"beleaguer" meaning in English

See beleaguer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /bɪˈliː.ɡə/ [UK], /bəˈliː.ɡə/ [UK], /bɪˈli.ɡɚ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav Forms: beleaguers [present, singular, third-person], beleaguering [participle, present], beleaguered [participle, past], beleaguered [past]
Rhymes: -iːɡə(ɹ) Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch belegeren and/or Middle Low German belēgeren; equivalent to be- + lair. Compare also German belagern, Danish belejre. The English spelling was perhaps influenced by unrelated league. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|nl|belegeren}} Dutch belegeren, {{bor|en|gml|belēgeren}} Middle Low German belēgeren, {{prefix|en|be|lair}} be- + lair, {{cog|de|belagern}} German belagern, {{cog|da|belejre}} Danish belejre Head templates: {{en-verb}} beleaguer (third-person singular simple present beleaguers, present participle beleaguering, simple past and past participle beleaguered)
  1. To besiege; to surround with troops. Translations (to besiege; to surround with troops): պաշարել (pašarel) (Armenian), շրջապատել (šrǰapatel) (Armenian), обсаждам (obsaždam) (Bulgarian), 圍攻 (Chinese Mandarin), 围攻 (wéigōng) (Chinese Mandarin), 包圍 (Chinese Mandarin), 包围 (bāowéi) (Chinese Mandarin), obléhat (Czech), oblehnout (Czech), belegeren (Dutch), piirittää (Finnish), investir (French), assiéger (French), ალყის შემორტყმა (alq̇is šemorṭq̇ma) (Georgian), ალყაში მოქცევა (alq̇aši mokceva) (Georgian), ალყა (alq̇a) (Georgian), belagern (German), umzingeln (German), қоршап алу (qorşap alu) (Kazakh), қоршап қамау (qorşap qamau) (Kazakh), қоршау (qorşau) (Kazakh), omleire (Norwegian Nynorsk), oblegać [imperfective] (Polish), oblec [perfective] (Polish), obsadzać [imperfective] (Polish), obsadzić [perfective] (Polish), obstępować [imperfective] (Polish), obstąpić [perfective] (Polish), sitiar (Portuguese), împresura (Romanian), încercui (Romanian), asedia (Romanian), înconjura (Romanian), осажда́ть (osaždátʹ) (Russian), окружа́ть (okružátʹ) (Russian), sitiar (Spanish), asediar (Spanish), cercar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-beleaguer-en-verb-5dIz4JR0 Categories (other): English terms prefixed with be- Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with be-: 35 30 35 Disambiguation of 'to besiege; to surround with troops': 95 4 1
  2. To vex, harass, or beset. Translations (to vex, harass, or beset): անհանգստացնել (anhangstacʻnel) (Armenian), 糾纏 (Chinese Mandarin), 纠缠 (jiūchán) (Chinese Mandarin), 騷擾 (Chinese Mandarin), 骚扰 (sāorǎo) (Chinese Mandarin), obtěžovat (Czech), belagen (Dutch), kiusata (Finnish), bedrängen (German), belästigen (German), stören (German), necăji (Romanian), irita (Romanian), supăra (Romanian), sâcâi (Romanian), беспоко́ить (bespokóitʹ) (Russian), осажда́ть (osaždátʹ) (Russian), hostigar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-beleaguer-en-verb-fkFnUUO9 Categories (other): English terms prefixed with be- Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with be-: 35 30 35 Disambiguation of 'to vex, harass, or beset': 4 94 1
  3. To exhaust.
    Sense id: en-beleaguer-en-verb-4qQkI5u8 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with be-, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Norwegian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 24 17 59 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with be-: 35 30 35 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 22 21 57 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 19 19 63 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 13 13 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 13 20 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 13 21 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 13 19 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 17 18 65 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 13 20 67 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 17 17 65 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 13 20 67 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 13 14 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 13 20 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 16 11 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 4 6 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian translations: 13 20 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 16 22 61 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 13 19 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 13 20 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 13 13 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 12 12 76
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: beleagure Derived forms: beleaguerer, beleaguerment

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "beleaguerer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "beleaguerment"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "belegeren"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch belegeren",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "belēgeren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German belēgeren",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "be",
        "3": "lair"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + lair",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "belagern"
      },
      "expansion": "German belagern",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "belejre"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish belejre",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch belegeren and/or Middle Low German belēgeren; equivalent to be- + lair. Compare also German belagern, Danish belejre. The English spelling was perhaps influenced by unrelated league.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "beleaguers",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beleaguering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beleaguered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beleaguered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "beleaguer (third-person singular simple present beleaguers, present participle beleaguering, simple past and past participle beleaguered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with be-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1838 October, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “The Beleaguered City”, in Voices of the Night, Cambridge, Mass.: […] John Owen, published 1839, →OCLC, stanzas 1–2, page 22:",
          "text": "I have read in some old marvellous tale, / Some legend strange and vague, / That a midnight host of spectres pale / Beleaguered the walls of Prague. // Beside the Moldau's rushing stream, / With the wan moon overhead, / There stood, as in an awful dream, / The army of the dead.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To besiege; to surround with troops."
