See ablaut in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ablaut meaning in English (18.6kB)
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"args": {
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"2": "de",
"3": "Ablaut",
"gloss": "sound gradation"
},
"expansion": "German Ablaut (“sound gradation”)",
"name": "borrowed"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”). Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ablauts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "ablaut (countable and uncountable, plural ablauts)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧lowt"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Phonology",
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"derived": [
{
"word": "ablauting"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel."
],
"id": "en-ablaut-en-noun-LmAHamLP",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"substitution",
"substitution"
],
[
"modification",
"modification"
],
[
"permutation",
"permutation"
],
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "umlaut"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alternation"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "jayndarj",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ձայնդարձ"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kmenostup"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "střída"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "aflyd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klankwisseling"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klinkerwisseling"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "avljóð"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "äännevaihtelu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apophonie"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ablauṭi",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "აბლაუტი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ablaut (Vokalabstufung f)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metáptosi",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μετάπτωση"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "tőhangváltás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "tőhangváltozás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "hangmásulás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "apofónia"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "tőhangzóváltozás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "fokváltakozás"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "hljóðskipti"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablabht"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grádaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonia"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "mo'eum jeonhwan",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "모음 전환"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablauts"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "abliautas"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przegłos"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alternacja"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abláut",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абла́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abljáut",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абля́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "apofoníja",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "апофони́я"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "а̀блаут"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ekavian",
"Ijekavian",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пре́вој"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ijekavian",
"masculine"
],
"word": "прије́вој"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "àblaut"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Ekavian",
"Ijekavian",
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "prévoj"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Ijekavian",
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "prijévoj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "avljud"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑpˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
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],
"wikipedia": [
"Indo-European ablaut"
],
"word": "ablaut"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "unablauted"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”). Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ablauts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ablauting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ablauted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ablauted",
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}
],
"head_templates": [
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"expansion": "ablaut (third-person singular simple present ablauts, present participle ablauting, simple past and past participle ablauted)",
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],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧lowt"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1983, Stephanie W. Jamison, Function and Form in the -áya-formations of the Rig Veda and ..., page 209",
"text": "This root must once have ablauted, given the associated nominal derivatives prthii- 'broad', prthivl- 'earth'. However, it does not ablaut at all in its verbal forms.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1985, Michael E. Krauss, Yupik Eskimo prosodic systems: descriptive and comparative studies, page 241",
"text": "What we find is that one cannot predict which members of V a given member of E will cause to ablaut",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Felix K. Ameka, Alan Charles Dench, Nicholas Evans, Catching language: the standing challenge of grammar writing, page 536",
"text": "It is these co-opted verbs that tend to ablaut variably in the different Dakotan dialects and that forced morphological restructuring",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Bernard Comrie, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas: A Typological Overview, page 219",
"text": "This allomorph also causes the back vowel to ablaut to a low vowel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To undergo a change of vowel."
],
"id": "en-ablaut-en-verb-08hl6G4f",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, linguistics, of a vowel-containing linguistic component) To undergo a change of vowel."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a vowel-containing linguistic component"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
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"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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"_dis": "45 18 37",
"kind": "other",
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],
"glosses": [
"To cause to change a vowel."
],
"id": "en-ablaut-en-verb--JnP6I42",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, linguistics) To cause to change a vowel."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑpˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
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},
{
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},
{
"audio": "en-ca-ablaut.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-ca-ablaut.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Indo-European ablaut"
],
"word": "ablaut"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ablauting"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "de",
"3": "Ablaut",
"gloss": "sound gradation"
},
"expansion": "German Ablaut (“sound gradation”)",
"name": "borrowed"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”). Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ablauts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "ablaut (countable and uncountable, plural ablauts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧lowt"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "umlaut"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Phonology"
],
"glosses": [
"The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel."
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"substitution",
"substitution"
],
[
"modification",
"modification"
],
[
"permutation",
"permutation"
],
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alternation"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑpˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
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},
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-ca-ablaut.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "jayndarj",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ձայնդարձ"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kmenostup"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "střída"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "aflyd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klankwisseling"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klinkerwisseling"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "avljóð"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "äännevaihtelu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apophonie"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ablauṭi",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "აბლაუტი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ablaut (Vokalabstufung f)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metáptosi",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μετάπτωση"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "tőhangváltás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "tőhangváltozás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "hangmásulás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "apofónia"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "tőhangzóváltozás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "fokváltakozás"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "hljóðskipti"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablabht"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grádaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonia"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "mo'eum jeonhwan",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "모음 전환"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "ablauts"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"word": "abliautas"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przegłos"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alternacja"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ablaut"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abláut",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абла́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abljáut",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абля́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "apofoníja",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "апофони́я"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "а̀блаут"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ekavian",
"Ijekavian",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пре́вој"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Ijekavian",
"masculine"
],
"word": "прије́вој"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "àblaut"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Ekavian",
"Ijekavian",
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "prévoj"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"Ijekavian",
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "prijévoj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apofonía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "substitution of one root vowel for another",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "avljud"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Indo-European ablaut"
],
"word": "ablaut"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "unablauted"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "de",
"3": "Ablaut",
"gloss": "sound gradation"
},
"expansion": "German Ablaut (“sound gradation”)",
"name": "borrowed"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”). Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ablauts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ablauting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ablauted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ablauted",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "ablaut (third-person singular simple present ablauts, present participle ablauting, simple past and past participle ablauted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧lowt"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1983, Stephanie W. Jamison, Function and Form in the -áya-formations of the Rig Veda and ..., page 209",
"text": "This root must once have ablauted, given the associated nominal derivatives prthii- 'broad', prthivl- 'earth'. However, it does not ablaut at all in its verbal forms.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1985, Michael E. Krauss, Yupik Eskimo prosodic systems: descriptive and comparative studies, page 241",
"text": "What we find is that one cannot predict which members of V a given member of E will cause to ablaut",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Felix K. Ameka, Alan Charles Dench, Nicholas Evans, Catching language: the standing challenge of grammar writing, page 536",
"text": "It is these co-opted verbs that tend to ablaut variably in the different Dakotan dialects and that forced morphological restructuring",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Bernard Comrie, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas: A Typological Overview, page 219",
"text": "This allomorph also causes the back vowel to ablaut to a low vowel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To undergo a change of vowel."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, linguistics, of a vowel-containing linguistic component) To undergo a change of vowel."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a vowel-containing linguistic component"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to change a vowel."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, linguistics) To cause to change a vowel."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑpˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ablaut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ablaut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ablaut.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ablaut2.wav",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ablaut2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ablaut2.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-ablaut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-ca-ablaut.ogg/En-ca-ablaut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-ca-ablaut.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Indo-European ablaut"
],
"word": "ablaut"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.