"text": "[Y]our Grace ſhal herein perceiue a nevv faſhion of diſcourſe, by Epistles; nevv to our language, uſual to others: and (as Noueltie is neuer vvithout ſome plea of vſe) more free, more familiar.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, John Dryden, “To the Most Honourable John, Lord Marquess of Normanby, […]”, in Virgil, translated by John Dryden, The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page [156]:",
"text": "For in this Addreſs to your Lordſhip, I deſign not a Treatiſe of Heroick Poetry, but vvrite in a looſe Epiſtolary vvay, ſomevvhat tending to that Subject, after the Example of Horace, in his Firſt Epiſtle of the Second Book to Auguſtus Cæſar, and of that to the Piſo’s, vvhich vve call his Art of Poetry.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1714 November 21 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison?], “WEDNESDAY, November 10, 1714”, in The Spectator, number 618; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume VI, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC, page 477:",
"text": "But let our poet, while he writes epistles, though never so familiar, still remember that he writes in verse, and must for that reason have a more than ordinary care not to fall into prose and a vulgar diction, excepting where the nature and humour of the thing does necessarily require it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, [David Hume], “Essay III. Of the Connexion of Ideas.”, in Philosophical Essays Concerning Human Understanding, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 34:",
"text": "In all Compoſitions of Genius, therefore, 'tis requiſite that the VVriter have ſome Plan or Object; and tho' he may be hurry'd from this Plan by the Vehemence of Thought, as in an Ode, or drop it careleſly, as in an Epiſtle or Eſſay, there muſt appear ſome Aim or Intention, in his firſt ſetting out, if not in the Compoſition of the vvhole VVork.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters, especially one in verse."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-cLG~j34Y",
"links": [
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"composition",
"composition"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
],
[
"series",
"series"
],
[
"verse",
"verse#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 9 11 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters",
"word": "epistola"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 17 25 27 2 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 14 24 21 4 4 5 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "4 17 17 27 22 3 3 4 3 3",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "7 16 16 23 18 4 4 4 4 4",
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "5 13 22 28 22 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1536 (date written), Thomas More, “The Life of John Picus Erle of Myrandula, […]. Chapter IIII.”, in Wyllyam Rastell [i.e., William Rastell], editor, The Workes of Sir Thomas More Knyght, […], London: […] Iohn Cawod, Iohn Waly, and Richarde Tottell, published 30 April 1557, →OCLC, book III, page 15, column 1:",
"text": "After that John Frauncis [i.e., Giovanni Francesco Pico della Mirandola], the neuiew of Picꝰ [Picus], had (as it appeareth in the firſt epiſtle of Picus to him) begon a chaunge in his liuyng: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1569 (date written), Roger Ascham, “The First Booke for the Youth [Teachyng the Brynging vp of Youth]”, in Margaret Ascham, editor, The Scholemaster: Or Plaine and Perfite Way of Teaching Children, to Vnderstand, Write, and Speake, the Latin Tong, […], London: […] John Daye, […], published 1570, →OCLC, folio 25, verso:",
"text": "Plato alſo, that diuine Philoſopher, hath many Godly medicines agaynſt the poyſon of vayne pleaſure, in many places, but ſpecially in his Epistles to Dioniſius the tyrant of Sicilie: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 261, column 2:",
"text": "I vvill drop in his vvay ſome obſcure Epiſtles of loue, vvherein by the colour of his beard, the ſhape of his legge, the manner of his gate, the expreſſure of his eye, forehead, and complection, he ſhall finde himſelfe moſt feelingly perſonated.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1645 May 15 (Gregorian calendar), James Howell, “LXIII. To the Honourable Master Car. Ra.”, in Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ. Familiar Letters Domestic and Forren. […], 3rd edition, volume II, London: […] Humphrey Mos[e]ley, […], published 1655, →OCLC, section VI, page 373:",
"text": "[I]n publiſhing theſe Epiſtles at this Time, you pleaſe to ſay, That I have done like Hezekiah, vvhen he ſhevved his Treaſures to the Babylonians, that I have diſcovered my Riches to Thieves, vvho vvill bind me faſt and ſhare my Goods. To this I anſvver, that if thoſe innocent Letters (for I knovv none of them but is ſuch) fall among ſuch Thieves, they vvill have no great prize to carry avvay, it vvill be but petty larceny: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1781, Edward Gibbon, “Constantius Sole Emperor.— […]”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume II, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, footnote 12, page 129, column 1:",
"text": "The moſt authentic account of the education and adventures of Julian, is contained in the epiſtle or manifeſto vvhich he himſelf addreſſed to the ſenate and people of Athens.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXVIII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 232:",
