See reif on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for reif meaning in All languages combined (36.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ref"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ref",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reaf"
},
"expansion": "reaf",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reif"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf",
"4": "",
"5": "plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raubaz",
"3": "",
"4": "rape, robbery"
},
"expansion": "*raubaz (“rape, robbery”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rip, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "reif"
},
"expansion": "Scots reif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rief",
"3": "",
"4": "robbery, depredation, spoliation"
},
"expansion": "rief (“robbery, depredation, spoliation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "roowje",
"3": "",
"4": "loot, rob"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roof",
"3": "",
"4": "spoil, booty, robbery"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Raub",
"3": "",
"4": "robbery, spoils, plunder"
},
"expansion": "German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reave"
},
"expansion": "reave",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "robe"
},
"expansion": "robe",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ref, reaf, reif, from Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”), from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubą, *raubaz (“rape, robbery”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”).\nCognate with Scots reif, rief (“robbery, depredation, spoliation”), Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”), Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”), German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”). See also reave, robe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "reif (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1524, a letter, recorded in The History of Scotland (John Hill Burton, 1873), volume 3, page 109",
"text": "The opposition, which, as we shall see, was headed by Archbishop Beaton, protested against the \"daily slaughters, murders, reifs, thefts, depredations, and heavy attemptates, that are daily and hourly committed within this realm in fault of justice.\""
},
{
"ref": "c. 1577-1587, Raphael Holinshed, Chronicles",
"text": "[…] meaning to live by reif of other mennes goodes, wherein they have no manner of propertie.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Walter Scott, Waverley",
"text": "[…] the lawless thieves, limmers, and broken men of the Highlands, had been in fellowship together by reason of their surnames for the committing of divers thefts, reifs, and herships.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Robert Borland, Border Raids and Reivers, page 42",
"text": "In the year 1567, in the first Parliament of James VI., an important Act was passed, entitled \"Anent Theft and Receipt of Theft, Taking of Prisoners by Thieves, or Bands for Ransoms, and Punishment of the same.\" It relates especially to the […] \"other inhabitants of the remanent Shires of the Realm,\" bearing that it is not unknown of the continual theft, reif, and oppression committed within the bounds of the said Sheriffdoms, by […] thieves and \"broken men\" [who] commit daily \"thefts, reifs, herschips, murders, and fire raisings\" upon the peaceable subjects of the country.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Robbery."
],
"id": "en-reif-en-noun-FSVQqtWz",
"links": [
[
"Robbery",
"robbery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) Robbery."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rief"
}
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unreif"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "rīfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rīfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "rīfi"
},
"expansion": "Old High German rīfi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "rīpi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon rīpi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rijp"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rijp",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German rīfe, from Old High German rīfi, akin to Old Saxon rīpi (Modern Dutch rijp).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reifer",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "am reifsten",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "der reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keiner reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keinen reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einen reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"masculine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"neuter",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reiferer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reiferes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keiner reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keinen reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einen reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reifere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reiferes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reiferen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "am reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "am reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"predicative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "am reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"predicative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "am reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifstem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifstem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"strong",
"superlative",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"plural",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"nominative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keiner reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keinen reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einen reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "comp"
},
"expansion": "reif (strong nominative masculine singular reifer, comparative reifer, superlative am reifsten)",
"name": "de-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "comp"
},
"name": "de-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Reife"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 44 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The turnips are ripe/ready to harvest.",
"text": "Die Rüben sind reif zum Ernten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ripe"
],
"id": "en-reif-de-adj-~kHMlo6Y",
"links": [
[
"ripe",
"ripe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 44 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She's very mature for her age.",
"text": "Sie ist für ihr Alter sehr reif.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mature"
],
"id": "en-reif-de-adj-bTByZJNS",
"links": [
[
"mature",
"mature"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He's fit for the loony bin.",
"text": "Er ist reif fürs Irrenhaus.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fit"
],
"id": "en-reif-de-adj-2kJw43Na",
"links": [
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁaɪ̯f/"
},
{
"audio": "De-reif.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/De-reif.ogg/De-reif.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/De-reif.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rífa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular past indicative of rífa"
],
"id": "en-reif-is-verb-WY2krsnk",
"links": [
[
"rífa",
"rífa#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rífa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular past indicative of rífa"
],
"id": "en-reif-is-verb-iX1dtaYn",
"links": [
[
"rífa",
"rífa#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "reiwen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of reiwen"
],
"id": "en-reif-lb-verb-9-EERgM4",
"links": [
[
"reiwen",
"reiwen#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reif",
"3": "reaf",
"4": "rief"
},
"expansion": "English: reif, reaf, rief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: reif, reaf, rief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "reif",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Scots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raubą"
},
"expansion": "*raubą",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raubō"
},
"expansion": "*raubō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "robe"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of robe",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English rēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubaz, *raubą, *raubō. Doublet of robe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "reves"
},
"expansion": "reif (plural reves)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 19 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 17 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 31 1 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "enm:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 35 11 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of clothing or gear, especially priestly."
