"gardener" meaning in All languages combined

See gardener on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈɡɑɹd.n̩.ɚ/ [General-American], /ˈɡɑɹd.nɚ/ [General-American], /ˈɡɑːd.n̩.ə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɑːd.nə/ [Received-Pronunciation] Audio: en-us-gardener.ogg [US] Forms: gardeners [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English gardener, either calqued or loaned from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French gardinier. See garden, and compare German Gärtner (“gardener”), which is equivalent to a derivative of the German cognate to English garden, Garten (“garden”), + -er. Displaced native Old English wyrtweard. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|gardener}} Middle English gardener, {{der|en|xno|-}} Anglo-Norman, {{der|en|fro-nor|gardinier}} Old Northern French gardinier, {{m+|de|Gärtner||gardener}} German Gärtner (“gardener”), {{m+|en|garden}} English garden, {{m|de|Garten||garden}} Garten (“garden”), {{m|de|-er}} -er, {{ncog|ang|wyrtweard}} Old English wyrtweard Head templates: {{en-noun}} gardener (plural gardeners)
  1. One who gardens; one who grows plants or cultivates a garden. Categories (topical): Horticulture, Occupations, People Translations (one who gardens): tuinier (Afrikaans), howenier (Afrikaans), kopshtar [masculine] (Albanian), kopshtare [feminine] (Albanian), κηπουρός (kēpourós) [masculine] (Ancient Greek), κηπεύς (kēpeús) [masculine] (Ancient Greek), بُسْتَانِيّ (bustāniyy) [masculine] (Arabic), بُسْتَانِيَّة (bustāniyya) [feminine] (Arabic), جَنَائِنِيّ (janāʔiniyy) [masculine] (Arabic), جَنَائِنِيَّة (janāʔiniyya) [feminine] (Arabic), այգեպան (aygepan) (Armenian), պարտիզպան (partizpan) (Armenian), xardineru [masculine] (Asturian), xardinera [feminine] (Asturian), bağban (Azerbaijani), баҡсасы (baqsası) (Bashkir), lorezain (Basque), садо́ўнік (sadóŭnik) [masculine] (Belarusian), садо́ўніца (sadóŭnica) [feminine] (Belarusian), মালী (mali) (Bengali), উদ্যানপাল (uddanpal) (Bengali), градина́р (gradinár) [masculine] (Bulgarian), градина́рка (gradinárka) [feminine] (Bulgarian), မာလီ (mali) (Burmese), ဥယျာဉ်မှူး (u.yyanyhmu:) (Burmese), jardiner [masculine] (Catalan), jardinera [feminine] (Catalan), باخەوان (baxewan) (Central Kurdish), 園丁 (Chinese Mandarin), 园丁 (yuándīng) (Chinese Mandarin), 花匠 (huājiàng) (Chinese Mandarin), zahradník [masculine] (Czech), zahradnice [feminine] (Czech), gartner [common-gender] (Danish), hovenier [masculine] (Dutch), tuinier [masculine] (Dutch), tuinman [masculine] (Dutch), tuinvrouw [feminine] (Dutch), tuinlieden [masculine, plural] (Dutch), kA-A-m-w-Z5-A1 (kꜣmw) (Egyptian), D28:D21-M17-M17-M43-A1 (kꜣry) (Egyptian), ĝardenisto [feminine, masculine] (Esperanto), ĝardenistino [feminine] (Esperanto), aednik (Estonian), puutarhuri (Finnish), jardinier [masculine] (French), jardinière [feminine] (French), xardineiro [masculine] (Galician), xardineira [feminine] (Galician), მებაღე (mebaɣe) (Georgian), მემტილე (memṭile) (Georgian), მებაღჩე (mebaɣče) (Georgian), Gärtner [masculine] (German), Gärtnerin [feminine] (German), κηπουρός (kipourós) [feminine, masculine] (Greek), גַּנָּן (ganán) [masculine] (Hebrew), माली (mālī) [masculine] (Hindi), बाग़बान (bāġbān) [masculine] (Hindi), kertész (Hungarian), gardenisto [feminine, masculine] (Ido), gardenistulo [masculine] (Ido), gardenistino [feminine] (Ido), tukang kebun (Indonesian), giardiniere [masculine] (Italian), giardiniera [feminine] (Italian), 園丁 (entei) (alt: えんてい) (Japanese), 庭師 (niwashi) (alt: にわし) (Japanese), баушы (bauşy) (Kazakh), бақшы (baqşy) (Kazakh), бағбан (bağban) (Kazakh), អារាមិក (ʼaaraamɨk) (Khmer), អ្នកថែសួន (nĕək thae suən) (Khmer), អារាមិកា (ʼaaraamikaa) [feminine] (Khmer), 원예사 (wonyesa) (alt: 園藝師) (Korean), 정원사 (jeong'wonsa) (alt: 庭園師) (Korean), бавчу (bawçu) (Kumyk), багбан (bagban) (Kyrgyz), бакчы (bakcı) (Kyrgyz), bahcheván [Roman, masculine] (Ladino), ຄົນເຮັດສວນ (khon het sūan) (Lao), ຊາວສວນ (sāo sūan) (Lao), hortulānus [masculine] (Latin), olitor [masculine] (Latin), olitrīx [feminine] (Latin), dārznieks [masculine] (Latvian), dārzniece [feminine] (Latvian), sodininkas [masculine] (Lithuanian), sodininkė [feminine] (Lithuanian), Goorner [German-Low-German, masculine] (Low German), Goornerin [German-Low-German, feminine] (Low German), Goornersch [German-Low-German, feminine] (Low German), Goornersche [German-Low-German, feminine] (Low German), градинар (gradinar) [masculine] (Macedonian), градинарка (gradinarka) [feminine] (Macedonian), ᠶᠠᡶᠠᠰᡳ (yafasi) (Manchu), gareyder [masculine] (Manx), kaimahi māra (Maori), paruauru (Maori), kaingaki māra (Maori), माळी (māḷī) [masculine] (Marathi), цэцэрлэгч (cecerlegč) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢ (čečerliɣči) [Mongolian] (Mongolian), tepancalcatl (Nahuatl), baẍvan [masculine] (Northern Kurdish), baxçevan [masculine] (Northern Kurdish), gartner [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), gartnar [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), jardinièr [masculine] (Occitan), wyrtweard [masculine] (Old English), باغبان (bāǧbān) [masculine] (Pashto), باغوان (bāǧwān) [masculine] (Pashto), مالي (mālī) [masculine] (Pashto), بڼوال (baṇwāl) [masculine] (Pashto), باغبان (bâğbân) (Persian), Goadna [masculine] (Plautdietsch), ogrodnik [masculine] (Polish), ogrodniczka [feminine] (Polish), badylarz [colloquial, derogatory, masculine] (Polish), badylarka [colloquial, derogatory, feminine] (Polish), jardineiro [masculine] (Portuguese), jardineira [feminine] (Portuguese), grădinar [masculine] (Romanian), grădinăreasă [feminine] (Romanian), садо́вник (sadóvnik) [masculine] (Russian), садово́д (sadovód) [masculine] (Russian), садо́вница (sadóvnica) [feminine] (Russian), मालिन् (mālin) [masculine] (Sanskrit), gàirnealair [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), gàrradair [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), вр̏тла̄р [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), вр̏тларица [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), садник [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), башчо̀ва̄н [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), vȑtlār [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), vȑtlarica [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), sadnik [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), baščòvān [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), උයන්පල්ලා (uyanpallā) (Sinhalese), záhradník [masculine] (Slovak), záhradníčka [feminine] (Slovak), vrtnar [masculine] (Slovene), vrtnarka [feminine] (Slovene), jardinero [masculine] (Spanish), jardinera [feminine] (Spanish), mtunza bustani (Swahili), trädgårdsmästare [common-gender] (Swedish), hardinero (Tagalog), hardinera (Tagalog), боғбон (boġbon) (Tajik), боғдор (boġdor) (Tajik), боғпарвар (boġparvar) (Tajik), бакчачы (baqçaçı) (Tatar), తోటమాలి (tōṭamāli) (Telugu), ชาวสวน (chaao-sǔuan) (Thai), คนสวน (kon-sǔuan) (Thai), werpiśkatstse (Tocharian B), bahçıvan (Turkish), bagban (Turkmen), садівни́к (sadivnýk) [masculine] (Ukrainian), садівни́ця (sadivnýcja) [feminine] (Ukrainian), مالی (mālī) [masculine] (Urdu), باغْبان (bāġbān) [masculine] (Urdu), بُسْتانی (bustānī) [masculine] (Urdu), باغۋەن (baghwen) (Uyghur), bogʻbon (Uzbek), người làm vườn (Vietnamese), gadan [feminine, masculine] (Volapük), higadan [masculine] (Volapük), jigadan [feminine] (Volapük), garddwr [masculine] (Welsh), גערטנער (gertner) [masculine] (Yiddish), גערטנערין (gertnerin) [feminine] (Yiddish), bağçewan [common-gender] (Zazaki)
    Sense id: en-gardener-en-noun-AxtD8bk~ Disambiguation of Horticulture: 90 10 Disambiguation of Occupations: 69 31 Disambiguation of People: 48 52 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Middle English terms suffixed with -er Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 84 16 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 79 21 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 68 7 24 1 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 70 8 21 1 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -er: 69 7 22 2 Disambiguation of 'one who gardens': 89 11