"text": "At this moment his page entered with a packet. \"Lights!\" said Evelyn, carelessly—for, as our readers will have already divined, he was the melancholy soliloquist—\"I may as well read the Cardinal's epistle at once;—but I am no tool for his purpose.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1839, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], Richelieu; or, The Conspiracy: […], London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 26, line 24:",
"text": "Wide flew the doors, and lo, / Messire de Beringhen, and this epistle!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1914 September – 1915 May, Arthur Conan Doyle, “Epilogue”, in The Valley of Fear: A Sherlock Holmes Novel, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 27 February 1915, →OCLC, part II (The Scowrers), page 317:",
"text": "Then one morning there came an enigmatic note slipped into our letterbox. \"Dear me, Mr. Holmes. Dear me!\" said this singular epistle. There was neither superscription nor signature. I laughed at the quaint message; but Holmes showed unwonted seriousness.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-unS3WwUK",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 10 18 28 28 1 1 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 17 25 27 2 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 14 24 21 4 4 5 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 14 25 30 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 28 28 2 2 2 2 2",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 25 28 20 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 17 17 27 22 3 3 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 16 16 23 18 4 4 4 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 22 27 21 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 22 28 22 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “To the Most Orthodoxall and Reverent Corrector of Staring Haires, […], Don Richardo Barbarossa de Cæsario, […]”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 6:",
"text": "[I]n the Epiſtle Dedicatorie thereof to a great man of this land, whom he calls his verie right honourable good Lord, he recounteth his large bounties beſtowed upon him, and talkes of the ſecret favours which hee did him in his ſtudie or cloſet at court.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], “To the Right Worshipful John Offley of Madely Manor in the County of Stafford, Esq; My Most Honoured Friend”, in The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], →OCLC; reprinted as The Compleat Angler (Homo Ludens; 6), Nieuwkoop, South Holland, Netherlands: Miland Publishers, 1969, →ISBN:",
"text": "[L]eſt a longer Epiſtle may diminiſh your pleaſure, I ſhal not adventure to make this Epiſtle longer then to add this follovving truth, That I am really, Sir, Your moſt affectionate Friend, and moſt humble Servant, Iz[aak] Wa[lton].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-ebkLjDkZ",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
],
[
"qualifying",
"qualifying#Adjective"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"dedicatory",
"dedicatory#Adjective"
],
[
"dedication",
"dedication"
],
[
"addressed",
"address#Verb"
],
[
"patron",
"patron#Noun"
],
[
"reader",
"reader"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"(specifically, historical) Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"humorous",
"literary",
"specifically"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 5 72 9 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work",
"word": "kirje esipuheena"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 18 28 28 1 1 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 17 25 27 2 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 14 24 21 4 4 5 4 4",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 14 25 30 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 28 28 2 2 2 2 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "7 13 20 27 22 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 12 22 28 20 2 2 3 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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{
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{
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1632 (date written), John Donne, “To Sr. G. M.”, in John Donne [the Younger], editor, Letters to Severall Persons of Honour: […], London: […] J. Fletcher for Richard Marriot, […], published 1651, →OCLC, page 106:",
"text": "The Evangiles and Acts, teach us vvhat to beleeve, but the Epiſtles of the Apoſtles vvhat to do.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1695, [John Locke], The Reasonableness of Christianity, as Delivered in the Scriptures, London: […] Awnsham and John Churchil, […], →OCLC, page 190:",
"text": "[T]he Doctrine of Faith, and Myſtery of Salvation, vvas more fully explained, in the Epiſtles vvrit by the Apoſtles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1956 November, Werner Keller, “In the Steps of St. Paul”, in William Neil, transl., The Bible as History: Archaeology Confirms the Book of Books, London: Hodder & Stoughton, →OCLC, page 360:",
"text": "Even last century scholars had begun to search for the cities in Asia Minor whose names have become so familiar to the Christian world through the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles of St. Paul. Where were the places whose inhabitants received the famous Epistle to the Galatians?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-en:book",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"books",
"book#Noun"
],
[
"New Testament",
"New Testament"
],
[
"apostle",
"apostle"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"senseid": [
