See kram on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "krama",
"t": "to press, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”), from kremja (“to crush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammets",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammenes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kram",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gen-pl-def": "krammenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "krams",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "krammets",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "krams",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "krammene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kram",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "krammet",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kram"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hug"
],
"id": "en-kram-da-noun-Yo~ssmTS",
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "-",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "not used in plural form",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 49 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Hans Lyngby Jepsen, Træerne, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:",
"text": "For mange mennesker, for mange fødder, for meget støv og for meget billigt kram.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1929, J. L. Bjørner, Robert Storm Petersen, Frihandelens fane: et økonomiskpolitisk nutidsbillede paa en historisk baggrund:",
"text": "Mange bar jo ikke Raad til andet. En Toldlov kan forhindre Importen af billigt Kram, men den kan ikke forhindre, at der opstaar en indenlandsk Fabrikation baseret paa Kram, paa slet, men dyrt Kram, og som kun vil lokke Arbejde og Kapital ...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1976, Svend Åge Madsen, Tugt og utugt i mellemtiden: roman:",
"text": "Der er utallige diske med farvestrålende varer, boder med billigt kram, lokkende skilte, pyramider af dåser, kurve med brød, bokse med frosset kød, alt i ét virvar, der skal gøre kunden så forvirret at hun køber mere end hun har brug for og råd til ...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stuff, things, goods"
],
"id": "en-kram-da-noun-kgKsVIW0",
"links": [
[
"stuff",
"stuff"
],
[
"things",
"things"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"positive"
],
"word": "vare"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "bras"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "ragelse"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "møg"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramme"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of kramme"
],
"id": "en-kram-da-verb-~tt1Rxra",
"links": [
[
"kramme",
"kramme#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to attach or seal with staples",
"word": "krammen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "kramchi",
"3": "kranchi",
"4": "kramtsje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from the diminutive"
},
"expansion": "(from the diminutive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje (from the diminutive)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "cramme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cramme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "crimmen",
"t": "to catch, grab (with claws)"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crimmen (“to catch, grab (with claws)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krimman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krimman",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch cramme, from Middle Dutch crimmen (“to catch, grab (with claws)”), from Proto-West Germanic *krimman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kram f (plural krammen, diminutive krammetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Building materials",
"orig": "nl:Building materials",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Manufacturing",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Human activity",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"staple (U-shaped metal fastener to bind materials together, for example to attach fence wire to posts)"
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-ZLVbVRuq",
"links": [
[
"staple",
"staple"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"surgical staple"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "41 59",
"english": "to bind sheets of paper together",
"sense": "staple",
"word": "nietje"
}
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-GbtE~CmQ",
"qualifier": "Medicine",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medicine) surgical staple"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hechtkram"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg/Nl-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑm"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of kramen"
],
"id": "en-kram-de-verb-I9LyVdsM",
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"id": "en-kram-de-verb-ByWzU0T3",
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/De-kram.ogg/De-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/De-kram.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kram-kram",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram (plural kram-kram)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cramp",
"word": "keram"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "id:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 1 7 1 1 6 10 9 9 22 18 1 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"id": "en-kram-id-noun-WY~wISZQ",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"keram",
"keram#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, colloquial) alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammest",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammeste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"10": "krammest",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammeste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammere",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammere, indefinite superlative krammest, definite superlative krammeste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Making snowballs is easier when the snow is sticky.",
"text": "Det er lettere å lage snøballer når snøen er kram.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"id": "en-kram-nb-adj-oqba-vSJ",
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammare",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammast",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammaste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"10": "krammast",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammaste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammare",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammare, indefinite superlative krammast, definite superlative krammaste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"id": "en-kram-nn-adj-oqba-vSJ",
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "krām"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām, from Old High German kram, itself probably borrowed from Slavic. See modern German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "kramik"
},