  2. (slang, obsolete, derogatory) A coachman who drives badly. Tags: derogatory, obsolete, slang Categories (topical): People
    Sense id: en-gardener-en-noun-wuLzeb~V Disambiguation of People: 48 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: gardener bowerbird, gardener snake, landscape gardener, market gardener, uphill gardener

Noun [Middle English]

IPA: /ɡarˈdinər(ə)/, /ˈɡardənər(ə)/ Forms: gardineris [plural]
Etymology: From Old Northern French gardinier; equivalent to gardyn + -er. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro-nor|gardinier}} Old Northern French gardinier, {{af|enm|gardyn|-er}} gardyn + -er Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} gardener, {{enm-noun|pl=gardineris}} gardener (plural gardineris)
  1. gardener (one who tends a garden) Categories (topical): Horticulture, Occupations, People
    Sense id: en-gardener-enm-noun-JBwlPPFF Disambiguation of Horticulture: 82 18 Disambiguation of Occupations: 94 6 Disambiguation of People: 100 0
  2. (figurative) A tender of one's heart. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-gardener-enm-noun-gR9xkDdb
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: gardenere, gardyner, gardynere, gardiner, garthener, garthynere

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for gardener meaning in All languages combined (29.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gardener bowerbird"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gardener snake"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "landscape gardener"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "market gardener"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "uphill gardener"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "gardener"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English gardener",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "gardinier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French gardinier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Gärtner",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gardener"
      },
      "expansion": "German Gärtner (“gardener”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "garden"
      },
      "expansion": "English garden",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Garten",
        "3": "",
        "4": "garden"
      },
      "expansion": "Garten (“garden”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-er"
      },
      "expansion": "-er",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "wyrtweard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English wyrtweard",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English gardener, either calqued or loaned from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French gardinier.\nSee garden, and compare German Gärtner (“gardener”), which is equivalent to a derivative of the German cognate to English garden, Garten (“garden”), + -er.\nDisplaced native Old English wyrtweard.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gardeners",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gardener (plural gardeners)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gar‧den‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "84 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "68 7 24 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 8 21 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 7 22 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Horticulture",
          "orig": "en:Horticulture",
          "parents": [
            "Agriculture",
            "Botany",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "en:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "\"Ponder the fact that God has made you a gardener, to root out vice and to plant virtue.\" — St. Catherine of Siena",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who gardens; one who grows plants or cultivates a garden."
