See hardy on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hardy meaning in All languages combined (23.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cold hardy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hale and hardy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "half-hardy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hardihead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hardihood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hardily"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hardiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Hardy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hardy kiwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hardy perennial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hardy"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hardy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "hardy, daring, stout, bold"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardir"
},
"expansion": "hardir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ardir"
},
"expansion": "Occitan ardir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ardire"
},
"expansion": "Italian ardire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"oc\">ardir</i>, Italian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"it\">ardire</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hardijan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hardijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardi"
},
"expansion": "*hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hard"
},
"expansion": "*hard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "harti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German harti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "herti"
},
"expansion": "herti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hart",
"3": "",
"4": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hart (“hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardig"
},
"expansion": "*hardig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "herdich",
"3": "",
"4": "persevering"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "hærdig"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish hærdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "herdig"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian herdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "härdig",
"3": "",
"4": "vigorous, courageous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hard",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hardy, hardi, from Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”).\nOld French hardi is usually regarded as the past participle of hardir (\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire), from Frankish *hardijan; but it may also have come directly from Frankish *hardi, a secondary form of Frankish *hard (compare Old High German harti, herti, secondary forms of Old High German hart (“hard”)); or even yet from Frankish *hardig (compare Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”), Old Danish hærdig, Norwegian herdig, Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)).\nCognate with hard. May have at some point also been surface analysed as hard + -y.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hardier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "hardiest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "hardy (comparative hardier, superlative hardiest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "foolhardy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824, R. W. Dickson, “Hogs or Swine § Swing-tailed Breed or Sort”, in A Complete System of Improved Live Stock and Cattle Management; […], volume 2, London, →OCLC, page 287",
"text": "It is an useful sort of the smaller kind of hogs, that is hardy in its nature and of considerable weight in proportion to its size.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Even adding 1mm of thickness to the cardboard, to make it hardier, might use up a substantial forest when multiplied across hundreds of billions of boxes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships."
],
"id": "en-hardy-en-adj-NHtvYZVN",
"links": [
[
"rugged",
"rugged"
],
[
"inured",
"inured"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hearty"
},
{
"word": "robust"
},
{
"word": "rugged"
},
{
"word": "strong"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kalen",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "кален"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izdrǎžliv",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "издръжлив"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robust"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "頑強"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wánqiáng",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "顽强"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "cold-proof",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nàihán",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "耐寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "otužilý"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "odolný"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "hårdfør"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "modstandsdygtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "stovt"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "kylmänkestävä"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "sitkeä"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robuste"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of a plant",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "rustique"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "abgehärtet"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "widerstandsfähig"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "szívós"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "ellenálló"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "edzett"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "herkinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "cróga"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "crógach"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "cróganta"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "cruadhéanta"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "resistente"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robusto"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"alt": "がんじょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ganjō na",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "頑丈な"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"alt": "がんきょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gankyō na",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "頑強な"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "çiirg",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "чиирг"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "hoatlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "resistente"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vynóslivyj",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "выно́сливый"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stójkij",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "сто́йкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "cold-proof",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "morozoustójčivyj",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "морозоусто́йчивый"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "seasoned",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakaljónnyj",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "закалённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "tapaidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "fulangach"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robusto"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 5 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "resistente"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A hardy plant is one that can withstand the extremes of climate, such as frost.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1880, Arthur Herbert Church, Food: Some Account of Its Sources, Constituents and Uses, London: Chapman and Hall, page 72",
"text": "The oat is hardier than wheat, and ripens in higher latitudes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, David L. Culp, The Layered Garden: Design Lessons for Year-Round Beauty from Brandywine Cottage, Timber Press, page 503",
"text": "By watching where the snow melted first, I discovered warmer spots that I knew would be possible locations for late-winter bloomers or borderline hardy plants.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Able to survive adverse growing conditions."
],
"id": "en-hardy-en-adj-UnocqWDq",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Able to survive adverse growing conditions."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hearty"
},
{
"word": "robust"
},
{
"word": "rugged"
},
{
"word": "strong"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Brave and resolute."
],
"id": "en-hardy-en-adj-NoAaDpc5",
"links": [
[
"Brave",
"brave"
],
[
"resolute",
"resolute"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Impudent."
