See soften on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for soften meaning in All languages combined (21.1kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "harden"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "softener"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soften someone's cough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soften the blow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soften the ground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soften up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soften up the ground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unsoftenable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unsoftened"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unsoftening"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "softenen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English softenen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "softnen"
},
"expansion": "softnen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "soft",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative"
},
"expansion": "soft + -en",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English softenen, softnen, equivalent to soft + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "softens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "softening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "softened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "softened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "soften (third-person singular simple present softens, present participle softening, simple past and past participle softened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "melt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "thaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "sloom"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mollify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "neshen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "softness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "soft"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 20 12 29 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 23 24 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 23 20 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Soften the butter before beating in the sugar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make something soft or softer."
],
"id": "en-soften-en-verb-tAOfXKK-",
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft"
],
[
"softer",
"softer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make something soft or softer."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "zbut"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "yumşaltmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razmekvam",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "размеквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "estovar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "ablanir"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "軟化"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "ruǎnhuà",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "软化"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "blødgøre"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "verzachten"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "pehmentää"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "pehmittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "adoucir"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "suavizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolegar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolentar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "aufweichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "weichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "malássō",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "μαλάσσω"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "ammorbidire"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "addolcire"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jūmsartu",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "жұмсарту"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "molliō"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers to food",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "whakapē"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "whakangāwari"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "whakangohengohe"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "bløtgjøre"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zmiękczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zmiękczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "muia"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "înmuia"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смягча́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смягчи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "размягча́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "размягчи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "arrijuncari"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "ablandar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "suavizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "mjukna"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "lumambot"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "yumuşatmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pomʺjákšuvaty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пом'я́кшувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pomʺjakšýty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пом'якши́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozmʺjákšuvaty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розм'я́кшувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozmʺjakšýty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "розм'якши́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 4 14 23 9 2",
"code": "nmn",
"english": "by pounding",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "gǃxàn"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 20 12 29 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 23 24 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 23 20 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Before the invasion, we softened up the enemy with the artillery.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)."
],
"id": "en-soften-en-verb-Ad8xZaAA",
"links": [
[
"undermine",
"undermine"
],
[
"morale",
"morale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 77 6 3 6 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)",
"word": "blødgøre"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 77 6 3 6 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)",
"word": "pehmittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 77 6 3 6 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)",
"word": "rendere arrendevole"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 20 12 29 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 23 24 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 23 20 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Having second thoughts, I softened my criticism.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2015 February 7, Helen Yemm, “Thorny problems: How can I soften a brick wall with plants?”, in The Daily Telegraph (London), page G7",
"text": "I have recently reclad the south-west facing side of my single-storey cottage […]. I now want to plant some climbers of more manageable proportions to soften the building.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make less harsh"
],
"id": "en-soften-en-verb-FPe3N~IT",
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make less harsh"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "yumşaltmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "mülayimləşdirmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smekčavam",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "смекчавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "pehmittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "rendere malleabile"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "addolcire"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "ammorbidire"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "suavizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смягча́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смягчи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 77 1 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "suavizar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 20 12 29 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 23 24 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 23 20 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The butter softened as it warmed up.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become soft or softer"
],
"id": "en-soften-en-verb--WFXmPfN",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become soft or softer"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "moza",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "মজা"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "yumşalmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "omekvam",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "омеквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "變軟"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biànruǎn",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "变软"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "blødgøres"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "gnn",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "g:n:n-A7"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "pehmetä"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "pehmentyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "amolecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "aufweichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "weichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "malássomai",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "μαλάσσομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "deshardeskar"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "ammorbidirsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"alt": "やわらかくなる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yawarakaku naru",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "柔らかくなる"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"alt": "やわらかくなる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yawarakaku naru",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "軟らかくなる"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "mollescō"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mięknąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zmięknąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčátʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смягча́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčítʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смягчи́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčátʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "размягча́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčítʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "размягчи́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "ablandarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 53 20 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "yumuşamak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "en:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 23 24 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 23 20 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become or make (a consonant) more lenis, to lenite."
],
"id": "en-soften-en-verb-yLmZeUE3",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"lenis",
"lenis"
],
[
"lenite",
"lenite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, phonology) To become or make (a consonant) more lenis, to lenite."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To palatalize."