      ],
      "id": "en-gardener-en-noun-AxtD8bk~",
      "links": [
        [
          "garden",
          "garden"
        ],
        [
          "plants",
          "plants"
        ],
        [
          "cultivates",
          "cultivates"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "tuinier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "howenier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kopshtar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kopshtare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "bustāniyy",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "بُسْتَانِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "bustāniyya",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "بُسْتَانِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "janāʔiniyy",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "جَنَائِنِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "janāʔiniyya",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "جَنَائِنِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "aygepan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "այգեպան"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "partizpan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "պարտիզպան"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "xardineru"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "xardinera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "bağban"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "baqsası",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "баҡсасы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "lorezain"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "sadóŭnik",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "садо́ўнік"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "sadóŭnica",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "садо́ўніца"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "mali",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "মালী"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "uddanpal",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "উদ্যানপাল"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "gradinár",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "градина́р"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "gradinárka",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "градина́рка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "mali",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "မာလီ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "u.yyanyhmu:",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "ဥယျာဉ်မှူး"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jardiner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jardinera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "園丁"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yuándīng",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "园丁"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "huājiàng",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "花匠"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zahradník"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zahradnice"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "gartner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hovenier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tuinier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tuinman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tuinvrouw"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "tuinlieden"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "egy",
          "lang": "Egyptian",
          "roman": "kꜣmw",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "kA-A-m-w-Z5-A1"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "egy",
          "lang": "Egyptian",
          "roman": "kꜣry",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "D28:D21-M17-M17-M43-A1"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ĝardenisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ĝardenistino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "aednik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "puutarhuri"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jardinier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jardinière"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "xardineiro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "xardineira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "mebaɣe",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "მებაღე"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "memṭile",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "მემტილე"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "mebaɣče",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "მებაღჩე"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gärtner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gärtnerin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kipourós",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "κηπουρός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "kēpourós",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "κηπουρός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "kēpeús",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "κηπεύς"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "ganán",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "גַּנָּן"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "mālī",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "माली"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "bāġbān",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "बाग़बान"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "kertész"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gardenisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gardenistulo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gardenistino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "tukang kebun"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "giardiniere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "giardiniera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "alt": "えんてい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "entei",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "園丁"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "alt": "にわし",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "niwashi",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "庭師"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "bauşy",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "баушы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "baqşy",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "бақшы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "bağban",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "бағбан"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "ʼaaraamɨk",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "អារាមិក"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "nĕək thae suən",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "អ្នកថែសួន"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "ʼaaraamikaa",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "អារាមិកា"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "alt": "園藝師",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "wonyesa",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "원예사"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "alt": "庭園師",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "jeong'wonsa",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "정원사"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "kum",
          "lang": "Kumyk",
          "roman": "bawçu",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "бавчу"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "baxewan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "باخەوان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "baẍvan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "baxçevan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "bagban",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "багбан"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "bakcı",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "бакчы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "lad",
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bahcheván"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "khon het sūan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "ຄົນເຮັດສວນ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "sāo sūan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "ຊາວສວນ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hortulānus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "olitor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "olitrīx"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "dārznieks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dārzniece"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sodininkas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sodininkė"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Goorner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Goornerin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Goornersch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Goornersche"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "gradinar",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "градинар"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "gradinarka",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "градинарка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mnc",
          "lang": "Manchu",
