See jau in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁yów"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "it"
},
"expansion": "Latvian it",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jau",
"3": "jaũ",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian jaũ (“already”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "iau",
"3": "",
"4": "ever"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian iau (“ever”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "уже"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "уже́",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Russian уже́ (užé, “already”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌾𐌿",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ju",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
"head_templates": [
{
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"head": ""
},
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{
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"name": "lv-adv"
}
],
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"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 12 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 10 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 9 14 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian particles",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the sun is already up",
"text": "saule jau aust",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he has already arrived",
"text": "viņš jau atnāca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I have already read this book",
"text": "es šo grāmatu jau esmu lasījis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "they had already left the city when (their) uncle spoke again",
"text": "viņi jau bija izbraukuši no pilsētas, kad tēvocis atkal ierunājās",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate that an action or event has started, happened before the time of speaking; already"
],
"id": "en-jau-lv-adv-IBuMtA6X",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"action",
"action#English"
],
[
"event",
"event#English"
],
[
"has started",
"start#English"
],
[
"happen",
"happen#English"
],
[
"before",
"before#English"
],
[
"time",
"time#English"
],
[
"speaking",
"speaking#English"
],
[
"already",
"already"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the plan must be carried out already today",
"text": "plāns jānodod jau šodien",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he will set off tomorrow already",
"text": "jau rīt viņš aizceļos",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "already in an hour (earlier than expected)",
"text": "jau pēc stundas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate that an action or event is happening before its due time, earlier than expected or planned; already"
],
"id": "en-jau-lv-adv-6zQN9uYr",
"links": [
[
"use",
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[
"indicate",
"indicate#English"
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"action",
"action#English"
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"event",
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],
[
"happen",
"happen#English"
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[
"before",
"before#English"
],
[
"due",
"due#English"
],
[
"time",
"time#English"
],
[
"earlier",
"earlier#English"
],
[
"expect",
"expect#English"
],
[
"plan",
"plan#English"
],
[
"already",
"already"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jàw]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg/Lv-riga-jau.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg"
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"3": "-"
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{
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁yów"
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów",
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},
{
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"2": "it"
},
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"3": "jaũ",
"4": "already"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "iau",
"3": "",
"4": "ever"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian iau (“ever”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "уже"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "уже́",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Russian уже́ (užé, “already”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌾𐌿",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ju",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
"head_templates": [
{
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"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "jau",
"name": "head"
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],
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"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 15 42 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it is really a pity that it came out like that",
"text": "žēl jau bija, ka tā iznāca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that is really self-evident",
"text": "tas jau tāpat saprotams",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "it is indeed so",
"text": "tā jau ir",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that he didn't say",
"text": "tā jau viņš neteica",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "good that was not",
"text": "labi jau tas nebija",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that is true... (said when reluctantly agreeing)",
"text": "tā jau nu ir",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to reinforce the meaning of a word, phrase or sentence; really, indeed"
],
"id": "en-jau-lv-particle-nuu9MMWA",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce#English"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#English"
],
[
"word",
"word#English"
],
[
"phrase",
"phrase#English"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#English"
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[
"really",
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],
[
"indeed",
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]
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},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he was naive, like a child",
"text": "viņš bija naivs, kā jau bērns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "it was fun, like in a party",
"text": "bija jautri, kā jau viesībās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "almost every day it rains, as if it were autumn",
"text": "gandrīz katru dienu līst, kā jau rudenī",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
],
"id": "en-jau-lv-particle-W8y3fBto",
"links": [
[
"kā",
"kā#Latvian"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce#English"
],
[
"affirm",
"affirm#English"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#English"
],
[
"give",
"give#English"
],
[
"more",
"more#English"
],
[
"credibility",
"credibility#English"
],
[
"generality",
"generality#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually with kā) used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with kā"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "[jàw]"
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{
"audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
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"word": "jau"
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{
"categories": [