"expansion": "kram m inan (diminutive kramik)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Businesses",
"orig": "pl:Businesses",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 2 5 1 1 4 11 10 10 24 18 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 1 7 1 1 6 10 9 9 22 18 1 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramarski"
},
{
"word": "kramarz"
},
{
"word": "kramnica"
}
],
"glosses": [
"market stall, market stand"
],
"id": "en-kram-pl-noun-KNnv5FkL",
"links": [
[
"market",
"market"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) market stall, market stand"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stragan"
},
{
"english": "Northern Greater Poland, Eastern Greater Poland",
"word": "krom"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkram/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 1 7 1 1 6 10 9 9 22 18 1 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"axe"
],
"id": "en-kram-erk-noun-AlQS09-A",
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kram/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Danish kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish kram, from Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram. Related to Danish kram, Icelandic kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 66 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In order to be able to access such, indeed quite proper trifle but not paying much interest, he decided, with a particularly well-stocked coffer, to travel to Denmark's capital city, about thirty miles distant from his birthplace, Gothenburg.",
"ref": "1831, Fredrik Cederborgh, Berättelse om Den, först rike och ansedde, sedermera fattige och föraktade John Hall, page 5:",
"text": "För att kunna åtkomma dylikt, wäl rätt artigt men föga räntegifwande kram, beslöt han, att, med en särdeles wäl försedd kaßa, resa till Danmarks hufwudstad, ungefär trettio mil aflägsen från deß födelseort Götheborg.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A merchandise, commodities, small and cheap products sold to consumers; trash (useless merchandise)."
],
"id": "en-kram-sv-noun-e-n4BGgO",
"links": [
[
"merchandise",
"merchandise"
],
[
"commodities",
"commodities"
],
[
"trash",
"trash"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "krimskrams"
},
{
"word": "kräma"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-adj-abs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"id": "en-kram-sv-adj-qWGhjT03",
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"cloggy",
"cloggy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of snow) wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of snow"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "kramsnö"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "c",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram c or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "kramsjuk"
},
{
"word": "styrkekram"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hug, an embrace"
],
"id": "en-kram-sv-noun-LwS8iaiD",
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
],
[
"embrace",
"embrace"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "kjam"
},
{
"tags": [
"childish",
"informal"
],
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "omfamning"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish neuter nouns",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Danish verb forms",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "krama",
"t": "to press, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”), from kremja (“to crush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammets",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammenes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kram",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gen-pl-def": "krammenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "krams",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "krammets",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "krams",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "krammene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kram",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "krammet",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kram"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hug"
],
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish neuter nouns",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Danish verb forms",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "-",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "not used in plural form",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Danish quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Hans Lyngby Jepsen, Træerne, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:",
"text": "For mange mennesker, for mange fødder, for meget støv og for meget billigt kram.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1929, J. L. Bjørner, Robert Storm Petersen, Frihandelens fane: et økonomiskpolitisk nutidsbillede paa en historisk baggrund:",
"text": "Mange bar jo ikke Raad til andet. En Toldlov kan forhindre Importen af billigt Kram, men den kan ikke forhindre, at der opstaar en indenlandsk Fabrikation baseret paa Kram, paa slet, men dyrt Kram, og som kun vil lokke Arbejde og Kapital ...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1976, Svend Åge Madsen, Tugt og utugt i mellemtiden: roman:",
"text": "Der er utallige diske med farvestrålende varer, boder med billigt kram, lokkende skilte, pyramider af dåser, kurve med brød, bokse med frosset kød, alt i ét virvar, der skal gøre kunden så forvirret at hun køber mere end hun har brug for og råd til ...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stuff, things, goods"
],
"links": [
[
"stuff",
"stuff"
],
[
"things",
"things"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"positive"
],
"word": "vare"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "bras"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "ragelse"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "møg"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish neuter nouns",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Danish verb forms",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramme"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of kramme"
],
"links": [
[
"kramme",
"kramme#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑm",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑm/1 syllable",
"nl:Building materials"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to attach or seal with staples",
"word": "krammen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "kramchi",
"3": "kranchi",
"4": "kramtsje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from the diminutive"
},
"expansion": "(from the diminutive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje (from the diminutive)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "cramme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cramme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "crimmen",
