See vilain on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jeu de main, jeu de vilain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "oignez vilain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "il vous poindra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "poignez vilain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "il vous oindra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "super-vilain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French vilain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French vilain",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French vilain, vilein, villein, from Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla. Not related to vil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilains",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilaine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "vilain m (plural vilains, feminine vilaine)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"villain"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fr-noun-rQZLqnhW",
"links": [
[
"villain",
"villain"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 2 4 4 1 14 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 2 7 5 0 12 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"peasant"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fr-noun-dXmC13c4",
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 2 4 4 1 14 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 2 7 5 0 12 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 2 4 3 0 8 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"country dweller"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fr-noun-vmXoW3dX",
"links": [
[
"country dweller",
"country dweller"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛ̃/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛn‿/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-vilain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg/Fr-vilain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "vilains"
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "la curiosité est un vilain défaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vilain petit canard"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French vilain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French vilain",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French vilain, vilein, villein, from Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla. Not related to vil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilaine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "vilains",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilaines",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vilain (feminine vilaine, masculine plural vilains, feminine plural vilaines)",
"name": "fr-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ville"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "beau"
},
{
"word": "joli"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 2 4 4 1 14 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 2 7 5 0 12 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 2 4 3 0 8 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 3 2 2 0 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "fr:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an ugly color",
"text": "une vilaine couleur",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an ugly voice",
"text": "une vilaine voix",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ugly"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fr-adj-ct4nWsC0",
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "laid"
},
{
"word": "moche"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The weather is awful.",
"text": "Il fait vilain.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Curiosity killed the cat.",
"text": "La curiosité est un vilain défaut.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disagreeable, awful"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fr-adj-vwpTFA3C",
"links": [
[
"disagreeable",
"disagreeable"
],
[
"awful",
"awful"
]
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "gentil"
},
{
"word": "sage"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "naughty children",
"text": "de vilains enfants",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"naughty"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fr-adj-EYARvvbG",
"links": [
[
"naughty",
"naughty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mauvais"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "wicked deeds",
"text": "de vilaines actions",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a bad fever",
"text": "une vilaine fièvre",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She's got a nasty cold.",
"text": "Elle a un vilain rhume.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He played a dirty trick on me.",
"text": "Il m’a joué un vilain tour.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"villainous, wicked, nasty, evil"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fr-adj-3vo7zeZm",
"links": [
[
"villainous",
"villainous"
],
[
"wicked",
"wicked"
],
[
"nasty",
"nasty"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cruel"
},
{
"word": "dangereux"
},
{
"word": "mauvais"
},
{
"word": "méchant"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛ̃/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛn‿/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-vilain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg/Fr-vilain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "vilains"
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Old French vilain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French vilain, from Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "vilaine",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "vilains",
"15": "",
"16": "vilaines",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{f2}}}s",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "vilains",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f3accel-form": "m|s",
"f4accel-form": "f|s",
"f6accel-form": "m|p",
"f7accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vilain m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vilain m",
"name": "nrf-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jersey Norman",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ugly"
],
"id": "en-vilain-nrm-adj-ct4nWsC0",
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jersey) ugly"
],
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "French: vilain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: vilain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Norman: vilain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: vilain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "vilein",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: vilein",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: vilein"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "villain"
},
"expansion": "English: villain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: villain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilain oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "vilainz",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilainz",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vilain",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "villein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "vilain oblique singular, m (oblique plural vilainz, nominative singular vilainz, nominative plural vilain)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "People",
"orig": "fro:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"peasant; commoner"
],
"id": "en-vilain-fro-noun-KwuT2t9-",
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
],
[
"commoner",
"commoner"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "païsan"
}
]
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French dated terms",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "jeu de main, jeu de vilain"
},
{
"word": "oignez vilain"
},
{
"word": "il vous poindra"
},
{
"word": "poignez vilain"
},
{
"word": "il vous oindra"
},
{
"word": "super-vilain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French vilain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French vilain",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French vilain, vilein, villein, from Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla. Not related to vil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilains",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilaine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "vilain m (plural vilains, feminine vilaine)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"villain"
],
"links": [
[
"villain",
"villain"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"peasant"
],
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"country dweller"
],
"links": [
[
"country dweller",
"country dweller"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛ̃/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛn‿/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-vilain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg/Fr-vilain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "vilains"
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French dated terms",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "la curiosité est un vilain défaut"
},
{
"word": "vilain petit canard"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French vilain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French vilain",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French vilain, vilein, villein, from Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla. Not related to vil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilaine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "vilains",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilaines",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vilain (feminine vilaine, masculine plural vilains, feminine plural vilaines)",
"name": "fr-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "ville"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "beau"
},
{
"word": "joli"
}
],
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an ugly color",
"text": "une vilaine couleur",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an ugly voice",
"text": "une vilaine voix",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ugly"
],
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "laid"
},
{
"word": "moche"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The weather is awful.",
"text": "Il fait vilain.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Curiosity killed the cat.",
"text": "La curiosité est un vilain défaut.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disagreeable, awful"
],
"links": [
[
"disagreeable",
"disagreeable"
],
[
"awful",
"awful"
]
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "gentil"
},
{
"word": "sage"
}
],
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "naughty children",
"text": "de vilains enfants",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"naughty"
],
"links": [
[
"naughty",
"naughty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mauvais"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "wicked deeds",
"text": "de vilaines actions",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a bad fever",
"text": "une vilaine fièvre",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She's got a nasty cold.",
"text": "Elle a un vilain rhume.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He played a dirty trick on me.",
"text": "Il m’a joué un vilain tour.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"villainous, wicked, nasty, evil"
],
"links": [
[
"villainous",
"villainous"
],
[
"wicked",
"wicked"
],
[
"nasty",
"nasty"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cruel"
},
{
"word": "dangereux"
},
{
"word": "mauvais"
},
{
"word": "méchant"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛ̃/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vi.lɛn‿/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-vilain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg/Fr-vilain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Fr-vilain.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "vilains"
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Old French vilain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French vilain, from Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "vilaine",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "vilains",
"15": "",
"16": "vilaines",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{f2}}}s",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "vilains",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f3accel-form": "m|s",
"f4accel-form": "f|s",
"f6accel-form": "m|p",
"f7accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vilain m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vilain m",
"name": "nrf-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Jersey Norman",
"Norman adjectives",
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman terms derived from Late Latin",
"Norman terms derived from Latin",
"Norman terms derived from Old French",
"Norman terms inherited from Late Latin",
"Norman terms inherited from Latin",
"Norman terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"ugly"
],
"links": [
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jersey) ugly"
],
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "French: vilain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: vilain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "vilain"
},
"expansion": "Norman: vilain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: vilain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "vilein",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: vilein",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: vilein"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "villain"
},
"expansion": "English: villain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: villain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīllānus",
"4": "",
"5": "farm worker"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "vīlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin vīlla",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin vīllānus (“farm worker”), from Latin vīlla.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilain oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "vilainz",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilainz",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vilain",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vilein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "villein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "vilain oblique singular, m (oblique plural vilainz, nominative singular vilainz, nominative plural vilain)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Late Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fro:People"
],
"glosses": [
"peasant; commoner"
],
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
],
[
"commoner",
"commoner"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "païsan"
}
],
"word": "vilain"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vilain meaning in All languages combined (10.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'vilain oblique singular or', originally 'vilain oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"vilain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vilain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'vilain oblique singular or', originally 'vilain oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"vilain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vilain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'vilain oblique singular or' in 'vilain oblique singular, m (oblique plural vilainz, nominative singular vilainz, nominative plural vilain)'",
"path": [
"vilain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vilain",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.