"jau" meaning in All languages combined

See jau on Wiktionary

Noun [Bourguignon]

Forms: jaus [plural], geleigne [feminine]
Etymology: From Late Latin gallus. Etymology templates: {{inh|roa-brg|LL.|gallus}} Late Latin gallus Head templates: {{head|roa-brg|noun|plural|jaus|feminine|geleigne|g=m}} jau m (plural jaus, feminine geleigne)
  1. rooster Tags: masculine Related terms: geleigne
    Sense id: en-jau-roa-brg-noun-q4AXfC-o Categories (other): Bourguignon entries with incorrect language header

Verb [Catalan]

Rhymes: -aw Head templates: {{head|ca|verb form}} jau
  1. inflection of jaure: Tags: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person Form of: jaure
    Sense id: en-jau-ca-verb-FzTnb2Nv Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Catalan entries with incorrect language header: 34 16 34 16
  2. inflection of jaure: Tags: form-of, imperative, second-person, singular Form of: jaure
    Sense id: en-jau-ca-verb-B9im1Nyz Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Catalan entries with incorrect language header: 34 16 34 16
  3. inflection of jeure: Tags: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person Form of: jeure
    Sense id: en-jau-ca-verb-uD7w6QuJ Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Catalan entries with incorrect language header: 34 16 34 16
  4. inflection of jeure: Tags: form-of, imperative, second-person, singular Form of: jeure
    Sense id: en-jau-ca-verb-1ux2XO4- Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Catalan entries with incorrect language header: 34 16 34 16

Noun [Cubeo]

IPA: /xaˈu/
Head templates: {{head|cub|noun}} jau
  1. bark, beat Related terms: cutuyʉ, covióyʉ, órejayʉ, oyʉ, turuyʉ, upayʉ, veveyʉ, yávayʉ, yʉriayʉ, yavimi
    Sense id: en-jau-cub-noun-oYyk3NQ5 Categories (other): Cubeo entries with incorrect language header

Romanization [Gothic]

Head templates: {{head|got|romanization|head=}} jau, {{got-rom}} jau
  1. Romanization of 𐌾𐌰𐌿 Tags: alt-of, romanization Alternative form of: 𐌾𐌰𐌿
    Sense id: en-jau-got-romanization-wV1tWlQW Categories (other): Gothic entries with incorrect language header, Gothic romanizations

Adverb [Latvian]

IPA: [jàw] Audio: lv-riga-jau.ogg
Etymology: From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”). Etymology templates: {{der|lv|bat-pro|-}} Proto-Baltic, {{m|ine-bsl-pro|*jau}} *jau, {{der|lv|ine-pro|*h₁yów}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, {{m|ine-pro|*éy||that; he}} *éy (“that; he”), {{cog|lv|it}} Latvian it, {{cog|lt|jau|jaũ|already}} Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), {{cog|prg|iau||ever}} Old Prussian iau (“ever”), {{cog|cu|уже}} Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), {{m|cu|юже}} юже (juže), {{cog|ru|уже́||already}} Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), {{cog|got|𐌾𐌿||already}} Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), {{cog|goh|ju||already}} Old High German ju (“already”) Head templates: {{head|lv|adverb|head=}} jau, {{lv-adv}} jau
  1. used to indicate that an action or event has started, happened before the time of speaking; already
    Sense id: en-jau-lv-adv-IBuMtA6X Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian entries with language name categories using raw markup, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian particles Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 38 7 20 34 Disambiguation of Latvian entries with language name categories using raw markup: 37 7 27 28 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 38 4 24 33 Disambiguation of Latvian particles: 41 6 23 30
  2. used to indicate that an action or event is happening before its due time, earlier than expected or planned; already
    Sense id: en-jau-lv-adv-6zQN9uYr

Particle [Latvian]