],
"id": "en-hardy-en-adj-ekLIKOgm",
"links": [
[
"Impudent",
"impudent"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹdi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːdi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)di"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-hardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg/En-us-hardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hardy"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hardy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "hardy, daring, stout, bold"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardir"
},
"expansion": "hardir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ardir"
},
"expansion": "Occitan ardir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ardire"
},
"expansion": "Italian ardire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"oc\">ardir</i>, Italian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"it\">ardire</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hardijan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hardijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardi"
},
"expansion": "*hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hard"
},
"expansion": "*hard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "harti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German harti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "herti"
},
"expansion": "herti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hart",
"3": "",
"4": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hart (“hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardig"
},
"expansion": "*hardig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "herdich",
"3": "",
"4": "persevering"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "hærdig"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish hærdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "herdig"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian herdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "härdig",
"3": "",
"4": "vigorous, courageous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hard",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hardy, hardi, from Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”).\nOld French hardi is usually regarded as the past participle of hardir (\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire), from Frankish *hardijan; but it may also have come directly from Frankish *hardi, a secondary form of Frankish *hard (compare Old High German harti, herti, secondary forms of Old High German hart (“hard”)); or even yet from Frankish *hardig (compare Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”), Old Danish hærdig, Norwegian herdig, Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)).\nCognate with hard. May have at some point also been surface analysed as hard + -y.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hardies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hardy (plural hardies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009 June 1, David Carr, “Cast Out, but Still Reporting”, in New York Times",
"text": "Across the country, various bands of journalistic hardies — newsroom pros whose services are no longer salient to a crippled and disrupted information economy — have taken matters into their own hands.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anything, especially a plant, that is hardy."
],
"id": "en-hardy-en-noun-MHPV3MdF",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) Anything, especially a plant, that is hardy."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 10 11 0 4 44 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "en:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blacksmith's fuller or chisel, having a square shank for insertion into a square hole in an anvil."
],
"id": "en-hardy-en-noun-rpVndgbG",
"links": [
[
"blacksmith",
"blacksmith"
],
[
"fuller",
"fuller"
],
[
"chisel",
"chisel"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"shank",
"shank"
],
[
"insertion",
"insertion"
],
[
"anvil",
"anvil"
],
[
"Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary",
"w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909"
],
[
"G. & C. Merriam",
"w:Merriam-Webster"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 12 7 0 0 3 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardy hole"
],
"id": "en-hardy-en-noun-sL3WgoHs",
"links": [
[
"hardy hole",
"hardy hole"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹdi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːdi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)di"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-hardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg/En-us-hardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "French: hardi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: hardi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French hardi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hardye",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardys",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardyes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{mp2}}}",
"11": "feminine plural",
"12": "hardyes",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "hardys",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "hardye",
"7": "masculine plural",
"8": "hardys",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hardy m (feminine singular hardye, masculine plural hardys, feminine plural hardyes)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hardy m (feminine singular hardye, masculine plural hardys, feminine plural hardyes)",
"name": "frm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardy (having rugged physical strength)"
],
"id": "en-hardy-frm-adj-L7nMYdup",
"links": [
[
"hardy",
"hardy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "hardy",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kashubian: hardy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kashubian: hardy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cs",
"3": "hrdý",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Czech hrdý",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cs",
"3": "hrdý"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Czech hrdý",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Displaced"
},
"expansion": "Displaced",