"t": "to catch, grab (with claws)"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crimmen (“to catch, grab (with claws)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krimman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krimman",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch cramme, from Middle Dutch crimmen (“to catch, grab (with claws)”), from Proto-West Germanic *krimman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kram f (plural krammen, diminutive krammetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "to bind sheets of paper together",
"sense": "staple",
"word": "nietje"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"staple (U-shaped metal fastener to bind materials together, for example to attach fence wire to posts)"
],
"links": [
[
"staple",
"staple"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"surgical staple"
],
"qualifier": "Medicine",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medicine) surgical staple"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hechtkram"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg/Nl-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑm"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German verb forms",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of kramen"
],
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/De-kram.ogg/De-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/De-kram.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "kram-kram",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram (plural kram-kram)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cramp",
"word": "keram"
}
],
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"id:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"keram",
"keram#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, colloquial) alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammest",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammeste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"10": "krammest",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammeste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammere",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammere, indefinite superlative krammest, definite superlative krammeste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål adjectives",
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Making snowballs is easier when the snow is sticky.",
"text": "Det er lettere å lage snøballer når snøen er kram.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammare",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammast",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammaste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"10": "krammast",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammaste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammare",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammare, indefinite superlative krammast, definite superlative krammaste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk adjectives",
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramarski"
},
{
"word": "kramarz"
},
{
"word": "kramnica"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "krām"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām, from Old High German kram, itself probably borrowed from Slavic. See modern German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "kramik"
},
"expansion": "kram m inan (diminutive kramik)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish dated terms",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/am",
"Rhymes:Polish/am/1 syllable",
"pl:Businesses"
],
"glosses": [
"market stall, market stand"
],
"links": [
[
"market",
"market"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) market stall, market stand"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stragan"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkram/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "Northern Greater Poland, Eastern Greater Poland",
"word": "krom"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"South Efate lemmas",
"South Efate nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"axe"
],
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kram/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish adjectives",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish nouns with multiple genders",
"Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Swedish uncomparable adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Danish kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish kram, from Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram. Related to Danish kram, Icelandic kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "krimskrams"
},
{
"word": "kräma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In order to be able to access such, indeed quite proper trifle but not paying much interest, he decided, with a particularly well-stocked coffer, to travel to Denmark's capital city, about thirty miles distant from his birthplace, Gothenburg.",
"ref": "1831, Fredrik Cederborgh, Berättelse om Den, först rike och ansedde, sedermera fattige och föraktade John Hall, page 5:",
"text": "För att kunna åtkomma dylikt, wäl rätt artigt men föga räntegifwande kram, beslöt han, att, med en särdeles wäl försedd kaßa, resa till Danmarks hufwudstad, ungefär trettio mil aflägsen från deß födelseort Götheborg.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A merchandise, commodities, small and cheap products sold to consumers; trash (useless merchandise)."
],
"links": [
[
"merchandise",
"merchandise"
],
[
"commodities",
"commodities"
],
[
"trash",
"trash"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish adjectives",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish nouns with multiple genders",
"Swedish uncomparable adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-adj-abs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "kramsnö"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"cloggy",
"cloggy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of snow) wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of snow"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish adjectives",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish nouns with multiple genders",
"Swedish uncomparable adjectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "kramsjuk"
},
{
"word": "styrkekram"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "c",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram c or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a hug, an embrace"
],
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
],
[
"embrace",
"embrace"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "kjam"
},
{
"tags": [
"childish",
"informal"
],
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "omfamning"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kram meaning in All languages combined (27.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'common singular'",
"path": [
"kram"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "kram",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'all'",
"path": [
"kram"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "kram",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/20250113a",
"msg": "Colspan 999 over 30, set to 1",
"path": [
"kram"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "kram",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.