IPA: [jàw] Audio: lv-riga-jau.ogg
Etymology: From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”). Etymology templates: {{der|lv|bat-pro|-}} Proto-Baltic, {{m|ine-bsl-pro|*jau}} *jau, {{der|lv|ine-pro|*h₁yów}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, {{m|ine-pro|*éy||that; he}} *éy (“that; he”), {{cog|lv|it}} Latvian it, {{cog|lt|jau|jaũ|already}} Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), {{cog|prg|iau||ever}} Old Prussian iau (“ever”), {{cog|cu|уже}} Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), {{m|cu|юже}} юже (juže), {{cog|ru|уже́||already}} Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), {{cog|got|𐌾𐌿||already}} Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), {{cog|goh|ju||already}} Old High German ju (“already”) Head templates: {{head|lv|particle}} jau
  1. used to reinforce the meaning of a word, phrase or sentence; really, indeed
    Sense id: en-jau-lv-particle-nuu9MMWA Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian words with falling intonation Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 38 7 20 34 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 38 4 24 33 Disambiguation of Latvian words with falling intonation: 21 13 39 27
  2. (usually with kā) used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality Tags: usually
    Sense id: en-jau-lv-particle-W8y3fBto Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 38 7 20 34 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 38 4 24 33

Adverb [Lithuanian]

Forms: jaũ [canonical]
Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jau. Cognate with Latvian jau and Polish już; outside of Balto-Slavic, compare Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Latin iam (“id”). Etymology templates: {{der|lt|ine-bsl-pro|*jau}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *jau, {{cog|lv|jau}} Latvian jau, {{cog|pl|już}} Polish już, {{cog|got|𐌾𐌿|t=already}} Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), {{cog|la|iam|t=id}} Latin iam (“id”) Head templates: {{head|lt|adverb|head=jaũ}} jaũ
  1. already Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers, Rick Derksen
    Sense id: en-jau-lt-adv-6lM5bK68 Categories (other): Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header

Adverb [Norwegian Nynorsk]

Etymology: From Old Norse jaur. Similar to Swedish jo (dialectal Swedish jau) Etymology templates: {{inh|nn|non|jaur}} Old Norse jaur, {{cog|sv|jo}} Swedish jo, {{cog|sv|jau}} Swedish jau Head templates: {{head|nn|adverb}} jau
  1. yes, in disagreement with the last speaker's negative statement; on the contrary
    Sense id: en-jau-nn-adv-7Tgw0YX1
  2. (colloquial) yes or no; expressing doubt Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: en-jau-nn-adv-WI~mJVaD
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: jo

Noun [Portuguese]

IPA: /ˈʒaw/ [Brazil], [ˈʒaʊ̯] [Brazil], /ˈʒaw/ [Portugal] Forms: jaus [plural]
Head templates: {{pt-noun|mfbysense}} jau m or f by sense (plural jaus)
  1. Javanese (person from Java) Tags: by-personal-gender, feminine, masculine Categories (topical): Nationalities Synonyms: javanês

Pronoun [Romansch]

Etymology: Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆. Etymology templates: {{dercat|rm|itc-pro|ine-pro|inh=2}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|rm|LL.|eo|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=I|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Late Latin eo, {{inh+|rm|LL.|eo|id=I}} Inherited from Late Latin eo, {{inh|rm|CL.|egō̆}} Classical Latin egō̆ Head templates: {{head|rm|pronoun}} jau
  1. I Tags: Rumantsch-Grischun Synonyms: jeu [Sursilvan], jou [Sutsilvan], ia [Surmiran], eau [Puter], eu [Vallander]
    Sense id: en-jau-rm-pron-qD3QzL~- Categories (other): Romansch entries with incorrect language header, Romansch pronouns, Rumantsch Grischun

Pronoun [Scanian]

Head templates: {{head|gmq-scy|pronoun}} jau
  1. I
    Sense id: en-jau-gmq-scy-pron-qD3QzL~- Categories (other): Scanian entries with incorrect language header, Scanian pronouns

