See kram on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kram meaning in All languages combined (26.9kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "krama",
"t": "to press, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kremja",
"t": "to crush"
},
"expansion": "kremja (“to crush”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”), from kremja (“to crush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammets",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammenes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kram",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gen-pl-def": "krammenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "krams",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "krammets",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "krams",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "krammene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kram",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "krammet",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kram"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hug"
],
"id": "en-kram-da-noun-Yo~ssmTS",
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "-",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "not used in plural form",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 54 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "2017, Hans Lyngby Jepsen, Træerne, Lindhardt og Ringhof",
"text": "For mange mennesker, for mange fødder, for meget støv og for meget billigt kram.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1929, J. L. Bjørner, Robert Storm Petersen, Frihandelens fane: et økonomiskpolitisk nutidsbillede paa en historisk baggrund",
"text": "Mange bar jo ikke Raad til andet. En Toldlov kan forhindre Importen af billigt Kram, men den kan ikke forhindre, at der opstaar en indenlandsk Fabrikation baseret paa Kram, paa slet, men dyrt Kram, og som kun vil lokke Arbejde og Kapital ...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1976, Svend Åge Madsen, Tugt og utugt i mellemtiden: roman",
"text": "Der er utallige diske med farvestrålende varer, boder med billigt kram, lokkende skilte, pyramider af dåser, kurve med brød, bokse med frosset kød, alt i ét virvar, der skal gøre kunden så forvirret at hun køber mere end hun har brug for og råd til ...",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stuff, things, goods"
],
"id": "en-kram-da-noun-kgKsVIW0",
"links": [
[
"stuff",
"stuff"
],
[
"things",
"things"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"positive"
],
"word": "vare"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "bras"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "ragelse"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "møg"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramme"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of kramme"
],
"id": "en-kram-da-verb-~tt1Rxra",
"links": [
[
"kramme",
"kramme#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "kramchi",
"3": "kranchi",
"4": "kramtsje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from the diminutive"
},
"expansion": "(from the diminutive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje (from the diminutive)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "cramme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cramme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krimman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krimman",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch cramme, from Proto-West Germanic *krimman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "krammetje"
},
"expansion": "kram f (plural krammen, diminutive krammetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cramp, cramp iron"
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-3KaNyak9",
"links": [
[
"cramp",
"cramp"
],
[
"cramp iron",
"cramp iron"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"clamp, clasp"
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-G4P5mHuE",
"links": [
[
"clamp",
"clamp"
],
[
"clasp",
"clasp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "12 15 66 0 1 6",
"sense": "staple",
"word": "nietje"
}
],
"glosses": [
"staple (capable of penetrating durable solids)"
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-pohTJ22N",
"links": [
[
"staple",
"staple"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hook"
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-Bkgpi0i-",
"links": [
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 6 23 1 52 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clevis"
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-7nKvOBzK",
"links": [
[
"clevis",
"clevis"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"clinch"
],
"id": "en-kram-nl-noun-Se8U6xBv",
"links": [
[
"clinch",
"clinch"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑm"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg/Nl-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of kramen"
],
"id": "en-kram-de-verb-I9LyVdsM",
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"id": "en-kram-de-verb-ByWzU0T3",
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/De-kram.ogg/De-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/De-kram.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "krammu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kramnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram (first-person possessive kramku, second-person possessive krammu, third-person possessive kramnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cramp",
"word": "keram"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "id:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"id": "en-kram-id-noun-WY~wISZQ",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"keram",
"keram#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, colloquial) alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammest",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammeste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"10": "krammest",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammeste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammere",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammere, indefinite superlative krammest, definite superlative krammeste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Making snowballs is easier when the snow is sticky.",
"text": "Det er lettere å lage snøballer når snøen er kram.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"id": "en-kram-nb-adj-oqba-vSJ",
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet#English"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky#English"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammare",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammast",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammaste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"10": "krammast",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammaste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammare",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammare, indefinite superlative krammast, definite superlative krammaste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"id": "en-kram-nn-adj-oqba-vSJ",
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet#English"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky#English"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "krām",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle High German krām",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "krām"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām, from Old High German kram, itself probably borrowed from Slavic. See modern German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "kramik"
},
"expansion": "kram m inan (diminutive kramik)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Businesses",
"orig": "pl:Businesses",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramarski"
},
{
"word": "kramarz"
},
{
"word": "kramnica"
}
],
"glosses": [
"market stall, market stand"
],
"id": "en-kram-pl-noun-KNnv5FkL",
"links": [
[
"market",
"market"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) market stall, market stand"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stragan"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kram/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"axe"
],
"id": "en-kram-erk-noun-AlQS09-A",
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kram/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Danish kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish kram, from Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram. Related to Danish kram, Icelandic kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-noun-unc-irreg-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "kramet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "kramets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kram",
"2": "kramet",
"3": "-",
"4": "-",
"5": "krams",
"6": "kramets",
"7": "-",
"8": "-",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Neuter",
"uncountable": "yes"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 64 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In order to be able to access such, indeed quite proper trifle but not paying much interest, he decided, with a particularly well-stocked coffer, to travel to Denmark's capital city, about thirty miles distant from his birthplace, Gothenburg.",
"ref": "1831, Fredrik Cederborgh, Berättelse om Den, först rike och ansedde, sedermera fattige och föraktade John Hall, page 5",
"text": "För att kunna åtkomma dylikt, wäl rätt artigt men föga räntegifwande kram, beslöt han, att, med en särdeles wäl försedd kaßa, resa till Danmarks hufwudstad, ungefär trettio mil aflägsen från deß födelseort Götheborg.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A merchandise, commodities, small and cheap products sold to consumers; trash (useless merchandise)."