"en:book"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abostol"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "kirje"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Apostelbrief"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "levél"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "по̀сланица"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòslanica"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 61 32",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 18 28 28 1 1 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 17 25 27 2 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 14 24 21 4 4 5 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "2 16 16 28 28 2 2 2 2 2",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 17 17 27 22 3 3 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 16 16 23 18 4 4 4 4 4",
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"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1549 March 7, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, “The Supper of the Lorde, and the Holy Communion, Commonly Called the Masse”, in The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC, folio cxxij, verso:",
"text": "The Collectes ended, the prieſt, or he that is appointed, ſhall reade the Epiſtle, in a place aſſigned for the purpoſe, ſaying. The Epiſtle of ſainct Paule written in the [blank] Chapiter of [blank] to the.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1721, N[athan] Bailey, “EPISTLER”, in An Universal Etymological English Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Bell, J. Darby, […], →OCLC, column 2:",
"text": "EPISTLER, He vvho reads the Epiſtles in a Cathedral Church, &c.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-noun-ipbnJlSG",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"extract",
"extract#Noun"
],
[
"gospel",
"gospel#Noun"
],
[
"read",
"read#Verb"
],
[
"church service",
"church service"
],
[
"Eucharist",
"Eucharist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 1 39 59",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extract from a New Testament epistle or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service",
"word": "epistola"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 1 50 47",
"sense": "New Testament book, extract read during a church service",
"word": "Epistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "pistle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ألوكة"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "namak",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "նամակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epistel"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "episztola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "warkah"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "epistoła"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carta"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistolă"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "epistole"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litir"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "епѝстола"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "epìstola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "epistel"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "parso"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 38 38 11 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poslánnja",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ння"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "epistling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epistling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (third-person singular simple present epistles, present participle epistling, simple past and past participle epistled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 95:",
"text": "His braynes, his time, all hys maintenance and exhibition upon it he hath conſumed, and never intermitted, till ſuch time as he beganne to epiſtle it againſt mee, ſince which I have kept him a work indifferently.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-sEZDXeSH",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"write",
"write#Verb"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous) To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-VoBDtgjG",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous, archaic) To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"humorous",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]. Of that Sort of Dramatic Poem which is Call’d Tragedy.”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 4:",
"text": "And though antient Tragedy uſe no Prologue, yet uſing ſometimes, in caſe of ſelf defence, or explanation, that vvhich Martial calls an Epiſtle; in behalf of this Tragedy coming forth after the antient manner, much different from vvhat among us paſſes for beſt, thus much before-hand may be Epiſtl'd; that Chorus is here introduc'd after the Greek manner, not antient only but modern, and ſtill in uſe among the Italians.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-sA2bjgfK",
"links": [
[
"introduction",
"introduction"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(rare) To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 10 67 10 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje esipuheeksi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 66:",
"text": "Devinitie (the heaven of all artes) for a while drew his thoughts unto it; but ſhortly after the world, the fleſh, and the divell with-drewe him from that, and needes he would be of a more gentleman-like luſtie cut: whereupon hee fell to morrall epiſtling and poetrie.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-bVhI9sFK",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To write a letter."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"intransitive",