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for jau meaning in All languages combined (20.0kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-brg",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "gallus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin gallus",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin gallus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jaus",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geleigne",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-brg",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "jaus",
        "5": "feminine",
        "6": "geleigne",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "jau m (plural jaus, feminine geleigne)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bourguignon",
  "lang_code": "roa-brg",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bourguignon entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rooster"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-roa-brg-noun-q4AXfC-o",
      "links": [
        [
          "rooster",
          "rooster"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "geleigne"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 16 34 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jaure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-ca-verb-FzTnb2Nv",
      "links": [
        [
          "jaure",
          "jaure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 16 34 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jaure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-ca-verb-B9im1Nyz",
      "links": [
        [
          "jaure",
          "jaure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 16 34 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jeure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-ca-verb-uD7w6QuJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "jeure",
          "jeure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 16 34 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jeure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-ca-verb-1ux2XO4-",
      "links": [
        [
          "jeure",
          "jeure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-aw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cub",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Cubeo",
  "lang_code": "cub",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Cubeo entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A brave dog barks.",
          "text": "Yavimi jarayʉ jau aiyame."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bark, beat"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-cub-noun-oYyk3NQ5",
      "links": [
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "cutuyʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "covióyʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "órejayʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "oyʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "turuyʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "upayʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "veveyʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "yávayʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "yʉriayʉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "yavimi"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xaˈu/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "romanization",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "got-rom"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gothic",
  "lang_code": "got",
  "pos": "romanization",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "𐌾𐌰𐌿"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gothic romanizations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Romanization of 𐌾𐌰𐌿"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-got-romanization-wV1tWlQW",
      "links": [
        [
          "𐌾𐌰𐌿",
          "𐌾𐌰𐌿#Gothic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*jau"
      },
      "expansion": "*jau",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁yów"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*éy",
        "3": "",
        "4": "that; he"
      },
      "expansion": "*éy (“that; he”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "it"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian it",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "jau",
        "3": "jaũ",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian jaũ (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "iau",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ever"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian iau (“ever”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "уже"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "юже"
      },
      "expansion": "юже (juže)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "уже́",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian уже́ (užé, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌾𐌿",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ju",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "adverb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "lv-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 7 20 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 7 27 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 4 24 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 6 23 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the sun is already up",
          "text": "saule jau aust",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he has already arrived",
          "text": "viņš jau atnāca",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I have already read this book",
          "text": "es šo grāmatu jau esmu lasījis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "they had already left the city when (their) uncle spoke again",
          "text": "viņi jau bija izbraukuši no pilsētas, kad tēvocis atkal ierunājās",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to indicate that an action or event has started, happened before the time of speaking; already"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-lv-adv-IBuMtA6X",
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate#English"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action#English"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event#English"
        ],
        [
          "has started",
          "start#English"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen#English"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ],
        [
          "speaking",
          "speaking#English"
        ],
        [
          "already",
          "already"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the plan must be carried out already today",
          "text": "plāns jānodod jau šodien",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he will set off tomorrow already",
          "text": "jau rīt viņš aizceļos",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "already in an hour (earlier than expected)",
          "text": "jau pēc stundas",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to indicate that an action or event is happening before its due time, earlier than expected or planned; already"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-lv-adv-6zQN9uYr",
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate#English"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action#English"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event#English"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen#English"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before#English"
        ],
        [
          "due",
          "due#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ],
        [
          "earlier",
          "earlier#English"
        ],
        [
          "expect",
          "expect#English"
        ],
        [
          "plan",
          "plan#English"
        ],
        [
          "already",
          "already"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[jàw]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg/Lv-riga-jau.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*jau"
      },
      "expansion": "*jau",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁yów"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*éy",
        "3": "",
        "4": "that; he"
      },
      "expansion": "*éy (“that; he”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "it"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian it",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "jau",
        "3": "jaũ",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian jaũ (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "iau",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ever"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian iau (“ever”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "уже"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "юже"