],
"id": "en-kram-sv-noun-e-n4BGgO",
"links": [
[
"merchandise",
"merchandise"
],
[
"commodities",
"commodities"
],
[
"trash",
"trash"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "krimskrams"
},
{
"word": "kräma"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "krama",
"3": "",
"4": "to squeeze, to hug"
},
"expansion": "krama (“to squeeze, to hug”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-adj-abs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"indefinite",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"id": "en-kram-sv-adj-qWGhjT03",
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"cloggy",
"cloggy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of snow) wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of snow"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "kramsnö"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "krama",
"3": "",
"4": "to squeeze, to hug"
},
"expansion": "krama (“to squeeze, to hug”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "c",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram c or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kram",
"2": "kramen",
"3": "kramar",
"4": "kramarna",
"5": "krams",
"6": "kramens",
"7": "kramars",
"8": "kramarnas",
"base": "kram",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Common"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "kramsjuk"
},
{
"word": "styrkekram"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hug, an embrace"
],
"id": "en-kram-sv-noun-LwS8iaiD",
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
],
[
"embrace",
"embrace"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "kjam"
},
{
"tags": [
"childish",
"informal"
],
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "omfamning"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish neuter nouns",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Danish verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "krama",
"t": "to press, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kremja",
"t": "to crush"
},
"expansion": "kremja (“to crush”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krama (“to press, squeeze”), from kremja (“to crush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammets",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammenes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kram",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, plural indefinite kram)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gen-pl-def": "krammenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "krams",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "krammets",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "krams",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "krammene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kram",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "krammet",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kram"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hug"
],
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish neuter nouns",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Danish verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "-",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "krammet",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "not used in plural form",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-",
"stem": "kramm"
},
"expansion": "kram n (singular definite krammet, not used in plural form)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Danish quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "2017, Hans Lyngby Jepsen, Træerne, Lindhardt og Ringhof",
"text": "For mange mennesker, for mange fødder, for meget støv og for meget billigt kram.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1929, J. L. Bjørner, Robert Storm Petersen, Frihandelens fane: et økonomiskpolitisk nutidsbillede paa en historisk baggrund",
"text": "Mange bar jo ikke Raad til andet. En Toldlov kan forhindre Importen af billigt Kram, men den kan ikke forhindre, at der opstaar en indenlandsk Fabrikation baseret paa Kram, paa slet, men dyrt Kram, og som kun vil lokke Arbejde og Kapital ...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1976, Svend Åge Madsen, Tugt og utugt i mellemtiden: roman",
"text": "Der er utallige diske med farvestrålende varer, boder med billigt kram, lokkende skilte, pyramider af dåser, kurve med brød, bokse med frosset kød, alt i ét virvar, der skal gøre kunden så forvirret at hun køber mere end hun har brug for og råd til ...",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stuff, things, goods"
],
"links": [
[
"stuff",
"stuff"
],
[
"things",
"things"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"positive"
],
"word": "vare"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "bras"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "ragelse"
},
{
"tags": [
"negative"
],
"word": "møg"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish neuter nouns",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Danish verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramme"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of kramme"
],
"links": [
[
"kramme",
"kramme#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑm",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑm/1 syllable"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "staple",
"word": "nietje"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "kramchi",
"3": "kranchi",
"4": "kramtsje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from the diminutive"
},
"expansion": "(from the diminutive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: kramchi, kranchi, kramtsje (from the diminutive)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "cramme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cramme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krimman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krimman",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch cramme, from Proto-West Germanic *krimman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krammen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krammetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "krammetje"
},
"expansion": "kram f (plural krammen, diminutive krammetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cramp, cramp iron"
],
"links": [
[
"cramp",
"cramp"
],
[
"cramp iron",
"cramp iron"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"clamp, clasp"
],
"links": [
[
"clamp",
"clamp"
],
[
"clasp",
"clasp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"staple (capable of penetrating durable solids)"
],
"links": [
[
"staple",
"staple"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hook"
],
"links": [
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"clevis"
],
"links": [
[
"clevis",
"clevis"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"clinch"
],
"links": [
[
"clinch",
"clinch"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑm"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg/Nl-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Nl-kram.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German terms with audio links",
"German verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of kramen"
],
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kramen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"links": [
[
"kramen",
"kramen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of kramen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-kram.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/De-kram.ogg/De-kram.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/De-kram.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "krammu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kramnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kram (first-person possessive kramku, second-person possessive krammu, third-person possessive kramnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cramp",
"word": "keram"
}
],
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
"id:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"keram",
