See vaina on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vaina meaning in All languages combined (14.8kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bxf",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "vaina",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bilur",
"lang_code": "bxf",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bilur entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"woman"
],
"id": "en-vaina-bxf-noun-zy5b~x7w",
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
]
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "la",
"3": "vēna"
},
"expansion": "Latin vēna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "avaina"
},
"expansion": "Romansch avaina",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vena"
},
"expansion": "Italian vena",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "vână"
},
"expansion": "Romanian vână",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "veine"
},
"expansion": "French veine",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vēna. Compare Romansch avaina, Italian vena, Romanian vână, French veine.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "vaina f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dalmatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vein"
],
"id": "en-vaina-dlm-noun-CZ1nvweA",
"links": [
[
"vein",
"vein"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈβaina/"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaininieks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaininiece"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vainot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vainoties"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wei-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wai-"
},
"expansion": "*wai-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, go ahead; to be strong"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vainóti",
"3": "",
"4": "to criticize, to scold"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vaina",
"3": "",
"4": "error, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "etwinūt",
"3": "",
"4": "to blame"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "вина́"
},
"expansion": "вина́ (viná)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "віна́",
"3": "",
"4": "fault, guilt, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-, *wai- (with an added suffix -nā-), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”).\nCognates include Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”) (compare archaic Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)), Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”) (maybe a borrowing from Slavic), Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian вина́ (viná), Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vaina f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "vaina f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vaina",
"10": "vainām",
"11": "vainā",
"12": "vainās",
"13": "vaina",
"14": "vainas",
"16": "",
"2": "vainas",
"3": "vainu",
"4": "vainas",
"5": "vainas",
"6": "vainu",
"7": "vainai",
"8": "vainām",
"9": "vainu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "proven guilt",
"text": "pierādīta vaina",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "awareness of guilt",
"text": "vainas apziņa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be unaware of, not acknowledge one's guilt",
"text": "neapzināties savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to plead guilty",
"text": "atzīt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to deny one's guilt, to plead not guilty",
"text": "noliegt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "mitigating circumstances",
"text": "vainu mīkstinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "aggravating circumstances",
"text": "vainu pastiprinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be to blame",
"text": "būt pie vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt (an offense punishable according to the law; behavior or conduct with bad consequences)"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-MEIutQbl",
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"offense",
"offense#English"
],
[
"punishable",
"punishable#English"
],
[
"according",
"according#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"behavior",
"behavior#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"bad",
"bad#English"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "his work is without flaw",
"text": "viņa darbs ir bez vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this is a small flaw!",
"text": "tā ir maza vaina!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this fabric has no flaw",
"text": "šai drānai nav nekādas vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "what is the problem with the suit?",
"text": "kas uzvalkam vaina?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the machine has some problem, it doesn't work",
"text": "aparātam ir kāda vaina, ka tas nedarbojas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"defect, imperfection, flaw, fault"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-4FxMNWgc",
"links": [
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"imperfection",
"imperfection"
],
[
"flaw",
"flaw"
],
[
"fault",
"fault"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 8 46 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 12 45 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 7 52 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they treat all diseases with herbal teas",
"text": "viņi visas vainas ārstējot ar zāļu tējām'",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to complain about all kinds of ailments",
"text": "sūdzēties par visādām vainām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to wash one's wounds",
"text": "izmazgāt vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disease, ailment, wound"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-S0f5~4Vq",
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"ailment",
"ailment"
],
[
"wound",
"wound"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 21 10 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 14 5 49",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "lv:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "16 20 5 59",
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 20 5 59",
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgums"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 20 5 59",
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainība"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "if he doesn't work, it is only because of laziness",
"text": "ja viņš nestrādā, tad tā ir tikai slinkuma vaina",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-an7x7Z8V",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "17 20 5 58",
"sense": "dialectal forms",
"word": "vaine"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vāīna]"
},
{
"audio": "Lv-vaina.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg/Lv-vaina.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaiņa"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaina de mielina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vainilla"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "baina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: baina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: baina"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "vāgīna",