"literary"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 22 9 33 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write a letter to (someone); (intransitive) to communicate with someone through a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"id": "en-epistle-en-verb-yGrQlvoZ",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"intransitive",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 18 11 32 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter; (intransitive) to write a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *stel-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁epi",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl/3 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Catholic Epistle"
},
{
"word": "catholic epistle"
},
{
"word": "epistlar"
},
{
"word": "epistle lesson"
},
{
"word": "epistler"
},
{
"word": "epistle side"
},
{
"word": "epistoler"
},
{
"word": "Pastoral Epistle"
},
{
"word": "pastoral epistle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (plural epistles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "epistolarian"
},
{
"word": "epistolary"
},
{
"word": "epistolation"
},
{
"word": "epistolean"
},
{
"word": "epistolic"
},
{
"word": "epistolical"
},
{
"word": "epistolist"
},
{
"word": "epistolize"
},
{
"word": "epistolographer"
},
{
"word": "epistolographic"
},
{
"word": "epistolographist"
},
{
"word": "epistolography"
},
{
"word": "pistle"
},
{
"word": "open letter"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1608, Joseph Hall, “To the High and Mightie Prince, Henrie, Prince of Great Britaine, Sonne and Heyre Apparant to Our Soueraigne Lord, Iames, King of Great Brit. &c. All Glorie in Either World”, in Epistles […], volume I, London: […] H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Samuel Macham & E[leazar] Edgar […], →OCLC, 1st decade:",
"text": "[Y]our Grace ſhal herein perceiue a nevv faſhion of diſcourſe, by Epistles; nevv to our language, uſual to others: and (as Noueltie is neuer vvithout ſome plea of vſe) more free, more familiar.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, John Dryden, “To the Most Honourable John, Lord Marquess of Normanby, […]”, in Virgil, translated by John Dryden, The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page [156]:",
"text": "For in this Addreſs to your Lordſhip, I deſign not a Treatiſe of Heroick Poetry, but vvrite in a looſe Epiſtolary vvay, ſomevvhat tending to that Subject, after the Example of Horace, in his Firſt Epiſtle of the Second Book to Auguſtus Cæſar, and of that to the Piſo’s, vvhich vve call his Art of Poetry.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1714 November 21 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison?], “WEDNESDAY, November 10, 1714”, in The Spectator, number 618; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume VI, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC, page 477:",
"text": "But let our poet, while he writes epistles, though never so familiar, still remember that he writes in verse, and must for that reason have a more than ordinary care not to fall into prose and a vulgar diction, excepting where the nature and humour of the thing does necessarily require it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, [David Hume], “Essay III. Of the Connexion of Ideas.”, in Philosophical Essays Concerning Human Understanding, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 34:",
"text": "In all Compoſitions of Genius, therefore, 'tis requiſite that the VVriter have ſome Plan or Object; and tho' he may be hurry'd from this Plan by the Vehemence of Thought, as in an Ode, or drop it careleſly, as in an Epiſtle or Eſſay, there muſt appear ſome Aim or Intention, in his firſt ſetting out, if not in the Compoſition of the vvhole VVork.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters, especially one in verse."
],
"links": [
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"composition",
"composition"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
],
[
"series",
"series"
],
[
"verse",
"verse#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1536 (date written), Thomas More, “The Life of John Picus Erle of Myrandula, […]. Chapter IIII.”, in Wyllyam Rastell [i.e., William Rastell], editor, The Workes of Sir Thomas More Knyght, […], London: […] Iohn Cawod, Iohn Waly, and Richarde Tottell, published 30 April 1557, →OCLC, book III, page 15, column 1:",
"text": "After that John Frauncis [i.e., Giovanni Francesco Pico della Mirandola], the neuiew of Picꝰ [Picus], had (as it appeareth in the firſt epiſtle of Picus to him) begon a chaunge in his liuyng: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1569 (date written), Roger Ascham, “The First Booke for the Youth [Teachyng the Brynging vp of Youth]”, in Margaret Ascham, editor, The Scholemaster: Or Plaine and Perfite Way of Teaching Children, to Vnderstand, Write, and Speake, the Latin Tong, […], London: […] John Daye, […], published 1570, →OCLC, folio 25, verso:",
"text": "Plato alſo, that diuine Philoſopher, hath many Godly medicines agaynſt the poyſon of vayne pleaſure, in many places, but ſpecially in his Epistles to Dioniſius the tyrant of Sicilie: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 261, column 2:",