      },
      "expansion": "юже (juže)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "уже́",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian уже́ (užé, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌾𐌿",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ju",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 7 20 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 4 24 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 13 39 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "it is really a pity that it came out like that",
          "text": "žēl jau bija, ka tā iznāca",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "that is really self-evident",
          "text": "tas jau tāpat saprotams",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "it is indeed so",
          "text": "tā jau ir",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "that he didn't say",
          "text": "tā jau viņš neteica",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "good that was not",
          "text": "labi jau tas nebija",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "that is true... (said when reluctantly agreeing)",
          "text": "tā jau nu ir",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to reinforce the meaning of a word, phrase or sentence; really, indeed"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-lv-particle-nuu9MMWA",
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "reinforce",
          "reinforce#English"
        ],
        [
          "meaning",
          "meaning#English"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word#English"
        ],
        [
          "phrase",
          "phrase#English"
        ],
        [
          "sentence",
          "sentence#English"
        ],
        [
          "really",
          "really"
        ],
        [
          "indeed",
          "indeed"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 7 20 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 4 24 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he was naive, like a child",
          "text": "viņš bija naivs, kā jau bērns",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "it was fun, like in a party",
          "text": "bija jautri, kā jau viesībās",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "almost every day it rains, as if it were autumn",
          "text": "gandrīz katru dienu līst, kā jau rudenī",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-lv-particle-W8y3fBto",
      "links": [
        [
          "kā",
          "kā#Latvian"
        ],
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "reinforce",
          "reinforce#English"
        ],
        [
          "affirm",
          "affirm#English"
        ],
        [
          "sentence",
          "sentence#English"
        ],
        [
          "give",
          "give#English"
        ],
        [
          "more",
          "more#English"
        ],
        [
          "credibility",
          "credibility#English"
        ],
        [
          "generality",
          "generality#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with kā) used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with kā"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[jàw]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg/Lv-riga-jau.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "dar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*jau"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *jau",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "jau"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian jau",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "już"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish już",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌾𐌿",
        "t": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iam",
        "t": "id"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iam (“id”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jau. Cognate with Latvian jau and Polish już; outside of Balto-Slavic, compare Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Latin iam (“id”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jaũ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "adverb",
        "head": "jaũ"
      },
      "expansion": "jaũ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lithuanian",
  "lang_code": "lt",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "They have already returned.",
          "text": "Jau grįžo."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "already"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-lt-adv-6lM5bK68",
      "links": [
        [
          "already",
          "already"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "jaur"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse jaur",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "jo"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish jo",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "jau"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish jau",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse jaur. Similar to Swedish jo (dialectal Swedish jau)",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Aren’t you coming? Yes, I am.",
          "text": "Kjem du ikkje? – Jau, eg kjem.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "yes, in disagreement with the last speaker's negative statement; on the contrary"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-nn-adv-7Tgw0YX1",
      "links": [
        [
          "yes",
          "yes"
        ],
        [
          "on the contrary",
          "on the contrary"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "yes or no; expressing doubt"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-nn-adv-WI~mJVaD",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) yes or no; expressing doubt"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "jo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jaus",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mfbysense"
      },
      "expansion": "jau m or f by sense (plural jaus)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
          "parents": [
            "Masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
            "Nouns by gender",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pt",
          "name": "Nationalities",
          "orig": "pt:Nationalities",
          "parents": [
            "Demonyms",
            "People",
            "Names",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Javanese (person from Java)"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-pt-noun-o2yZtMaf",
      "links": [
        [
          "Javanese",
          "Javanese"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "javanês"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "by-personal-gender",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʒaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʒaʊ̯]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʒaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "eo",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "I",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin eo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "eo",
        "id": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin eo",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "CL.",
        "3": "egō̆"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Latin egō̆",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romansch",
  "lang_code": "rm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romansch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romansch pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Rumantsch Grischun",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-rm-pron-qD3QzL~-",
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "Sursilvan"
          ],
          "word": "jeu"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Sutsilvan"
          ],
          "word": "jou"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Surmiran"
          ],
          "word": "ia"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Puter"
          ],
          "word": "eau"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Vallander"
          ],
          "word": "eu"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Rumantsch-Grischun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-scy",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scanian",
  "lang_code": "gmq-scy",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scanian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I"
      ],
      "id": "en-jau-gmq-scy-pron-qD3QzL~-",