"name": "glink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gardy",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of gardy",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Czech hrdý. Displaced and doublet of gardy, an inherited form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bardziej hardy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "najbardziej hardy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hardy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "hardemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "hardego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peri",
"adv": "hardo"
},
"expansion": "hardy (comparative bardziej hardy, superlative najbardziej hardy, derived adverb hardo)",
"name": "pl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"har‧dy"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hardość"
},
{
"word": "hardzieć"
},
{
"word": "zhardzieć"
}
],
"glosses": [
"haughty, supercilious, arrogant"
],
"id": "en-hardy-pl-adj-jb0tE8Bb",
"links": [
[
"haughty",
"haughty"
],
[
"supercilious",
"supercilious"
],
[
"arrogant",
"arrogant"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "butny"
},
{
"word": "dumny"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxar.dɨ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ardɨ"
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)di",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)di/2 syllables",
"en:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cold hardy"
},
{
"word": "hale and hardy"
},
{
"word": "half-hardy"
},
{
"word": "hardihead"
},
{
"word": "hardihood"
},
{
"word": "hardily"
},
{
"word": "hardiness"
},
{
"word": "Hardy"
},
{
"word": "hardy kiwi"
},
{
"word": "hardy perennial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hardy"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hardy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "hardy, daring, stout, bold"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardir"
},
"expansion": "hardir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ardir"
},
"expansion": "Occitan ardir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ardire"
},
"expansion": "Italian ardire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"oc\">ardir</i>, Italian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"it\">ardire</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hardijan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hardijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardi"
},
"expansion": "*hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hard"
},
"expansion": "*hard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "harti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German harti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "herti"
},
"expansion": "herti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hart",
"3": "",
"4": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hart (“hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardig"
},
"expansion": "*hardig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "herdich",
"3": "",
"4": "persevering"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "hærdig"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish hærdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "herdig"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian herdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "härdig",
"3": "",
"4": "vigorous, courageous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hard",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hardy, hardi, from Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”).\nOld French hardi is usually regarded as the past participle of hardir (\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire), from Frankish *hardijan; but it may also have come directly from Frankish *hardi, a secondary form of Frankish *hard (compare Old High German harti, herti, secondary forms of Old High German hart (“hard”)); or even yet from Frankish *hardig (compare Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”), Old Danish hærdig, Norwegian herdig, Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)).\nCognate with hard. May have at some point also been surface analysed as hard + -y.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hardier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "hardiest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "hardy (comparative hardier, superlative hardiest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "foolhardy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824, R. W. Dickson, “Hogs or Swine § Swing-tailed Breed or Sort”, in A Complete System of Improved Live Stock and Cattle Management; […], volume 2, London, →OCLC, page 287",
"text": "It is an useful sort of the smaller kind of hogs, that is hardy in its nature and of considerable weight in proportion to its size.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Even adding 1mm of thickness to the cardboard, to make it hardier, might use up a substantial forest when multiplied across hundreds of billions of boxes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships."
],
"links": [
[
"rugged",
"rugged"
],
[
"inured",
"inured"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hearty"
},
{
"word": "robust"
},
{
"word": "rugged"
},
{
"word": "strong"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A hardy plant is one that can withstand the extremes of climate, such as frost.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1880, Arthur Herbert Church, Food: Some Account of Its Sources, Constituents and Uses, London: Chapman and Hall, page 72",
"text": "The oat is hardier than wheat, and ripens in higher latitudes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, David L. Culp, The Layered Garden: Design Lessons for Year-Round Beauty from Brandywine Cottage, Timber Press, page 503",
"text": "By watching where the snow melted first, I discovered warmer spots that I knew would be possible locations for late-winter bloomers or borderline hardy plants.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Able to survive adverse growing conditions."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Able to survive adverse growing conditions."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hearty"
},
{
"word": "robust"
},
{
"word": "rugged"
},
{
"word": "strong"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Brave and resolute."
],
"links": [
[
"Brave",
"brave"
],
[
"resolute",
"resolute"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Impudent."
