See houwen on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for houwen meaning in All languages combined (11.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "houw",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: houw",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: houw (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "houwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch houwen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "houwan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch houwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hauwan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hauwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hawwaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to hew, forge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch houwen, from Old Dutch houwan, from Proto-West Germanic *hauwan, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gehouwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gehouwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "houwen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"houwen"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "houw",
"2": "hieuw",
"3": "houwen",
"class": "7"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "houw",
"2": "",
"3": "houwen"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "55 9 20 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "afhouwen"
},
{
"word": "beeldhouwen"
},
{
"word": "behouwen"
},
{
"word": "houwdegen"
},
{
"word": "houwer"
},
{
"word": "inhouwen"
},
{
"word": "omhouwen"
},
{
"word": "uithouwen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hew"
],
"id": "en-houwen-nl-verb-Ca4I~c98",
"links": [
[
"hew",
"hew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to hew"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɦɑu̯ə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑu̯ən"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-houwen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Nl-houwen.ogg/Nl-houwen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Nl-houwen.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "houwen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "houwen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: houwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: houwen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "houwe"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: houwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: houwe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "houwan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch houwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hauwan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hauwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hawwaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to hew, forge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch houwan, from Proto-West Germanic *hauwan, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hieu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hieut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gehouwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "houwen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "houwen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "houw",
"2": "hiew",
"3": "hiew",
"4": "gehouwen",
"class": "7"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to chop, to hew"
],
"id": "en-houwen-dum-verb-nNkCSSZP",
"links": [
[
"chop",
"chop"
],
[
"hew",
"hew"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to chop down, to fell"
],
"id": "en-houwen-dum-verb-o5KfGrHl",
"links": [
[
"chop down",
"chop down"
],
[
"fell",
"fell"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to chop into pieces"
],
"id": "en-houwen-dum-verb-82G8IxtT",
"links": [
[
"chop",
"chop"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to slash"
],
"id": "en-houwen-dum-verb-ihjIZCmR",
"links": [
[
"slash",
"slash"
]
]
}
],
"word": "houwen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch class 7 strong verbs",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "afhouwen"
},
{
"word": "beeldhouwen"
},
{
"word": "behouwen"
},
{
"word": "houwdegen"
},
{
"word": "houwer"
},
{
"word": "inhouwen"
},
{
"word": "omhouwen"
},
{
"word": "uithouwen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "houw",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: houw",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: houw (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "houwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch houwen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "houwan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch houwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hauwan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hauwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hawwaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to hew, forge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch houwen, from Old Dutch houwan, from Proto-West Germanic *hauwan, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hieuwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gehouwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "houw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gehouwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "houwen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"houwen"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "houw",
"2": "hieuw",
"3": "houwen",
"class": "7"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "houw",
"2": "",
"3": "houwen"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch class 7 strong verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs with strong past participles",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯ən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯ən/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"to hew"
],
"links": [
[
"hew",
"hew"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to hew"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɦɑu̯ə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑu̯ən"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-houwen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Nl-houwen.ogg/Nl-houwen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Nl-houwen.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "houwen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch class 7 strong verbs",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "houwen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: houwen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: houwen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "houwe"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: houwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: houwe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "houwan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch houwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hauwan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hauwan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hawwaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to hew, forge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch houwan, from Proto-West Germanic *hauwan, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną (“to hew, forge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hieu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hieut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiewe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "houwende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gehouwen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "houwen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "houwen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "houw",
"2": "hiew",
"3": "hiew",
"4": "gehouwen",
"class": "7"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to chop, to hew"
],
"links": [
[
"chop",
"chop"
],
[
"hew",
"hew"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to chop down, to fell"
],
"links": [
[
"chop down",
"chop down"
],
[
"fell",
"fell"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to chop into pieces"
],
"links": [
[
"chop",
"chop"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to slash"
],
"links": [
[
"slash",
"slash"
]
]
}
],
"word": "houwen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.