"Latvian adverbs",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian particles",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian time adverbs",
"Latvian words with falling intonation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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{
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"2": "it"
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jau",
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"4": "already"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "iau",
"3": "",
"4": "ever"
},
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"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "уже"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"1": "ru",
"2": "уже́",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Russian уже́ (užé, “already”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌾𐌿",
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"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”)",
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},
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"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ju",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
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"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adv",
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{
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"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
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{
"english": "the sun is already up",
"text": "saule jau aust",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he has already arrived",
"text": "viņš jau atnāca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I have already read this book",
"text": "es šo grāmatu jau esmu lasījis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "they had already left the city when (their) uncle spoke again",
"text": "viņi jau bija izbraukuši no pilsētas, kad tēvocis atkal ierunājās",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate that an action or event has started, happened before the time of speaking; already"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"action",
"action#English"
],
[
"event",
"event#English"
],
[
"has started",
"start#English"
],
[
"happen",
"happen#English"
],
[
"before",
"before#English"
],
[
"time",
"time#English"
],
[
"speaking",
"speaking#English"
],
[
"already",
"already"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the plan must be carried out already today",
"text": "plāns jānodod jau šodien",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he will set off tomorrow already",
"text": "jau rīt viņš aizceļos",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "already in an hour (earlier than expected)",
"text": "jau pēc stundas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate that an action or event is happening before its due time, earlier than expected or planned; already"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"action",
"action#English"
],
[
"event",
"event#English"
],
[
"happen",
"happen#English"
],
[
"before",
"before#English"
],
[
"due",
"due#English"
],
[
"time",
"time#English"
],
[
"earlier",
"earlier#English"
],
[
"expect",
"expect#English"
],
[
"plan",
"plan#English"
],
[
"already",
"already"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jàw]"
},
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"audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg/Lv-riga-jau.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg"
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],
"word": "jau"
}
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"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian particles",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian time adverbs",
"Latvian words with falling intonation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "ever"
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"args": {
"1": "cu",
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"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic уже (uže)",
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},
{
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"1": "ru",
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"3": "",
"4": "already"
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ju",
"3": "",
"4": "already"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ju (“already”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jau, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yów, from the stem *éy (“that; he”) (whence also Latvian it, q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian jaũ (“already”), Old Prussian iau (“ever”), Old Church Slavonic уже (uže), юже (juže), Russian уже́ (užé, “already”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿 (ju, “already”), Old High German ju (“already”).",
"head_templates": [
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"lang_code": "lv",
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{
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],
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{
"english": "it is really a pity that it came out like that",
"text": "žēl jau bija, ka tā iznāca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that is really self-evident",
"text": "tas jau tāpat saprotams",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "it is indeed so",
"text": "tā jau ir",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that he didn't say",
"text": "tā jau viņš neteica",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "good that was not",
"text": "labi jau tas nebija",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that is true... (said when reluctantly agreeing)",
"text": "tā jau nu ir",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to reinforce the meaning of a word, phrase or sentence; really, indeed"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce#English"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#English"
],
[
"word",
"word#English"
],
[
"phrase",
"phrase#English"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#English"
],
[
"really",
"really"
],
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he was naive, like a child",
"text": "viņš bija naivs, kā jau bērns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "it was fun, like in a party",
"text": "bija jautri, kā jau viesībās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "almost every day it rains, as if it were autumn",
"text": "gandrīz katru dienu līst, kā jau rudenī",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
],
"links": [
[
"kā",
"kā#Latvian"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce#English"
],
[
"affirm",
"affirm#English"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence#English"
],
[
"give",
"give#English"
],
[
"more",
"more#English"
],
[
"credibility",
"credibility#English"
],
[
"generality",
"generality#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually with kā) used to reinforce what is affirmed in a sentence, to give it more credibility, more generality"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with kā"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jàw]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-jau.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg/Lv-riga-jau.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Lv-riga-jau.ogg"
}
],
"word": "jau"
}
Download raw JSONL data for jau meaning in Latvian (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.