See vaina in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaininieks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaininiece"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vainot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vainoties"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wei-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, go ahead; to be strong"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vainóti",
"3": "",
"4": "to criticize, to scold"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vaina",
"3": "",
"4": "error, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "etwinūt",
"3": "",
"4": "to blame"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "віна́",
"3": "",
"4": "fault, guilt, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-, *wai- (with an added suffix -nā-), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”).\nCognates include Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”) (compare archaic Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)), Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”) (maybe a borrowing from Slavic), Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian вина́ (viná), Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vaina f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "vaina f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vaina",
"10": "vainām",
"11": "vainā",
"12": "vainās",
"13": "vaina",
"14": "vainas",
"16": "",
"2": "vainas",
"3": "vainu",
"4": "vainas",
"5": "vainas",
"6": "vainu",
"7": "vainai",
"8": "vainām",
"9": "vainu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 35 2 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "lv:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "proven guilt",
"text": "pierādīta vaina",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "awareness of guilt",
"text": "vainas apziņa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be unaware of, not acknowledge one's guilt",
"text": "neapzināties savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to plead guilty",
"text": "atzīt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to deny one's guilt, to plead not guilty",
"text": "noliegt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "mitigating circumstances",
"text": "vainu mīkstinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "aggravating circumstances",
"text": "vainu pastiprinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be to blame",
"text": "būt pie vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt (an offense punishable according to the law; behavior or conduct with bad consequences)"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-MEIutQbl",
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"offense",
"offense#English"
],
[
"punishable",
"punishable#English"
],
[
"according",
"according#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"behavior",
"behavior#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"bad",
"bad#English"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 35 2 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "lv:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "his work is without flaw",
"text": "viņa darbs ir bez vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this is a small flaw!",
"text": "tā ir maza vaina!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this fabric has no flaw",
"text": "šai drānai nav nekādas vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "what is the problem with the suit?",
"text": "kas uzvalkam vaina?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the machine has some problem, it doesn't work",
"text": "aparātam ir kāda vaina, ka tas nedarbojas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"defect, imperfection, flaw, fault"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-4FxMNWgc",
"links": [
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"imperfection",
"imperfection"
],
[
"flaw",
"flaw"
],
[
"fault",
"fault"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they treat all diseases with herbal teas",
"text": "viņi visas vainas ārstējot ar zāļu tējām'",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to complain about all kinds of ailments",
"text": "sūdzēties par visādām vainām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to wash one's wounds",
"text": "izmazgāt vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disease, ailment, wound"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-S0f5~4Vq",
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"ailment",
"ailment"
],
[
"wound",
"wound"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 22 4 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 16 8 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 6 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 35 2 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "lv:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "17 19 0 64",
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 19 0 64",
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgums"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 19 0 64",
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainība"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "if he doesn't work, it is only because of laziness",
"text": "ja viņš nestrādā, tad tā ir tikai slinkuma vaina",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"id": "en-vaina-lv-noun-an7x7Z8V",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "19 18 0 63",
"sense": "dialectal forms",
"word": "vaine"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vāīna]"
},
{
"audio": "Lv-vaina.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg/Lv-vaina.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaiņa"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fourth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Law"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vaininieks"
},
{
"word": "vaininiece"
},
{
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgs"
},
{
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainīgums"
},
{
"sense": "vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība",
"word": "nevainība"
},
{
"word": "vainot"
},
{
"word": "vainoties"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wei-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, go ahead; to be strong"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vainóti",
"3": "",
"4": "to criticize, to scold"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vaina",
"3": "",
"4": "error, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "etwinūt",
"3": "",
"4": "to blame"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "віна́",
"3": "",
"4": "fault, guilt, transgression"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-, *wai- (with an added suffix -nā-), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”).\nCognates include Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”) (compare archaic Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)), Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”) (maybe a borrowing from Slavic), Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian вина́ (viná), Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vainā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vainās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vaina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vainas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vaina f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "vaina f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vain",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vaina",
"10": "vainām",
"11": "vainā",
"12": "vainās",
"13": "vaina",
"14": "vainas",
"16": "",
"2": "vainas",
"3": "vainu",
"4": "vainas",
"5": "vainas",
"6": "vainu",
"7": "vainai",
"8": "vainām",
"9": "vainu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "proven guilt",
"text": "pierādīta vaina",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "awareness of guilt",
"text": "vainas apziņa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be unaware of, not acknowledge one's guilt",
"text": "neapzināties savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to plead guilty",
"text": "atzīt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to deny one's guilt, to plead not guilty",
"text": "noliegt savu vainu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "mitigating circumstances",
"text": "vainu mīkstinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "aggravating circumstances",
"text": "vainu pastiprinoši apstākļi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be to blame",
"text": "būt pie vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt (an offense punishable according to the law; behavior or conduct with bad consequences)"
],
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"offense",
"offense#English"
],
[
"punishable",
"punishable#English"
],
[
"according",
"according#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"behavior",
"behavior#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"bad",
"bad#English"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "his work is without flaw",
"text": "viņa darbs ir bez vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this is a small flaw!",
"text": "tā ir maza vaina!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "this fabric has no flaw",
"text": "šai drānai nav nekādas vainas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "what is the problem with the suit?",
"text": "kas uzvalkam vaina?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the machine has some problem, it doesn't work",
"text": "aparātam ir kāda vaina, ka tas nedarbojas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"defect, imperfection, flaw, fault"
],
"links": [
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"imperfection",
"imperfection"
],
[
"flaw",
"flaw"
],
[
"fault",
"fault"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they treat all diseases with herbal teas",
"text": "viņi visas vainas ārstējot ar zāļu tējām'",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to complain about all kinds of ailments",
"text": "sūdzēties par visādām vainām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to wash one's wounds",
"text": "izmazgāt vainas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disease, ailment, wound"
],
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"ailment",
"ailment"
],
[
"wound",
"wound"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "if he doesn't work, it is only because of laziness",
"text": "ja viņš nestrādā, tad tā ir tikai slinkuma vaina",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vāīna]"
},
{
"audio": "Lv-vaina.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg/Lv-vaina.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Lv-vaina.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "dialectal forms",
"word": "vaine"
},
{
"word": "vaiņa"
}
],
"word": "vaina"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vaina meaning in Latvian (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.