],
"id": "en-reif-enm-noun-EbhfjY0h"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 35 11 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pillaging, looting; intense destruction."
],
"id": "en-reif-enm-noun-yYIxJgYn",
"links": [
[
"pillaging",
"pillaging"
],
[
"looting",
"looting"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) pillaging, looting; intense destruction."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 35 11 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"loot, spoils; the fruit of success."
],
"id": "en-reif-enm-noun-3S01LVHJ",
"links": [
[
"loot",
"loot"
],
[
"spoils",
"spoils"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) loot, spoils; the fruit of success."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 35 11 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"destructiveness; the quality of being damaging."
],
"id": "en-reif-enm-noun-Oh4KNog-",
"links": [
[
"destructiveness",
"destructiveness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) destructiveness; the quality of being damaging."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɛːf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/rɛːv/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "reaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ræf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ref"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "reve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "raf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ræve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "reafe"
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reif, from Old English rēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1809, “The Sang of the Outlaw Murray”, in Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border: Historical ballads, Walter Scott, page 18",
"roman": "He lives by reif and felonie !",
"text": "The man that wons yon Foreste intill,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"robbery"
],
"id": "en-reif-sco-noun-onv79Gfs",
"links": [
[
"robbery",
"robbery"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rief"
},
{
"word": "reiff"
},
{
"word": "refe"
},
{
"word": "ref"
}
]
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ref"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ref",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reaf"
},
"expansion": "reaf",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reif"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf",
"4": "",
"5": "plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raubaz",
"3": "",
"4": "rape, robbery"
},
"expansion": "*raubaz (“rape, robbery”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rip, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "reif"
},
"expansion": "Scots reif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rief",
"3": "",
"4": "robbery, depredation, spoliation"
},
"expansion": "rief (“robbery, depredation, spoliation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "roowje",
"3": "",
"4": "loot, rob"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roof",
"3": "",
"4": "spoil, booty, robbery"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Raub",
"3": "",
"4": "robbery, spoils, plunder"
},
"expansion": "German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reave"
},
"expansion": "reave",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "robe"
},
"expansion": "robe",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ref, reaf, reif, from Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”), from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubą, *raubaz (“rape, robbery”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”).\nCognate with Scots reif, rief (“robbery, depredation, spoliation”), Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”), Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”), German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”). See also reave, robe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "reif (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1524, a letter, recorded in The History of Scotland (John Hill Burton, 1873), volume 3, page 109",
"text": "The opposition, which, as we shall see, was headed by Archbishop Beaton, protested against the \"daily slaughters, murders, reifs, thefts, depredations, and heavy attemptates, that are daily and hourly committed within this realm in fault of justice.\""
},
{
"ref": "c. 1577-1587, Raphael Holinshed, Chronicles",
"text": "[…] meaning to live by reif of other mennes goodes, wherein they have no manner of propertie.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Walter Scott, Waverley",
"text": "[…] the lawless thieves, limmers, and broken men of the Highlands, had been in fellowship together by reason of their surnames for the committing of divers thefts, reifs, and herships.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Robert Borland, Border Raids and Reivers, page 42",
"text": "In the year 1567, in the first Parliament of James VI., an important Act was passed, entitled \"Anent Theft and Receipt of Theft, Taking of Prisoners by Thieves, or Bands for Ransoms, and Punishment of the same.\" It relates especially to the […] \"other inhabitants of the remanent Shires of the Realm,\" bearing that it is not unknown of the continual theft, reif, and oppression committed within the bounds of the said Sheriffdoms, by […] thieves and \"broken men\" [who] commit daily \"thefts, reifs, herschips, murders, and fire raisings\" upon the peaceable subjects of the country.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Robbery."