],
"id": "en-soften-en-verb-jBJ9LIkz",
"links": [
[
"palatalize",
"palatalize"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic phonology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Slavic phonology) To palatalize."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɒfən/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔf(t)ən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑf(t)ən/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-soften.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/En-us-soften.ogg/En-us-soften.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/En-us-soften.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŏfʹen"
},
{
"enpr": "sôfʹen"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "emolliate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "mollify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "soften"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "tenderize"
}
],
"word": "soften"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "harden"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "softener"
},
{
"word": "soften someone's cough"
},
{
"word": "soften the blow"
},
{
"word": "soften the ground"
},
{
"word": "soften up"
},
{
"word": "soften up the ground"
},
{
"word": "unsoftenable"
},
{
"word": "unsoftened"
},
{
"word": "unsoftening"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "softenen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English softenen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "softnen"
},
"expansion": "softnen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "soft",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative"
},
"expansion": "soft + -en",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English softenen, softnen, equivalent to soft + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "softens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "softening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "softened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "softened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "soften (third-person singular simple present softens, present participle softening, simple past and past participle softened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "melt"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "thaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "sloom"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "mollify"
},
{
"word": "neshen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "softness"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "soft"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Soften the butter before beating in the sugar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make something soft or softer."
],
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft"
],
[
"softer",
"softer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make something soft or softer."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Before the invasion, we softened up the enemy with the artillery.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)."
],
"links": [
[
"undermine",
"undermine"
],
[
"morale",
"morale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Having second thoughts, I softened my criticism.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2015 February 7, Helen Yemm, “Thorny problems: How can I soften a brick wall with plants?”, in The Daily Telegraph (London), page G7",
"text": "I have recently reclad the south-west facing side of my single-storey cottage […]. I now want to plant some climbers of more manageable proportions to soften the building.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make less harsh"
],
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make less harsh"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The butter softened as it warmed up.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become soft or softer"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become soft or softer"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Phonology"
],
"glosses": [
"To become or make (a consonant) more lenis, to lenite."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"lenis",
"lenis"
],
[
"lenite",
"lenite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, phonology) To become or make (a consonant) more lenis, to lenite."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To palatalize."
],
"links": [
[
"palatalize",
"palatalize"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic phonology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Slavic phonology) To palatalize."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɒfən/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔf(t)ən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑf(t)ən/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-soften.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/En-us-soften.ogg/En-us-soften.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/En-us-soften.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŏfʹen"
},
{
"enpr": "sôfʹen"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "emolliate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "mollify"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "soften"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:soften",
"word": "tenderize"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "zbut"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "yumşaltmaq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razmekvam",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "размеквам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "estovar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "ablanir"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "軟化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "ruǎnhuà",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "软化"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "blødgøre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "verzachten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "pehmentää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "pehmittää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "adoucir"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "suavizar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolecer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolegar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolentar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "aufweichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "weichen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "malássō",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "μαλάσσω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "ammorbidire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "addolcire"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jūmsartu",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "жұмсарту"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "molliō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "refers to food",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "whakapē"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "whakangāwari"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "whakangohengohe"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "bløtgjøre"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zmiękczać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zmiękczyć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "amolecer"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "muia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "înmuia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смягча́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смягчи́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "размягча́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "размягчи́ть"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "arrijuncari"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "ablandar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "suavizar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "mjukna"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "lumambot"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "yumuşatmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pomʺjákšuvaty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пом'я́кшувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pomʺjakšýty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пом'якши́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozmʺjákšuvaty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розм'я́кшувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozmʺjakšýty",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "розм'якши́ти"
},
{
"code": "nmn",
"english": "by pounding",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make something soft or softer",
"word": "gǃxàn"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)",
"word": "blødgøre"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)",
"word": "pehmittää"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To undermine the morale of someone (often soften up)",
"word": "rendere arrendevole"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "yumşaltmaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "mülayimləşdirmək"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smekčavam",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "смекчавам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "pehmittää"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "rendere malleabile"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "addolcire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "ammorbidire"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "suavizar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смягча́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смягчи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(transitive) To make less harsh",
"word": "suavizar"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "moza",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "মজা"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "yumşalmaq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "omekvam",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "омеквам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "變軟"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biànruǎn",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "变软"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "blødgøres"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "gnn",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "g:n:n-A7"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "pehmetä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "pehmentyä"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "amolecer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "aufweichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "weichen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "malássomai",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "μαλάσσομαι"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "deshardeskar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "ammorbidirsi"
},
{
"alt": "やわらかくなる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yawarakaku naru",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "柔らかくなる"
},
{
"alt": "やわらかくなる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yawarakaku naru",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "軟らかくなる"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "mollescō"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mięknąć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zmięknąć"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčátʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смягча́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaxčítʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смягчи́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčátʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "размягча́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmjaxčítʹsja",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "размягчи́ться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "ablandarse"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(intransitive) To become soft or softer",
"word": "yumuşamak"
}
],
"word": "soften"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.