      ],
      "id": "en-beleaguer-en-verb-5dIz4JR0",
      "links": [
        [
          "besiege",
          "besiege"
        ],
        [
          "surround",
          "surround#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "troops",
          "troops"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "pašarel",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "պաշարել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "šrǰapatel",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "շրջապատել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "obsaždam",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "обсаждам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "圍攻"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "wéigōng",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "围攻"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "包圍"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "bāowéi",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "包围"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "obléhat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "oblehnout"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "belegeren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "piirittää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "investir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "assiéger"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "alq̇is šemorṭq̇ma",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "ალყის შემორტყმა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "alq̇aši mokceva",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "ალყაში მოქცევა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "alq̇a",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "ალყა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "belagern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "umzingeln"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "qorşap alu",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "қоршап алу"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "qorşap qamau",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "қоршап қамау"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "qorşau",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "қоршау"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "omleire"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "oblegać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "oblec"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "obsadzać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obsadzić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "obstępować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obstąpić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "sitiar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "împresura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "încercui"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "asedia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "înconjura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "osaždátʹ",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "осажда́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "okružátʹ",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "окружа́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "sitiar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "asediar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
          "word": "cercar"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with be-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To vex, harass, or beset."
      ],
      "id": "en-beleaguer-en-verb-fkFnUUO9",
      "links": [
        [
          "vex",
          "vex"
        ],
        [
          "harass",
          "harass"
        ],
        [
          "beset",
          "beset"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "anhangstacʻnel",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "անհանգստացնել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "糾纏"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jiūchán",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "纠缠"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "騷擾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "sāorǎo",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "骚扰"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "obtěžovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "belagen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "kiusata"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "bedrängen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "belästigen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "stören"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "necăji"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "irita"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "supăra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "sâcâi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bespokóitʹ",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "беспоко́ить"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "osaždátʹ",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "осажда́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 94 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
          "word": "hostigar"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 17 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with be-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 21 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 20 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 21 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 19 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 18 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 20 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 20 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "_dis": "13 14 74",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 20 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 11 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 6 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 20 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 22 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 19 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 20 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To exhaust."
      ],
      "id": "en-beleaguer-en-verb-4qQkI5u8",
      "links": [
        [
          "exhaust",
          "exhaust"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈliː.ɡə/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bəˈliː.ɡə/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈli.ɡɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːɡə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "beleagure"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beleaguer"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms borrowed from Dutch",
    "English terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
    "English terms derived from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "English terms prefixed with be-",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
    "Rhymes:English/iːɡə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/iːɡə(ɹ)/3 syllables",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "beleaguerer"
    },
    {
      "word": "beleaguerment"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "belegeren"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch belegeren",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "belēgeren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German belēgeren",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "be",
        "3": "lair"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + lair",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "belagern"
      },
      "expansion": "German belagern",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "belejre"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish belejre",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch belegeren and/or Middle Low German belēgeren; equivalent to be- + lair. Compare also German belagern, Danish belejre. The English spelling was perhaps influenced by unrelated league.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "beleaguers",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beleaguering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beleaguered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beleaguered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "beleaguer (third-person singular simple present beleaguers, present participle beleaguering, simple past and past participle beleaguered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1838 October, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “The Beleaguered City”, in Voices of the Night, Cambridge, Mass.: […] John Owen, published 1839, →OCLC, stanzas 1–2, page 22:",
          "text": "I have read in some old marvellous tale, / Some legend strange and vague, / That a midnight host of spectres pale / Beleaguered the walls of Prague. // Beside the Moldau's rushing stream, / With the wan moon overhead, / There stood, as in an awful dream, / The army of the dead.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To besiege; to surround with troops."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "besiege",
          "besiege"
        ],
        [
          "surround",
          "surround#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "troops",
          "troops"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To vex, harass, or beset."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vex",
          "vex"
        ],
        [
          "harass",
          "harass"
        ],
        [
          "beset",
          "beset"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To exhaust."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "exhaust",
          "exhaust"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈliː.ɡə/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bəˈliː.ɡə/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beleaguer.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈli.ɡɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːɡə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "beleagure"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "pašarel",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "պաշարել"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "šrǰapatel",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "շրջապատել"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "obsaždam",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "обсаждам"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "圍攻"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "wéigōng",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "围攻"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "包圍"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "bāowéi",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "包围"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "obléhat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "oblehnout"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "belegeren"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "piirittää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "investir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "assiéger"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "alq̇is šemorṭq̇ma",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "ალყის შემორტყმა"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "alq̇aši mokceva",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "ალყაში მოქცევა"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "alq̇a",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "ალყა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "belagern"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "umzingeln"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "qorşap alu",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "қоршап алу"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "qorşap qamau",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "қоршап қамау"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "qorşau",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "қоршау"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "omleire"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "oblegać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "oblec"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "obsadzać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "obsadzić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "obstępować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "obstąpić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "sitiar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "împresura"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "încercui"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "asedia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "înconjura"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "osaždátʹ",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "осажда́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "okružátʹ",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "окружа́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "sitiar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "asediar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to besiege; to surround with troops",
      "word": "cercar"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "anhangstacʻnel",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "անհանգստացնել"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "糾纏"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jiūchán",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "纠缠"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "騷擾"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "sāorǎo",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "骚扰"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "obtěžovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "belagen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "kiusata"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "bedrängen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "belästigen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "stören"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "necăji"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "irita"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "supăra"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "sâcâi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bespokóitʹ",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "беспоко́ить"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "osaždátʹ",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "осажда́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to vex, harass, or beset",
      "word": "hostigar"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beleaguer"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.