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-brg",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "gallus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin gallus",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin gallus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jaus",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geleigne",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-brg",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "jaus",
        "5": "feminine",
        "6": "geleigne",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "jau m (plural jaus, feminine geleigne)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bourguignon",
  "lang_code": "roa-brg",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "geleigne"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Bourguignon entries with incorrect language header",
        "Bourguignon lemmas",
        "Bourguignon masculine nouns",
        "Bourguignon nouns",
        "Bourguignon terms derived from Late Latin",
        "Bourguignon terms inherited from Late Latin"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rooster"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rooster",
          "rooster"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
    "Catalan non-lemma forms",
    "Catalan verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Catalan/aw",
    "Rhymes:Catalan/aw/1 syllable"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jaure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jaure",
          "jaure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jaure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jaure",
          "jaure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jaure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jeure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jeure",
          "jeure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jeure"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jeure",
          "jeure#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jeure:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-aw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cub",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Cubeo",
  "lang_code": "cub",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "cutuyʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "covióyʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "órejayʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "oyʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "turuyʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "upayʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "veveyʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "yávayʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "yʉriayʉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "yavimi"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cubeo entries with incorrect language header",
        "Cubeo lemmas",
        "Cubeo nouns",
        "Cubeo terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A brave dog barks.",
          "text": "Yavimi jarayʉ jau aiyame."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bark, beat"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xaˈu/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "romanization",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "got-rom"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gothic",
  "lang_code": "got",
  "pos": "romanization",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "𐌾𐌰𐌿"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Gothic non-lemma forms",
        "Gothic romanizations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Romanization of 𐌾𐌰𐌿"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "𐌾𐌰𐌿",
          "𐌾𐌰𐌿#Gothic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latvian adverbs",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian particles",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian terms with audio links",
    "Latvian time adverbs",
    "Latvian words with falling intonation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*jau"
      },
      "expansion": "*jau",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁yów"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*éy",
        "3": "",
        "4": "that; he"
      },
      "expansion": "*éy (“that; he”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "it"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian it",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "jau",
        "3": "jaũ",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian jaũ (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "iau",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ever"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian iau (“ever”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "уже"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "юже"
      },
      "expansion": "юже (juže)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "уже́",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian уже́ (užé, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌾𐌿",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ju",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "adverb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "lv-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the sun is already up",
          "text": "saule jau aust",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he has already arrived",
          "text": "viņš jau atnāca",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I have already read this book",
          "text": "es šo grāmatu jau esmu lasījis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "they had already left the city when (their) uncle spoke again",
          "text": "viņi jau bija izbraukuši no pilsētas, kad tēvocis atkal ierunājās",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to indicate that an action or event has started, happened before the time of speaking; already"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate#English"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action#English"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event#English"
        ],
        [
          "has started",
          "start#English"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen#English"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ],
        [
          "speaking",
          "speaking#English"
        ],
        [
          "already",
          "already"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the plan must be carried out already today",
          "text": "plāns jānodod jau šodien",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "he will set off tomorrow already",
          "text": "jau rīt viņš aizceļos",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "already in an hour (earlier than expected)",
          "text": "jau pēc stundas",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to indicate that an action or event is happening before its due time, earlier than expected or planned; already"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate#English"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action#English"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event#English"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen#English"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before#English"
        ],
        [
          "due",
          "due#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ],
        [
          "earlier",
          "earlier#English"
        ],
        [
          "expect",
          "expect#English"
        ],
        [
          "plan",
          "plan#English"
        ],
        [
          "already",
          "already"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[jàw]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg/Lv-riga-jau.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latvian adverbs",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian particles",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian terms with audio links",
    "Latvian time adverbs",
    "Latvian words with falling intonation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*jau"
      },
      "expansion": "*jau",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁yów"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*éy",
        "3": "",
        "4": "that; he"
      },
      "expansion": "*éy (“that; he”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "it"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian it",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "jau",
        "3": "jaũ",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian jaũ (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "iau",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ever"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian iau (“ever”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "уже"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "юже"
      },