],
"links": [
[
"Impudent",
"impudent"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹdi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːdi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)di"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-hardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg/En-us-hardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kalen",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "кален"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izdrǎžliv",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "издръжлив"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robust"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "頑強"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wánqiáng",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "顽强"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "cold-proof",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nàihán",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "耐寒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "otužilý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "odolný"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "hårdfør"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "modstandsdygtig"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "stovt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "kylmänkestävä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "sitkeä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robuste"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of a plant",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "rustique"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "abgehärtet"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "widerstandsfähig"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "szívós"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "ellenálló"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "edzett"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "herkinn"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "cróga"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "crógach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "cróganta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "cruadhéanta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "resistente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robusto"
},
{
"alt": "がんじょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ganjō na",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "頑丈な"
},
{
"alt": "がんきょうな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gankyō na",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "頑強な"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "çiirg",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "чиирг"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "hoatlich"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "resistente"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vynóslivyj",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "выно́сливый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stójkij",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "сто́йкий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "cold-proof",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "morozoustójčivyj",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "морозоусто́йчивый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "seasoned",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakaljónnyj",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "закалённый"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "tapaidh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "fulangach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "robusto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inured to fatigue or hardships",
"word": "resistente"
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)di",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)di/2 syllables",
"en:Tools"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hardy"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hardy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi",
"4": "",
"5": "hardy, daring, stout, bold"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hardir"
},
"expansion": "hardir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ardir"
},
"expansion": "Occitan ardir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ardire"
},
"expansion": "Italian ardire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"oc\">ardir</i>, Italian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"it\">ardire</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hardijan"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hardijan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardi"
},
"expansion": "*hardi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hard"
},
"expansion": "*hard",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "harti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German harti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "herti"
},
"expansion": "herti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hart",
"3": "",
"4": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hart (“hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hardig"
},
"expansion": "*hardig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "herdich",
"3": "",
"4": "persevering"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "hærdig"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish hærdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "herdig"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian herdig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "härdig",
"3": "",
"4": "vigorous, courageous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hard"
},
"expansion": "hard",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hardy, hardi, from Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”).\nOld French hardi is usually regarded as the past participle of hardir (\"to harden, be bold, make bold\"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire), from Frankish *hardijan; but it may also have come directly from Frankish *hardi, a secondary form of Frankish *hard (compare Old High German harti, herti, secondary forms of Old High German hart (“hard”)); or even yet from Frankish *hardig (compare Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”), Old Danish hærdig, Norwegian herdig, Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)).\nCognate with hard. May have at some point also been surface analysed as hard + -y.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hardies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hardy (plural hardies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009 June 1, David Carr, “Cast Out, but Still Reporting”, in New York Times",
"text": "Across the country, various bands of journalistic hardies — newsroom pros whose services are no longer salient to a crippled and disrupted information economy — have taken matters into their own hands.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anything, especially a plant, that is hardy."
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) Anything, especially a plant, that is hardy."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A blacksmith's fuller or chisel, having a square shank for insertion into a square hole in an anvil."
],
"links": [
[
"blacksmith",
"blacksmith"
],
[
"fuller",
"fuller"
],
[
"chisel",
"chisel"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"shank",
"shank"
],
[
"insertion",
"insertion"
],
[
"anvil",
"anvil"
],
[
"Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary",
"w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909"
],
[
"G. & C. Merriam",
"w:Merriam-Webster"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hardy hole"
],
"links": [
[
"hardy hole",
"hardy hole"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹdi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑːdi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)di"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-hardy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg/En-us-hardy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/En-us-hardy.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "French: hardi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: hardi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hardi"
},
"expansion": "Old French hardi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French hardi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hardye",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardys",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardyes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{mp2}}}",
"11": "feminine plural",
"12": "hardyes",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "hardys",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "hardye",
"7": "masculine plural",
"8": "hardys",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hardy m (feminine singular hardye, masculine plural hardys, feminine plural hardyes)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hardy m (feminine singular hardye, masculine plural hardys, feminine plural hardyes)",
"name": "frm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle French adjectives",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French"
],
"glosses": [
"hardy (having rugged physical strength)"
],
"links": [
[
"hardy",
"hardy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "hardość"
},
{
"word": "hardzieć"
},
{
"word": "zhardzieć"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "hardy",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kashubian: hardy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kashubian: hardy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cs",
"3": "hrdý",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Czech hrdý",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cs",
"3": "hrdý"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Czech hrdý",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Displaced"
},
"expansion": "Displaced",
"name": "glink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gardy",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of gardy",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Czech hrdý. Displaced and doublet of gardy, an inherited form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bardziej hardy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "najbardziej hardy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hardy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "hardemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "hardego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "harde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hardych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peri",
"adv": "hardo"
},
"expansion": "hardy (comparative bardziej hardy, superlative najbardziej hardy, derived adverb hardo)",
"name": "pl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"har‧dy"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish adjectives",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish hard adjectives",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms borrowed from Czech",
"Polish terms derived from Czech",
"Polish terms derived from Old Czech",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ardɨ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ardɨ/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"haughty, supercilious, arrogant"
],
"links": [
[
"haughty",
"haughty"
],
[
"supercilious",
"supercilious"
],
[
"arrogant",
"arrogant"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "butny"
},
{
"word": "dumny"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxar.dɨ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ardɨ"
}
],
"word": "hardy"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb hardo",
"path": [
"hardy"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "hardy",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-virile'",
"path": [
"hardy"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "hardy",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.