"4": "",
"5": "sheath",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin vāgīna (“sheath”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "vāgīna",
"t": "sheath"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin vāgīna (“sheath”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "vagina"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of vagina",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin vāgīna (“sheath”). Doublet of vagina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vainas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "vaina f (plural vainas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"vai‧na"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "es:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 6 17 13 12 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pod"
],
"id": "en-vaina-es-noun-QlyJ7Vu3",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"pod",
"pod"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) pod"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"scabbard, sheath"
],
"id": "en-vaina-es-noun-qAV77CSe",
"links": [
[
"scabbard",
"scabbard"
],
[
"sheath",
"sheath"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "On the floor between the two lay a revolver cartridge case.",
"ref": "2005, Vsevolod Smirnoff, Recuerdos de una astilla, page 11",
"text": "Entre los dos yacía en el piso una vaina de cartucho de revólver.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"case, casing"
],
"id": "en-vaina-es-noun-lja5FM4j",
"links": [
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"casing",
"casing"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Colombian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dominican Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ecuadorian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Panamanian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Peruvian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Venezuelan Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thing, gadget"
],
"id": "en-vaina-es-noun-BlPAj5I1",
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"gadget",
"gadget"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Panama, colloquial) thing, gadget"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chisme"
},
{
"word": "chunche"
},
{
"word": "coso"
}
],
"tags": [
"Colombia",
"Dominican-Republic",
"Ecuador",
"Panama",
"Peru",
"Venezuela",
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Colombian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ecuadorian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Peruvian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Venezuelan Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hickey"
],
"id": "en-vaina-es-noun-v0XqjF6p",
"links": [
[
"hickey",
"hickey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, colloquial) hickey"
],
"tags": [
"Colombia",
"Ecuador",
"Peru",
"Venezuela",
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"worthless person"
],
"id": "en-vaina-es-noun--YoIHQ9P",
"links": [
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) worthless person"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aragonese Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Asturian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque Country Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Burgos Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navarrese Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Riojano Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"green bean"
],
"id": "en-vaina-es-noun-HxdGZXPt",
"links": [
[
"green bean",
"green bean"
]
],
"qualifier": "Basque Country",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Burgos, La Rioja, Navarre) green bean"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judía verde"
},
{
"word": "poroto verde"
}
],
"tags": [
"Aragon",
"Asturias",
"Navarre",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbaina/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbai̯.na]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aina"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bxf",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "vaina",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bilur",
"lang_code": "bxf",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bilur entries with incorrect language header",
"Bilur lemmas",
"Bilur nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"woman"
],
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
]
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "la",
"3": "vēna"
},
"expansion": "Latin vēna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "avaina"
},
"expansion": "Romansch avaina",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vena"
},
"expansion": "Italian vena",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "vână"
},
"expansion": "Romanian vână",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "veine"
},
"expansion": "French veine",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vēna. Compare Romansch avaina, Italian vena, Romanian vână, French veine.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "vaina f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dalmatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Dalmatian feminine nouns",
"Dalmatian lemmas",
"Dalmatian nouns",
"Dalmatian terms derived from Latin",
"Dalmatian terms inherited from Latin",
"Dalmatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"vein"
],
"links": [
[
"vein",
"vein"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈβaina/"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fourth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian terms with audio links",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"lv:Law"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vaininieks"
},
{
"word": "vaininiece"
},
{
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgs"
},
{
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgums"
},
{
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainība"
},
{
"word": "vainot"
},
{
"word": "vainoties"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wei-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wai-"
},
"expansion": "*wai-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, go ahead; to be strong"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vainóti",
"3": "",
"4": "to criticize, to scold"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vaina",
"3": "",
"4": "error, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "etwinūt",
"3": "",
"4": "to blame"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "вина́"
},
"expansion": "вина́ (viná)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "віна́",
"3": "",
"4": "fault, guilt, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-, *wai- (with an added suffix -nā-), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”).\nCognates include Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”) (compare archaic Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)), Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”) (maybe a borrowing from Slavic), Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian вина́ (viná), Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vaina f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "vaina f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vaina",
"10": "vainām",
"11": "vainā",
"12": "vainās",
"13": "vaina",
"14": "vainas",
"16": "",
"2": "vainas",
"3": "vainu",