      "expansion": "юже (juže)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "уже́",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian уже́ (užé, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌾𐌿",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ju",
        "3": "",
        "4": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "it is really a pity that it came out like that",
          "text": "žēl jau bija, ka tā iznāca",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "that is really self-evident",
          "text": "tas jau tāpat saprotams",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "it is indeed so",
          "text": "tā jau ir",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "that he didn't say",
          "text": "tā jau viņš neteica",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "good that was not",
          "text": "labi jau tas nebija",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "that is true... (said when reluctantly agreeing)",
          "text": "tā jau nu ir",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to reinforce the meaning of a word, phrase or sentence; really, indeed"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "reinforce",
          "reinforce#English"
        ],
        [
          "meaning",
          "meaning#English"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word#English"
        ],
        [
          "phrase",
          "phrase#English"
        ],
        [
          "sentence",
          "sentence#English"
        ],
        [
          "really",
          "really"
        ],
        [
          "indeed",
          "indeed"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he was naive, like a child",
          "text": "viņš bija naivs, kā jau bērns",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "it was fun, like in a party",
          "text": "bija jautri, kā jau viesībās",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "almost every day it rains, as if it were autumn",
          "text": "gandrīz katru dienu līst, kā jau rudenī",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kā",
          "kā#Latvian"
        ],
        [
          "use",
          "use#English"
        ],
        [
          "reinforce",
          "reinforce#English"
        ],
        [
          "affirm",
          "affirm#English"
        ],
        [
          "sentence",
          "sentence#English"
        ],
        [
          "give",
          "give#English"
        ],
        [
          "more",
          "more#English"
        ],
        [
          "credibility",
          "credibility#English"
        ],
        [
          "generality",
          "generality#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with kā) used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with kā"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[jàw]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg/Lv-riga-jau.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "dar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*jau"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *jau",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "jau"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian jau",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "już"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish już",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌾𐌿",
        "t": "already"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iam",
        "t": "id"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iam (“id”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jau. Cognate with Latvian jau and Polish już; outside of Balto-Slavic, compare Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Latin iam (“id”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jaũ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "adverb",
        "head": "jaũ"
      },
      "expansion": "jaũ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lithuanian",
  "lang_code": "lt",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Lithuanian adverbs",
        "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Lithuanian lemmas",
        "Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "They have already returned.",
          "text": "Jau grįžo."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "already"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "already",
          "already"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "jaur"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse jaur",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "jo"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish jo",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "jau"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish jau",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse jaur. Similar to Swedish jo (dialectal Swedish jau)",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Aren’t you coming? Yes, I am.",
          "text": "Kjem du ikkje? – Jau, eg kjem.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "yes, in disagreement with the last speaker's negative statement; on the contrary"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "yes",
          "yes"
        ],
        [
          "on the contrary",
          "on the contrary"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norwegian Nynorsk colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "yes or no; expressing doubt"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) yes or no; expressing doubt"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "jo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jaus",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mfbysense"
      },
      "expansion": "jau m or f by sense (plural jaus)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese 1-syllable words",
        "Portuguese countable nouns",
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese feminine nouns",
        "Portuguese lemmas",
        "Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
        "Portuguese masculine nouns",
        "Portuguese nouns",
        "Portuguese nouns with multiple genders",
        "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "pt:Nationalities"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Javanese (person from Java)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Javanese",
          "Javanese"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "javanês"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "by-personal-gender",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʒaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʒaʊ̯]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʒaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "eo",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "I",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin eo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "eo",
        "id": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin eo",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "CL.",
        "3": "egō̆"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Latin egō̆",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rm",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romansch",
  "lang_code": "rm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romansch entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romansch lemmas",
        "Romansch pronouns",
        "Romansch terms derived from Classical Latin",
        "Romansch terms derived from Late Latin",
        "Romansch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Romansch terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "Romansch terms inherited from Classical Latin",
        "Romansch terms inherited from Late Latin",
        "Romansch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Romansch terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
        "Rumantsch Grischun"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Rumantsch-Grischun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sursilvan"
      ],
      "word": "jeu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sutsilvan"
      ],
      "word": "jou"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Surmiran"
      ],
      "word": "ia"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puter"
      ],
      "word": "eau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Vallander"
      ],
      "word": "eu"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-scy",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "jau",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scanian",
  "lang_code": "gmq-scy",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Scanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Scanian lemmas",
        "Scanian pronouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jau"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.