],
"links": [
[
"Robbery",
"robbery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) Robbery."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rief"
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unreif"
}
],
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German adjectives",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"German terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "rīfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rīfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "rīfi"
},
"expansion": "Old High German rīfi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "rīpi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon rīpi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rijp"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rijp",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German rīfe, from Old High German rīfi, akin to Old Saxon rīpi (Modern Dutch rijp).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reifer",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "am reifsten",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reif",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reifes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "der reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reife",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem reifen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reifen",
"source": "declension",
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},
{
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"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"superlative",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"nominative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eines reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keiner reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einer reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einem reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keinen reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "einen reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "eine reifste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "ein reifstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "keine reifsten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "comp"
},
"expansion": "reif (strong nominative masculine singular reifer, comparative reifer, superlative am reifsten)",
"name": "de-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "comp"
},
"name": "de-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "Reife"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The turnips are ripe/ready to harvest.",
"text": "Die Rüben sind reif zum Ernten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ripe"
],
"links": [
[
"ripe",
"ripe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She's very mature for her age.",
"text": "Sie ist für ihr Alter sehr reif.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mature"
],
"links": [
[
"mature",
"mature"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He's fit for the loony bin.",
"text": "Er ist reif fürs Irrenhaus.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fit"
],
"links": [
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁaɪ̯f/"
},
{
"audio": "De-reif.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/De-reif.ogg/De-reif.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/De-reif.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rífa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular past indicative of rífa"
],
"links": [
[
"rífa",
"rífa#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rífa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular past indicative of rífa"
],
"links": [
[
"rífa",
"rífa#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"Luxembourgish non-lemma forms",
"Luxembourgish verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "reiwen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of reiwen"
],
"links": [
[
"reiwen",
"reiwen#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Clothing",
"enm:Violence"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reif",
"3": "reaf",
"4": "rief"
},
"expansion": "English: reif, reaf, rief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: reif, reaf, rief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "reif",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Scots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raubą"
},
"expansion": "*raubą",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*raubō"
},
"expansion": "*raubō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "robe"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of robe",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English rēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubaz, *raubą, *raubō. Doublet of robe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "reves"
},
"expansion": "reif (plural reves)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A piece of clothing or gear, especially priestly."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"pillaging, looting; intense destruction."
],
"links": [
[
"pillaging",
"pillaging"
],
[
"looting",
"looting"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) pillaging, looting; intense destruction."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"loot, spoils; the fruit of success."
],
"links": [
[
"loot",
"loot"
],
[
"spoils",
"spoils"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) loot, spoils; the fruit of success."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"destructiveness; the quality of being damaging."
],
"links": [
[
"destructiveness",
"destructiveness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) destructiveness; the quality of being damaging."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɛːf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/rɛːv/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "reaf"
},
{
"word": "ræf"
},
{
"word": "ref"
},
{
"word": "reve"
},
{
"word": "raf"
},
{
"word": "ræve"
},
{
"word": "rave"
},
{
"word": "reafe"
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reif, from Old English rēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "reif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Scots quotations",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old English",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Scots terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
"Scots terms inherited from Old English",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Scots terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1809, “The Sang of the Outlaw Murray”, in Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border: Historical ballads, Walter Scott, page 18",
"roman": "He lives by reif and felonie !",
"text": "The man that wons yon Foreste intill,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"robbery"
],
"links": [
[
"robbery",
"robbery"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rief"
},
{
"word": "reiff"
},
{
"word": "refe"
},
{
"word": "ref"
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.