See reif in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ref"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ref",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf",
"4": "",
"5": "plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rip, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "reif"
},
"expansion": "Scots reif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "roowje",
"3": "",
"4": "loot, rob"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roof",
"3": "",
"4": "spoil, booty, robbery"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Raub",
"3": "",
"4": "robbery, spoils, plunder"
},
"expansion": "German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ref, reaf, reif, from Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”), from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubą, *raubaz (“rape, robbery”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”).\nCognate with Scots reif, rief (“robbery, depredation, spoliation”), Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”), Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”), German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”). See also reave, robe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "reif (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1524, a letter, recorded in The History of Scotland (John Hill Burton, 1873), volume 3, page 109",
"text": "The opposition, which, as we shall see, was headed by Archbishop Beaton, protested against the \"daily slaughters, murders, reifs, thefts, depredations, and heavy attemptates, that are daily and hourly committed within this realm in fault of justice.\""
},
{
"ref": "c. 1577-1587, Raphael Holinshed, Chronicles:",
"text": "[…] meaning to live by reif of other mennes goodes, wherein they have no manner of propertie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Walter Scott, Waverley:",
"text": "[…] the lawless thieves, limmers, and broken men of the Highlands, had been in fellowship together by reason of their surnames for the committing of divers thefts, reifs, and herships.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Robert Borland, Border Raids and Reivers, page 42:",
"text": "In the year 1567, in the first Parliament of James VI., an important Act was passed, entitled \"Anent Theft and Receipt of Theft, Taking of Prisoners by Thieves, or Bands for Ransoms, and Punishment of the same.\" It relates especially to the […] \"other inhabitants of the remanent Shires of the Realm,\" bearing that it is not unknown of the continual theft, reif, and oppression committed within the bounds of the said Sheriffdoms, by […] thieves and \"broken men\" [who] commit daily \"thefts, reifs, herschips, murders, and fire raisings\" upon the peaceable subjects of the country.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Robbery."
],
"id": "en-reif-en-noun-FSVQqtWz",
"links": [
[
"Robbery",
"robbery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) Robbery."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rief"
}
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ref"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ref",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēaf",
"4": "",
"5": "plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raub",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rip, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "reif"
},
"expansion": "Scots reif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "roowje",
"3": "",
"4": "loot, rob"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roof",
"3": "",
"4": "spoil, booty, robbery"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Raub",
"3": "",
"4": "robbery, spoils, plunder"
},
"expansion": "German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ref, reaf, reif, from Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”), from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubą, *raubaz (“rape, robbery”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”).\nCognate with Scots reif, rief (“robbery, depredation, spoliation”), Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”), Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”), German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”). See also reave, robe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "reif (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1524, a letter, recorded in The History of Scotland (John Hill Burton, 1873), volume 3, page 109",
"text": "The opposition, which, as we shall see, was headed by Archbishop Beaton, protested against the \"daily slaughters, murders, reifs, thefts, depredations, and heavy attemptates, that are daily and hourly committed within this realm in fault of justice.\""
},
{
"ref": "c. 1577-1587, Raphael Holinshed, Chronicles:",
"text": "[…] meaning to live by reif of other mennes goodes, wherein they have no manner of propertie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Walter Scott, Waverley:",
"text": "[…] the lawless thieves, limmers, and broken men of the Highlands, had been in fellowship together by reason of their surnames for the committing of divers thefts, reifs, and herships.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Robert Borland, Border Raids and Reivers, page 42:",
"text": "In the year 1567, in the first Parliament of James VI., an important Act was passed, entitled \"Anent Theft and Receipt of Theft, Taking of Prisoners by Thieves, or Bands for Ransoms, and Punishment of the same.\" It relates especially to the […] \"other inhabitants of the remanent Shires of the Realm,\" bearing that it is not unknown of the continual theft, reif, and oppression committed within the bounds of the said Sheriffdoms, by […] thieves and \"broken men\" [who] commit daily \"thefts, reifs, herschips, murders, and fire raisings\" upon the peaceable subjects of the country.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Robbery."
],
"links": [
[
"Robbery",
"robbery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) Robbery."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rief"
}
],
"word": "reif"
}
Download raw JSONL data for reif meaning in English (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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