See ref on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ref meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "work the refs"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clippings",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ref (plural refs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "referee"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 4 34 37 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of referee."
],
"id": "en-ref-en-noun-kxC9LMLy",
"links": [
[
"referee",
"referee#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Clipping of referee."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"informal"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reference"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of reference."
],
"id": "en-ref-en-noun-1jZJ8pEw",
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "refectory"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 4 34 37 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of refectory."
],
"id": "en-ref-en-noun-iy3oGXpI",
"links": [
[
"refectory",
"refectory#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "refrigerator"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Philippine English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 4 34 37 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of refrigerator."
],
"id": "en-ref-en-noun-HDAtHVeg",
"links": [
[
"refrigerator",
"refrigerator#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Philippines, informal) Clipping of refrigerator."
],
"tags": [
"Philippines",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "reph"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ref.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Clippings",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ref (third-person singular simple present refs, present participle reffing, simple past and past participle reffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1982, Stephen King, Survivor Type",
"text": "On the block when we were growing up we called him Ronnie the Enforcer because he umped all the stickball games and reffed the hockey.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To referee; to act as a referee in a sport or game."
],
"id": "en-ref-en-verb-ivPoZ~vD",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"referee",
"referee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, transitive, intransitive) To referee; to act as a referee in a sport or game."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "reph"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ref.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "refur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative singular of refur"
],
"id": "en-ref-is-noun-yPqNUye-",
"links": [
[
"refur",
"refur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "refur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite dative singular of refur"
],
"id": "en-ref-is-noun-2KZRIUxe",
"links": [
[
"refur",
"refur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reif"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of reif"
],
"id": "en-ref-enm-noun-kuqXqyUd",
"links": [
[
"reif",
"reif#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reven"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of reven"
],
"id": "en-ref-enm-verb-nlIQ2A-q",
"links": [
[
"reven",
"reven#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "räv"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of räv"
],
"id": "en-ref-sv-noun-9zXuKmya",
"links": [
[
"räv",
"räv#Swedish"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "referee"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "work the refs"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clippings",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ref (plural refs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "referee"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of referee."
],
"links": [
[
"referee",
"referee#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Clipping of referee."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"informal"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reference"
}
],
"categories": [
"English abbreviations"
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of reference."
],
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "refectory"
}
],
"categories": [
"English abbreviations"
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of refectory."
],
"links": [
[
"refectory",
"refectory#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "refrigerator"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English informal terms",
"Philippine English"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of refrigerator."
],
"links": [
[
"refrigerator",
"refrigerator#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Philippines, informal) Clipping of refrigerator."
],
"tags": [
"Philippines",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "reph"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ref.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ref.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_text": "Clippings",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ref (third-person singular simple present refs, present participle reffing, simple past and past participle reffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1982, Stephen King, Survivor Type",
"text": "On the block when we were growing up we called him Ronnie the Enforcer because he umped all the stickball games and reffed the hockey.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To referee; to act as a referee in a sport or game."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"referee",
"referee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, transitive, intransitive) To referee; to act as a referee in a sport or game."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "reph"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ref.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic noun forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "refur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative singular of refur"
],
"links": [
[
"refur",
"refur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "refur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite dative singular of refur"
],
"links": [
[
"refur",
"refur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reif"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of reif"
],
"links": [
[
"reif",
"reif#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of reven"
],
"links": [
[
"reven",
"reven#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ref",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "referee"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "räv"
}
],
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of räv"
],
"links": [
[
"räv",
"räv#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "ref"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.