See penne on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "penne"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian penne",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian penne, plural of penna.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "penne (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pasta",
"orig": "en:Pasta",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 19 0 0 6 2 2 21 1 1 9 1 0 1 1 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 18 0 0 8 1 1 20 1 1 13 1 0 1 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of short, diagonally cut pasta."
],
"id": "en-penne-en-noun-OGzfbp0J",
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"diagonally",
"diagonally"
],
[
"pasta",
"pasta"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "penne alla vodka"
},
{
"word": "penne rigate"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "coeng⁴ tung¹ fan²",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "長通粉 /长通粉"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "penne"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "penne",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "ペンネ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "penne"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "penne",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пенне"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "kalem makarna"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "mì ống"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "mì hình ống"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛneɪ/"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "penne c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 19 0 0 6 2 2 21 1 1 9 1 0 1 1 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 18 0 0 8 1 1 20 1 1 13 1 0 1 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of pen"
],
"id": "en-penne-da-noun-1OkWQEfp",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʰɛnə]"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "it",
"3": "penne"
},
"expansion": "Italian penne",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "< Italian penne",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "8/nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "8/nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneilläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneilläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
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},
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},
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},
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"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 19 0 0 6 2 2 21 1 1 9 1 0 1 1 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 18 0 0 8 1 1 20 1 1 13 1 0 1 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "penna"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of penna"
],
"id": "en-penne-it-noun-uSsiO74J",
"links": [
[
"penna",
"penna#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpen.ne/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-enne"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "English: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Scots: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: pen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman penne f",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old French penne f",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin penna f",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*petnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *petnā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*péth₂r̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman penne f, from Old French penne f, from Latin penna f, from Proto-Italic *petnā, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥. Compare feþer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penne",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "penne (plural pennes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "penne knyfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "penner"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "80 5 4 3 1 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Writing",
"orig": "enm:Writing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pen or other implement for writing."
],
"id": "en-penne-enm-noun-enm:writing_implement",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
],
[
"implement",
"implement"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:writing implement"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A writer's aptitude or distinguishing features."
],
"id": "en-penne-enm-noun-8Q2FvJje",
"links": [
[
"aptitude",
"aptitude"
],
[
"features",
"features"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A writer's aptitude or distinguishing features."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 1 1 12 5 9 11 5 2 19 3 1 5 2 1 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 18 0 0 8 1 1 20 1 1 13 1 0 1 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 6 56 5 4 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 59 6 5 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animal body parts",
"orig": "enm:Animal body parts",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quill; the rachis (stem) of a feather."
],
"id": "en-penne-enm-noun-dZo9qQLF",
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
],
[
"rachis",
"rachis"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A wing (projection enabling flight) (usually used in the plural)"
],
"id": "en-penne-enm-noun-ITo8JDxo",
"links": [
[
"wing",
"wing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A feather or piece of plumage."
],
"id": "en-penne-enm-noun-7li6h67d",
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"plumage",
"plumage"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A hollow channel."
],
"id": "en-penne-enm-noun-Fprn8vlP",
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A hollow channel."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛn(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Old English penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pennō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pennō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English penn, from Proto-Germanic *pennō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "penne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of pen"
],
"id": "en-penne-enm-noun-enm:enclosure",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#Middle_English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:enclosure"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anglo-Norman: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "penne",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pìn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pìn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pìn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin penna f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin penna f",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin penna f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penne oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "penne oblique singular, f (oblique plural pennes, nominative singular penne, nominative plural pennes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feather"
],
"id": "en-penne-fro-noun-tSEV6lU8",
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"quill"
],
"id": "en-penne-fro-noun-xZJPrpNW",
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "penne c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish noun forms",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of pen"
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʰɛnə]"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "penne"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian penne",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian penne, plural of penna.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "penne (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "penne alla vodka"
},
{
"word": "penne rigate"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Pasta"
],
"glosses": [
"A type of short, diagonally cut pasta."