"text": "I vvill drop in his vvay ſome obſcure Epiſtles of loue, vvherein by the colour of his beard, the ſhape of his legge, the manner of his gate, the expreſſure of his eye, forehead, and complection, he ſhall finde himſelfe moſt feelingly perſonated.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1645 May 15 (Gregorian calendar), James Howell, “LXIII. To the Honourable Master Car. Ra.”, in Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ. Familiar Letters Domestic and Forren. […], 3rd edition, volume II, London: […] Humphrey Mos[e]ley, […], published 1655, →OCLC, section VI, page 373:",
"text": "[I]n publiſhing theſe Epiſtles at this Time, you pleaſe to ſay, That I have done like Hezekiah, vvhen he ſhevved his Treaſures to the Babylonians, that I have diſcovered my Riches to Thieves, vvho vvill bind me faſt and ſhare my Goods. To this I anſvver, that if thoſe innocent Letters (for I knovv none of them but is ſuch) fall among ſuch Thieves, they vvill have no great prize to carry avvay, it vvill be but petty larceny: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1781, Edward Gibbon, “Constantius Sole Emperor.— […]”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume II, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, footnote 12, page 129, column 1:",
"text": "The moſt authentic account of the education and adventures of Julian, is contained in the epiſtle or manifeſto vvhich he himſelf addreſſed to the ſenate and people of Athens.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXVIII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 232:",
"text": "At this moment his page entered with a packet. \"Lights!\" said Evelyn, carelessly—for, as our readers will have already divined, he was the melancholy soliloquist—\"I may as well read the Cardinal's epistle at once;—but I am no tool for his purpose.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1839, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], Richelieu; or, The Conspiracy: […], London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 26, line 24:",
"text": "Wide flew the doors, and lo, / Messire de Beringhen, and this epistle!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1914 September – 1915 May, Arthur Conan Doyle, “Epilogue”, in The Valley of Fear: A Sherlock Holmes Novel, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 27 February 1915, →OCLC, part II (The Scowrers), page 317:",
"text": "Then one morning there came an enigmatic note slipped into our letterbox. \"Dear me, Mr. Holmes. Dear me!\" said this singular epistle. There was neither superscription nor signature. I laughed at the quaint message; but Holmes showed unwonted seriousness.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “To the Most Orthodoxall and Reverent Corrector of Staring Haires, […], Don Richardo Barbarossa de Cæsario, […]”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 6:",
"text": "[I]n the Epiſtle Dedicatorie thereof to a great man of this land, whom he calls his verie right honourable good Lord, he recounteth his large bounties beſtowed upon him, and talkes of the ſecret favours which hee did him in his ſtudie or cloſet at court.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], “To the Right Worshipful John Offley of Madely Manor in the County of Stafford, Esq; My Most Honoured Friend”, in The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], →OCLC; reprinted as The Compleat Angler (Homo Ludens; 6), Nieuwkoop, South Holland, Netherlands: Miland Publishers, 1969, →ISBN:",
"text": "[L]eſt a longer Epiſtle may diminiſh your pleaſure, I ſhal not adventure to make this Epiſtle longer then to add this follovving truth, That I am really, Sir, Your moſt affectionate Friend, and moſt humble Servant, Iz[aak] Wa[lton].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#Adjective"
],
[
"issued",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"publicly",
"publicly"
],
[
"qualifying",
"qualifying#Adjective"
],
[
"word",
"word#Noun"
],
[
"dedicatory",
"dedicatory#Adjective"
],
[
"dedication",
"dedication"
],
[
"addressed",
"address#Verb"
],
[
"patron",
"patron#Noun"
],
[
"reader",
"reader"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.",
"(specifically, historical) Chiefly with a qualifying word, as in epistle dedicatory: a letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"humorous",
"literary",
"specifically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Christianity"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1632 (date written), John Donne, “To Sr. G. M.”, in John Donne [the Younger], editor, Letters to Severall Persons of Honour: […], London: […] J. Fletcher for Richard Marriot, […], published 1651, →OCLC, page 106:",
"text": "The Evangiles and Acts, teach us vvhat to beleeve, but the Epiſtles of the Apoſtles vvhat to do.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1695, [John Locke], The Reasonableness of Christianity, as Delivered in the Scriptures, London: […] Awnsham and John Churchil, […], →OCLC, page 190:",
"text": "[T]he Doctrine of Faith, and Myſtery of Salvation, vvas more fully explained, in the Epiſtles vvrit by the Apoſtles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1956 November, Werner Keller, “In the Steps of St. Paul”, in William Neil, transl., The Bible as History: Archaeology Confirms the Book of Books, London: Hodder & Stoughton, →OCLC, page 360:",
"text": "Even last century scholars had begun to search for the cities in Asia Minor whose names have become so familiar to the Christian world through the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles of St. Paul. Where were the places whose inhabitants received the famous Epistle to the Galatians?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"books",
"book#Noun"
],
[
"New Testament",
"New Testament"
],
[
"apostle",
"apostle"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Noun"
],
[
"community",
"community"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community."