          "roman": "yafasi",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "ᠶᠠᡶᠠᠰᡳ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gareyder"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "kaimahi māra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "paruauru"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "kaingaki māra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "māḷī",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "माळी"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "cecerlegč",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "цэцэрлэгч"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "čečerliɣči",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Mongolian"
          ],
          "word": "ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nah",
          "lang": "Nahuatl",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "tepancalcatl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gartner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gartnar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jardinièr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "wyrtweard"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "bāǧbān",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "باغبان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "bāǧwān",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "باغوان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "mālī",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "مالي"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "baṇwāl",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "بڼوال"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "bâğbân",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "باغبان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Goadna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ogrodnik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ogrodniczka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "derogatory",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "badylarz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "derogatory",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "badylarka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jardineiro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jardineira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grădinar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "grădinăreasă"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sadóvnik",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "садо́вник"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sadovód",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "садово́д"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sadóvnica",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "садо́вница"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "mālin",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "मालिन्"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gàirnealair"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gàrradair"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "вр̏тла̄р"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вр̏тларица"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "садник"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "башчо̀ва̄н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "vȑtlār"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "vȑtlarica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sadnik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "baščòvān"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "si",
          "lang": "Sinhalese",
          "roman": "uyanpallā",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "උයන්පල්ලා"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "záhradník"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "záhradníčka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "vrtnar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "vrtnarka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jardinero"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jardinera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "mtunza bustani"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "trädgårdsmästare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "hardinero"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "hardinera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "boġbon",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "боғбон"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "boġdor",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "боғдор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "boġparvar",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "боғпарвар"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "baqçaçı",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "бакчачы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "tōṭamāli",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "తోటమాలి"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "chaao-sǔuan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "ชาวสวน"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "kon-sǔuan",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "คนสวน"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "txb",
          "lang": "Tocharian B",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "werpiśkatstse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "bahçıvan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "bagban"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "sadivnýk",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "садівни́к"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "sadivnýcja",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "садівни́ця"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "mālī",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "مالی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "bāġbān",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "باغْبان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "bustānī",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "بُسْتانی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "baghwen",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "باغۋەن"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "bogʻbon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "word": "người làm vườn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gadan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "higadan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jigadan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "garddwr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "gertner",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "גערטנער"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "gertnerin",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "גערטנערין"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "zza",
          "lang": "Zazaki",
          "sense": "one who gardens",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "bağçewan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2014, Ebenezer Cobham Brewer, Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, page 329",
          "text": "Get on, gardener! Get on, you slow and clumsy coachman. The allusion is to a man who is both gardener and coachman.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A coachman who drives badly."
      ],
      "id": "en-gardener-en-noun-wuLzeb~V",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "coachman",
          "coachman"
        ],
        [
          "drive",
          "drive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang, obsolete, derogatory) A coachman who drives badly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "obsolete",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑɹd.n̩.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑɹd.nɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑːd.n̩.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑːd.nə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-gardener.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-us-gardener.ogg/En-us-gardener.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/En-us-gardener.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "gardener"
  ],
  "word": "gardener"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "gardener"
          },
          "expansion": "English: gardener",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: gardener"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "gairdener",
            "3": "gairdner",
            "4": "gairner"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: gairdener, gairdner, gairner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: gairdener, gairdner, gairner"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "gardinier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French gardinier",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gardyn",
        "3": "-er"
      },
      "expansion": "gardyn + -er",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Northern French gardinier; equivalent to gardyn + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gardineris",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gardener",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "gardineris"
      },
      "expansion": "gardener (plural gardineris)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Horticulture",
          "orig": "enm:Horticulture",
          "parents": [
            "Agriculture",
            "Botany",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "enm:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gardener (one who tends a garden)"
      ],
      "id": "en-gardener-enm-noun-JBwlPPFF",
      "links": [
        [
          "gardener",
          "gardener#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A tender of one's heart."