"keram#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, colloquial) alternative spelling of keram (“cramp”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammest",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammeste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"10": "krammest",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammeste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammere",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammere, indefinite superlative krammest, definite superlative krammeste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål adjectives",
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples",
"Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Making snowballs is easier when the snow is sticky.",
"text": "Det er lettere å lage snøballer når snøen er kram.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet#English"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky#English"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "krammr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse krammr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse krammr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramt",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramme",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krammare",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammast",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krammaste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"10": "krammast",
"11": "definite superlative",
"12": "krammaste",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "neuter singular",
"4": "kramt",
"5": "definite singular and plural",
"6": "kramme",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "krammare",
"9": "indefinite superlative"
},
"expansion": "kram (neuter singular kramt, definite singular and plural kramme, comparative krammare, indefinite superlative krammast, definite superlative krammaste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk adjectives",
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse"
],
"glosses": [
"having a temperature near the melting point, wet, sticky (of snow)"
],
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet#English"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky#English"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramarski"
},
{
"word": "kramarz"
},
{
"word": "kramnica"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "krām",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle High German krām",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "krām"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German krām, from Old High German kram, itself probably borrowed from Slavic. See modern German Kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kramik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "kramik"
},
"expansion": "kram m inan (diminutive kramik)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kram"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish dated terms",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/am",
"Rhymes:Polish/am/1 syllable",
"pl:Businesses"
],
"glosses": [
"market stall, market stand"
],
"links": [
[
"market",
"market"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) market stall, market stand"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stragan"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kram/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"South Efate lemmas",
"South Efate nouns",
"South Efate terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"axe"
],
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kram/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish adjectives",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish nouns with multiple genders",
"Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms derived from Slavic languages",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kräm",
"4": "",
"5": "fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kram"
},
"expansion": "German Kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Danish kram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kram"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kram",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish kram, from Old Norse kram, from Middle Low German kräm (“fine cloth; also used for merchant tents, thus later a synonym for merchandise”), probably ultimately of Slavic origin; see German Kram. Related to Danish kram, Icelandic kram.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-noun-unc-irreg-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "kramet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"form": "kramets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kram",
"2": "kramet",
"3": "-",
"4": "-",
"5": "krams",
"6": "kramets",
"7": "-",
"8": "-",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Neuter",
"uncountable": "yes"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "krimskrams"
},
{
"word": "kräma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In order to be able to access such, indeed quite proper trifle but not paying much interest, he decided, with a particularly well-stocked coffer, to travel to Denmark's capital city, about thirty miles distant from his birthplace, Gothenburg.",
"ref": "1831, Fredrik Cederborgh, Berättelse om Den, först rike och ansedde, sedermera fattige och föraktade John Hall, page 5",
"text": "För att kunna åtkomma dylikt, wäl rätt artigt men föga räntegifwande kram, beslöt han, att, med en särdeles wäl försedd kaßa, resa till Danmarks hufwudstad, ungefär trettio mil aflägsen från deß födelseort Götheborg.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A merchandise, commodities, small and cheap products sold to consumers; trash (useless merchandise)."
],
"links": [
[
"merchandise",
"merchandise"
],
[
"commodities",
"commodities"
],
[
"trash",
"trash"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish adjectives",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish nouns with multiple genders",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "krama",
"3": "",
"4": "to squeeze, to hug"
},
"expansion": "krama (“to squeeze, to hug”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-adj-abs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"indefinite",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kramt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "krama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kram",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "kramsnö"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"links": [
[
"wet",
"wet"
],
[
"cloggy",
"cloggy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of snow) wet, cloggy; that easily forms snowballs"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of snow"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish adjectives",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish nouns with multiple genders",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "kramsjuk"
},
{
"word": "styrkekram"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "krama",
"3": "",
"4": "to squeeze, to hug"
},
"expansion": "krama (“to squeeze, to hug”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb krama (“to squeeze, to hug”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kramars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kramarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "c",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "kram c or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kram",
"2": "kramen",
"3": "kramar",
"4": "kramarna",
"5": "krams",
"6": "kramens",
"7": "kramars",
"8": "kramarnas",
"base": "kram",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Common"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a hug, an embrace"
],
"links": [
[
"hug",
"hug"
],
[
"embrace",
"embrace"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "kjam"
},
{
"tags": [
"childish",
"informal"
],
"word": "kramis"
},
{
"word": "omfamning"
}
],
"word": "kram"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.