],
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"diagonally",
"diagonally"
],
[
"pasta",
"pasta"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛneɪ/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "coeng⁴ tung¹ fan²",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "長通粉 /长通粉"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "penne"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "penne",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "ペンネ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "penne"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "penne",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пенне"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "kalem makarna"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "mì ống"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "type of pasta",
"word": "mì hình ống"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pennepasta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "it",
"3": "penne"
},
"expansion": "Italian penne",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "< Italian penne",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "8/nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennein",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "8/nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneilläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneilläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-nalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pennensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "penneään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennejänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennessänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneissänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennestänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneistänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneihinsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennelleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennellensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneillensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennenänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "penneiksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennettänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneittänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penneineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penneinensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "nouns",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penne",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "penne",
"name": "fi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "penn",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "ä"
},
"name": "fi-decl-nalle"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish 2-syllable words",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish nalle-type nominals",
"Finnish nouns",
"Finnish terms borrowed from Italian",
"Finnish terms derived from Italian",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Finnish/enːe",
"Rhymes:Finnish/enːe/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"penne (pasta)"
],
"links": [
[
"penne",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpenːe/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpe̞nːe̞]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-enːe"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French doublets",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
"3": "penne",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French penne f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French penne f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "pinna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin pinna f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*petnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *petnā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*péth₂r̥",
"4": "*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-",
"5": "feather, wing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "panne"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of panne",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French penne f, from Latin pinna f, penna f, from Proto-Italic *petnā, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”).\nDoublet of panne. See also pinacle–panache.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "penne f (plural pennes)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"large feather"
],
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"penne (pasta)"
],
"links": [
[
"penne",
"penne#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛn/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-penne.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-penne.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-penne.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-penne.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-penne.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "peine"
},
{
"homophone": "peinent"
},
{
"homophone": "pêne"
},
{
"homophone": "pennes"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German verb forms",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "penne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of pennen:",
"first-person singular present"
],
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of pennen:",
"first/third-person singular subjunctive I"
],
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"singular",
"subjunctive-i",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of pennen:",
"singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-penne.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/De-penne.ogg/De-penne.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/De-penne.ogg"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "penne f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pén‧ne"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian noun forms",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/enne",
"Rhymes:Italian/enne/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "penna"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of penna"
],
"links": [
[
"penna",
"penna#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpen.ne/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-enne"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Animal body parts",
"enm:Writing"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "English: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Scots: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: pen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman penne f",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old French penne f",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin penna f",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*petnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *petnā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*péth₂r̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman penne f, from Old French penne f, from Latin penna f, from Proto-Italic *petnā, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥. Compare feþer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penne",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "penne (plural pennes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "penne knyfe"
},
{
"word": "penner"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A pen or other implement for writing."
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
],
[
"implement",
"implement"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:writing implement"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A writer's aptitude or distinguishing features."
],
"links": [
[
"aptitude",
"aptitude"
],
[
"features",
"features"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A writer's aptitude or distinguishing features."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A quill; the rachis (stem) of a feather."
],
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
],
[
"rachis",
"rachis"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A wing (projection enabling flight) (usually used in the plural)"
],
"links": [
[
"wing",
"wing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A feather or piece of plumage."
],
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"plumage",
"plumage"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A hollow channel."
],
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A hollow channel."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛn(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Animal body parts",
"enm:Writing"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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"2": "ang",
"3": "penn"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pennō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pennō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English penn, from Proto-Germanic *pennō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "penne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of pen"
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#Middle_English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:enclosure"
],
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"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anglo-Norman: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "penne",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pìn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pìn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pìn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin penna f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin penna f",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin penna f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penne oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "penne oblique singular, f (oblique plural pennes, nominative singular penne, nominative plural pennes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feather"
],
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"quill"
],
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penne meaning in All languages combined (35.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'penne oblique singular or', originally 'penne oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"penne"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penne",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'penne oblique singular or', originally 'penne oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"penne"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penne",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'penne oblique singular or' in 'penne oblique singular, f (oblique plural pennes, nominative singular penne, nominative plural pennes)'",
"path": [
"penne"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penne",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.