      ],
      "id": "en-gardener-enm-noun-gR9xkDdb",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) A tender of one's heart."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡarˈdinər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡardənər(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gardenere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gardyner"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gardynere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gardiner"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "garthener"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "garthynere"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gardener"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old Northern French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old Northern French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Northern French",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -er",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "en:Horticulture",
    "en:Occupations",
    "en:People",
    "enm:Horticulture",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "gardener bowerbird"
    },
    {
      "word": "gardener snake"
    },
    {
      "word": "landscape gardener"
    },
    {
      "word": "market gardener"
    },
    {
      "word": "uphill gardener"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "gardener"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English gardener",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "gardinier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French gardinier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Gärtner",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gardener"
      },
      "expansion": "German Gärtner (“gardener”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "garden"
      },
      "expansion": "English garden",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Garten",
        "3": "",
        "4": "garden"
      },
      "expansion": "Garten (“garden”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-er"
      },
      "expansion": "-er",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "wyrtweard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English wyrtweard",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English gardener, either calqued or loaned from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French gardinier.\nSee garden, and compare German Gärtner (“gardener”), which is equivalent to a derivative of the German cognate to English garden, Garten (“garden”), + -er.\nDisplaced native Old English wyrtweard.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gardeners",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gardener (plural gardeners)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gar‧den‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "\"Ponder the fact that God has made you a gardener, to root out vice and to plant virtue.\" — St. Catherine of Siena",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who gardens; one who grows plants or cultivates a garden."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "garden",
          "garden"
        ],
        [
          "plants",
          "plants"
        ],
        [
          "cultivates",
          "cultivates"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English derogatory terms",
        "English slang",
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2014, Ebenezer Cobham Brewer, Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, page 329",
          "text": "Get on, gardener! Get on, you slow and clumsy coachman. The allusion is to a man who is both gardener and coachman.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A coachman who drives badly."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "coachman",
          "coachman"
        ],
        [
          "drive",
          "drive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang, obsolete, derogatory) A coachman who drives badly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "obsolete",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑɹd.n̩.ɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑɹd.nɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑːd.n̩.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑːd.nə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-gardener.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-us-gardener.ogg/En-us-gardener.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/En-us-gardener.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "tuinier"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "howenier"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kopshtar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kopshtare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "bustāniyy",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "بُسْتَانِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "bustāniyya",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "بُسْتَانِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "janāʔiniyy",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "جَنَائِنِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "janāʔiniyya",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "جَنَائِنِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "aygepan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "այգեպան"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "partizpan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "պարտիզպան"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "xardineru"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "xardinera"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "bağban"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "baqsası",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "баҡсасы"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "lorezain"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "sadóŭnik",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "садо́ўнік"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "sadóŭnica",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "садо́ўніца"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "mali",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "মালী"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "uddanpal",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "উদ্যানপাল"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "gradinár",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "градина́р"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "gradinárka",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "градина́рка"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "mali",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "မာလီ"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "u.yyanyhmu:",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "ဥယျာဉ်မှူး"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jardiner"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jardinera"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "園丁"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yuándīng",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "园丁"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huājiàng",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "花匠"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zahradník"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zahradnice"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "gartner"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hovenier"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tuinier"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tuinman"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tuinvrouw"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "tuinlieden"
    },
    {
      "code": "egy",
      "lang": "Egyptian",
      "roman": "kꜣmw",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "kA-A-m-w-Z5-A1"
    },
    {
      "code": "egy",
      "lang": "Egyptian",
      "roman": "kꜣry",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "D28:D21-M17-M17-M43-A1"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ĝardenisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ĝardenistino"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "aednik"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "puutarhuri"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jardinier"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jardinière"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "xardineiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "xardineira"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "mebaɣe",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "მებაღე"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "memṭile",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "მემტილე"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "mebaɣče",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "მებაღჩე"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gärtner"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gärtnerin"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kipourós",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "κηπουρός"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "kēpourós",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "κηπουρός"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "kēpeús",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "κηπεύς"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "ganán",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "גַּנָּן"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "mālī",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "माली"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "bāġbān",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "बाग़बान"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "kertész"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gardenisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gardenistulo"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gardenistino"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "tukang kebun"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "giardiniere"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "giardiniera"