"4": "vainas",
"5": "vainas",
"6": "vainu",
"7": "vainai",
"8": "vainām",
"9": "vainu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "proven guilt",
"text": "pierādīta vaina",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "awareness of guilt",
"text": "vainas apziņa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be unaware of, not acknowledge one's guilt",
"text": "neapzināties savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to plead guilty",
"text": "atzīt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to deny one's guilt, to plead not guilty",
"text": "noliegt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "mitigating circumstances",
"text": "vainu mīkstinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "aggravating circumstances",
"text": "vainu pastiprinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be to blame",
"text": "būt pie vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt (an offense punishable according to the law; behavior or conduct with bad consequences)"
],
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"offense",
"offense#English"
],
[
"punishable",
"punishable#English"
],
[
"according",
"according#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"behavior",
"behavior#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"bad",
"bad#English"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "his work is without flaw",
"text": "viņa darbs ir bez vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this is a small flaw!",
"text": "tā ir maza vaina!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this fabric has no flaw",
"text": "šai drānai nav nekādas vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "what is the problem with the suit?",
"text": "kas uzvalkam vaina?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the machine has some problem, it doesn't work",
"text": "aparātam ir kāda vaina, ka tas nedarbojas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"defect, imperfection, flaw, fault"
],
"links": [
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"imperfection",
"imperfection"
],
[
"flaw",
"flaw"
],
[
"fault",
"fault"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they treat all diseases with herbal teas",
"text": "viņi visas vainas ārstējot ar zāļu tējām'",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to complain about all kinds of ailments",
"text": "sūdzēties par visādām vainām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to wash one's wounds",
"text": "izmazgāt vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disease, ailment, wound"
],
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"ailment",
"ailment"
],
[
"wound",
"wound"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "if he doesn't work, it is only because of laziness",
"text": "ja viņš nestrādā, tad tā ir tikai slinkuma vaina",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vāīna]"
},
{
"audio": "Lv-vaina.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg/Lv-vaina.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "dialectal forms",
"word": "vaine"
},
{
"word": "vaiņa"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/aina",
"Rhymes:Spanish/aina/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vaina de mielina"
},
{
"word": "vainilla"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "baina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: baina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: baina"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "vāgīna",
"4": "",
"5": "sheath",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin vāgīna (“sheath”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "vāgīna",
"t": "sheath"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin vāgīna (“sheath”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "vagina"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of vagina",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin vāgīna (“sheath”). Doublet of vagina.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vainas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "vaina f (plural vainas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"vai‧na"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"es:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"pod"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"pod",
"pod"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) pod"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"scabbard, sheath"
],
"links": [
[
"scabbard",
"scabbard"
],
[
"sheath",
"sheath"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Spanish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "On the floor between the two lay a revolver cartridge case.",
"ref": "2005, Vsevolod Smirnoff, Recuerdos de una astilla, page 11",
"text": "Entre los dos yacía en el piso una vaina de cartucho de revólver.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"case, casing"
],
"links": [
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"casing",
"casing"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Colombian Spanish",
"Dominican Spanish",
"Ecuadorian Spanish",
"Panamanian Spanish",
"Peruvian Spanish",
"Spanish colloquialisms",
"Venezuelan Spanish"
],
"glosses": [
"thing, gadget"
],
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"gadget",
"gadget"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Panama, colloquial) thing, gadget"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chisme"
},
{
"word": "chunche"
},
{
"word": "coso"
}
],
"tags": [
"Colombia",
"Dominican-Republic",
"Ecuador",
"Panama",
"Peru",
"Venezuela",
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Colombian Spanish",
"Ecuadorian Spanish",
"Peruvian Spanish",
"Spanish colloquialisms",
"Venezuelan Spanish"
],
"glosses": [
"hickey"
],
"links": [
[
"hickey",
"hickey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, colloquial) hickey"
],
"tags": [
"Colombia",
"Ecuador",
"Peru",
"Venezuela",
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Spanish slang"
],
"glosses": [
"worthless person"
],
"links": [
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) worthless person"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Aragonese Spanish",
"Asturian Spanish",
"Basque Country Spanish",
"Burgos Spanish",
"Navarrese Spanish",
"Riojano Spanish"
],
"glosses": [
"green bean"
],
"links": [
[
"green bean",
"green bean"
]
],
"qualifier": "Basque Country",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Burgos, La Rioja, Navarre) green bean"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "judía verde"
},
{
"word": "poroto verde"
}
],
"tags": [
"Aragon",
"Asturias",
"Navarre",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbaina/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbai̯.na]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aina"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Burgos, La Rioja, Navarre",
"path": [
"vaina"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vaina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Burgos, La Rioja, Navarre",
"path": [
"vaina"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vaina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Burgos, La Rioja, Navarre",
"path": [
"vaina"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vaina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Burgos, La Rioja, Navarre",
"path": [
"vaina"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vaina",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.