See abrasive in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"_dis1": "0 0",
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"forms": [
{
"form": "more abrasive",
"tags": [
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"date": "First attested in 1805.",
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],
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"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "iztǎrkvašt",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "изтъркващ"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "iztrivašt",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "изтриващ"
},
{
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"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "abraziven",
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"word": "abrasiu"
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "schurend"
},
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"code": "fi",
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"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "hankaava"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "hiova"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasif"
},
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
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"word": "abrasivo"
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasiv"
},
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"_dis1": "85 15",
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "érdes"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "csiszoló"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "dörzsölő"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "koptató"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "hu",
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "durva"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "hu",
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"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "dörzs-"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "ścierny"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ro",
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abraziv"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ru",
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"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "abrazívnyj",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "абрази́вный"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "šlifújuščij",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "шлифу́ющий"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "ȁbrazīvan"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "а̏бразӣван"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "es",
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"lang_code": "es",
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"word": "abrasivo"
},
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"_dis1": "85 15",
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "alisador"
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"_dis1": "85 15",
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"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "slipande"
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"date": "First attested in 1925.",
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67,
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"ref": "1978, Richard Nixon, RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon, Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 570:",
"text": "The women of the movement, it struck me, were more humorless and more single-minded in their total dedication to the ideology than were the men. In fact, Chiang Ching was unpleasantly abrasive and aggressive. At one point that evening she turned to me and in a challenging voice asked, \"Why did you not come to China before now?\" Since the ballet was in progress at the time, I did not respond.",
"type": "quotation"
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"word": "cutting"
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"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "nl",
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"lang_code": "nl",
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"word": "irritant"
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"word": "irriterend"
},
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"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "nl",
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"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "ruw"
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{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "fi",
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"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "karski"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "karkea"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "rude"
},
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"_dis1": "6 94",
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"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "schroff"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "rauh"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "trachýs",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "τραχύς"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "goromba"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "nyers"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "durva"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "ساینده"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "szorstki"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "zajèdljiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "oštra jezika"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "irritante"
}
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}
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"glosses": [
"A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing."
],
"id": "en-abrasive-en-noun-qn3xxIWm",
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[
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[
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[
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[
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "abraziv",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "абразив"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "schuurmiddel"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "slijpmiddel"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "hankausaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "hioma-aine"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "abrasif"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "Schleifmittel"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolóanyag"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolópapír"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolópor"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolóvászon"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "سمباده"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "abrasivo"
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{
"_dis1": "80 20",
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"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "abrazív",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "абрази́в"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
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"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alisador"
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{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "abrasivmedel"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "abrazýv",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абрази́в"
}
]
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{
"_dis": "29 16 35 20",
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],
"id": "en-abrasive-en-noun-FQWdA~Z8",
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"Terms with Galician translations",
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"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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"derived": [
{
"word": "abrasive blasting"
},
{
"word": "abrasive disc"
},
{
"word": "abrasively"
},
{
"word": "abrasiveness"
},
{
"word": "abrasive paper"
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{
"word": "airbrasive"
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{
"word": "dermabrasive"
},
{
"word": "microabrasive"
},
{
"word": "nonabrasive"
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{
"word": "non-abrasive"
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{
"word": "unabrasive"
}
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],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin abrāsīvus",
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{
"form": "more abrasive",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most abrasive",
"tags": [
"superlative"
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],
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"Producing abrasion; rough enough to wear away the outer surface."
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{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "First attested in 1925.",
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"English terms with usage examples"
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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3,
11
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],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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67,
75
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],
"text": "Despite her proper upbringing, we found her manners to be terribly abrasive.",
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{
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184,
192
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],
"ref": "1978, Richard Nixon, RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon, Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 570:",
"text": "The women of the movement, it struck me, were more humorless and more single-minded in their total dedication to the ideology than were the men. In fact, Chiang Ching was unpleasantly abrasive and aggressive. At one point that evening she turned to me and in a challenging voice asked, \"Why did you not come to China before now?\" Since the ballet was in progress at the time, I did not respond.",
"type": "quotation"
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],
"glosses": [
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"word": "cutting"
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"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
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"word": "изтъркващ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "iztrivašt",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "изтриващ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "abraziven",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "абразивен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasiu"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "schurend"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "hankaava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "hiova"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasif"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasiv"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "érdes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "csiszoló"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "dörzsölő"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "koptató"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "durva"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "dörzs-"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasiu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "ścierny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abraziv"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "abrazívnyj",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "абрази́вный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "šlifújuščij",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "шлифу́ющий"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "ȁbrazīvan"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "а̏бразӣван"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "alisador"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "producing abrasion; rough",
"word": "slipande"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "irritant"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "irriterend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "ruw"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "karski"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "karkea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "rude"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "schroff"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "rauh"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "trachýs",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "τραχύς"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "goromba"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "nyers"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "durva"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "ساینده"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "szorstki"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "zajèdljiv"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "oštra jezika"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "brusco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rough and coarse in manner or disposition",
"word": "irritante"
}
],
"word": "abrasive"
}
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"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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"links": [
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"translations": [
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"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "abraziv",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "абразив"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schuurmiddel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "slijpmiddel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "hankausaine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "hioma-aine"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "abrasif"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "Schleifmittel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolóanyag"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolópapír"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolópor"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "csiszolóvászon"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "سمباده"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "abrazív",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абрази́в"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abrasivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alisador"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"word": "abrasivmedel"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "abrazýv",
"sense": "substance used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абрази́в"
}
],
"word": "abrasive"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abrasive meaning in English (15.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.