See penne in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anglo-Norman: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "penne",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pìn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pìn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pìn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin penna f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin penna f",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin penna f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penne oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "penne oblique singular, f (oblique plural pennes, nominative singular penne, nominative plural pennes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feather"
],
"id": "en-penne-fro-noun-tSEV6lU8",
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"quill"
],
"id": "en-penne-fro-noun-xZJPrpNW",
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "French: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "penne",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman: penne f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anglo-Norman: penne f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "penne",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: penne, pen\nEnglish: pen\nScots: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pìn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pìn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pìn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin penna f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin penna f",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin penna f.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penne oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penne",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "penne oblique singular, f (oblique plural pennes, nominative singular penne, nominative plural pennes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feather"
],
"links": [
[
"feather",
"feather"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"quill"
],
"links": [
[
"quill",
"quill"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penne"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penne meaning in Old French (2.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'penne oblique singular or', originally 'penne oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"penne"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penne",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'penne oblique singular or', originally 'penne oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"penne"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penne",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'penne oblique singular or' in 'penne oblique singular, f (oblique plural pennes, nominative singular penne, nominative plural pennes)'",
"path": [
"penne"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penne",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.