],
"senseid": [
"en:book"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Christianity"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1549 March 7, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, “The Supper of the Lorde, and the Holy Communion, Commonly Called the Masse”, in The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC, folio cxxij, verso:",
"text": "The Collectes ended, the prieſt, or he that is appointed, ſhall reade the Epiſtle, in a place aſſigned for the purpoſe, ſaying. The Epiſtle of ſainct Paule written in the [blank] Chapiter of [blank] to the.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1721, N[athan] Bailey, “EPISTLER”, in An Universal Etymological English Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Bell, J. Darby, […], →OCLC, column 2:",
"text": "EPISTLER, He vvho reads the Epiſtles in a Cathedral Church, &c.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"extract",
"extract#Noun"
],
[
"gospel",
"gospel#Noun"
],
[
"read",
"read#Verb"
],
[
"church service",
"church service"
],
[
"Eucharist",
"Eucharist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity)",
"An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "New Testament book, extract read during a church service",
"word": "Epistle"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "pistle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "literary composition in the form of a letter or series of letters",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ألوكة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "namak",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "նամակ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epistel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "episztola"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "warkah"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "epistoła"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carta"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistolă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "epistole"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litir"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "епѝстола"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "epìstola"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "epistel"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"word": "parso"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poslánnja",
"sense": "letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ння"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter of dedication addressed to a patron or reader published as a preface to a literary work",
"word": "kirje esipuheena"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "risāla",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رِسَالَة"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ʾigārta",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "ܐܸܓܲܪܬܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abostol"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Epístola"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epištola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "kirje"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épître"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épitre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Apostelbrief"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistolí",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιστολή"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "igéret",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִגֶּרֶת"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"word": "levél"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epistola"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poslanie",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "послание"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poslánije",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "посла́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "по̀сланица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòslanica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epístola"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extract from a New Testament epistle or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service",
"word": "epistola"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *stel-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁epi",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl/3 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "epistling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁epi"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁epi",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "epistel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English epistel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "epistol"
},
"expansion": "Old English epistol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola",
"t": "letter, epistle; literary work in letter form"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "epistola",
"t": "one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἐπῐστολή",
"t": "letter; message"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁epi",
"t": "at; near; on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stel-",
"t": "to locate; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "epistle"
},
"expansion": "Middle French epistle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "épître"
},
"expansion": "French épître",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "epistola"
},
"expansion": "Latin epistola",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁epi\nThe noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:\n* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and\n* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epistles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epistling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "epistled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "epistle (third-person singular simple present epistles, present participle epistling, simple past and past participle epistled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"epis‧tle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 95:",
"text": "His braynes, his time, all hys maintenance and exhibition upon it he hath conſumed, and never intermitted, till ſuch time as he beganne to epiſtle it againſt mee, ſince which I have kept him a work indifferently.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"write",
"write#Verb"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"letter",
"letter#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous) To write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly literary or humorous, archaic) To write a letter to (someone)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"humorous",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]. Of that Sort of Dramatic Poem which is Call’d Tragedy.”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 4:",
"text": "And though antient Tragedy uſe no Prologue, yet uſing ſometimes, in caſe of ſelf defence, or explanation, that vvhich Martial calls an Epiſtle; in behalf of this Tragedy coming forth after the antient manner, much different from vvhat among us paſſes for beſt, thus much before-hand may be Epiſtl'd; that Chorus is here introduc'd after the Greek manner, not antient only but modern, and ſtill in uſe among the Italians.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"links": [
[
"introduction",
"introduction"
],
[
"preface",
"preface#Noun"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"work",
"work#Noun"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(rare) To write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; also, to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 66:",
"text": "Devinitie (the heaven of all artes) for a while drew his thoughts unto it; but ſhortly after the world, the fleſh, and the divell with-drewe him from that, and needes he would be of a more gentleman-like luſtie cut: whereupon hee fell to morrall epiſtling and poetrie.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write a letter."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To write a letter."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"intransitive",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, chiefly literary or humorous)",
"To communicate with someone through a letter."
],
"tags": [
"humorous",
"intransitive",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪsl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-epistle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg/En-us-epistle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/En-us-epistle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) in, or in the form of, a letter; (intransitive) to write a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write a letter to (someone); (intransitive) to communicate with someone through a letter",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to write (something) as an introduction or preface to a literary work; to provide (a literary work) with an introduction or preface",
"word": "kirjoittaa kirje esipuheeksi"
}
],
"word": "epistle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for epistle meaning in English (40.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.