    },
    {
      "alt": "えんてい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "entei",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "園丁"
    },
    {
      "alt": "にわし",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "niwashi",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "庭師"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "bauşy",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "баушы"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "baqşy",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "бақшы"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "bağban",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "бағбан"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "ʼaaraamɨk",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "អារាមិក"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "nĕək thae suən",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "អ្នកថែសួន"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "ʼaaraamikaa",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "អារាមិកា"
    },
    {
      "alt": "園藝師",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "wonyesa",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "원예사"
    },
    {
      "alt": "庭園師",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "jeong'wonsa",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "정원사"
    },
    {
      "code": "kum",
      "lang": "Kumyk",
      "roman": "bawçu",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "бавчу"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "baxewan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "باخەوان"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "baẍvan"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "baxçevan"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "bagban",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "багбан"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "bakcı",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "бакчы"
    },
    {
      "code": "lad",
      "lang": "Ladino",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bahcheván"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "khon het sūan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "ຄົນເຮັດສວນ"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "sāo sūan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "ຊາວສວນ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hortulānus"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "olitor"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "olitrīx"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "dārznieks"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dārzniece"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sodininkas"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sodininkė"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Goorner"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Goornerin"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Goornersch"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Goornersche"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "gradinar",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "градинар"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "gradinarka",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "градинарка"
    },
    {
      "code": "mnc",
      "lang": "Manchu",
      "roman": "yafasi",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "ᠶᠠᡶᠠᠰᡳ"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gareyder"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "kaimahi māra"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "paruauru"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "kaingaki māra"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "māḷī",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "माळी"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "cecerlegč",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "цэцэрлэгч"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "čečerliɣči",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢ"
    },
    {
      "code": "nah",
      "lang": "Nahuatl",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "tepancalcatl"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gartner"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gartnar"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jardinièr"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "wyrtweard"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "bāǧbān",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "باغبان"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "bāǧwān",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "باغوان"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "mālī",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "مالي"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "baṇwāl",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "بڼوال"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "bâğbân",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "باغبان"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Goadna"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ogrodnik"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ogrodniczka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "derogatory",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "badylarz"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "derogatory",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "badylarka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jardineiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jardineira"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grădinar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "grădinăreasă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sadóvnik",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "садо́вник"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sadovód",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "садово́д"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sadóvnica",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "садо́вница"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "mālin",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "मालिन्"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gàirnealair"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gàrradair"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "вр̏тла̄р"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вр̏тларица"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "садник"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "башчо̀ва̄н"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vȑtlār"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "vȑtlarica"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sadnik"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "baščòvān"
    },
    {
      "code": "si",
      "lang": "Sinhalese",
      "roman": "uyanpallā",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "උයන්පල්ලා"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "záhradník"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "záhradníčka"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vrtnar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "vrtnarka"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jardinero"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jardinera"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "mtunza bustani"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "trädgårdsmästare"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "hardinero"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "hardinera"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "boġbon",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "боғбон"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "boġdor",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "боғдор"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "boġparvar",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "боғпарвар"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "baqçaçı",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "бакчачы"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "tōṭamāli",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "తోటమాలి"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "chaao-sǔuan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "ชาวสวน"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "kon-sǔuan",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "คนสวน"
    },
    {
      "code": "txb",
      "lang": "Tocharian B",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "werpiśkatstse"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "bahçıvan"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "bagban"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "sadivnýk",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "садівни́к"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "sadivnýcja",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "садівни́ця"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "mālī",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "مالی"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "bāġbān",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "باغْبان"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "bustānī",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "بُسْتانی"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "baghwen",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "باغۋەن"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "bogʻbon"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "word": "người làm vườn"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gadan"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "higadan"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jigadan"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "garddwr"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "gertner",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "גערטנער"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "gertnerin",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "גערטנערין"
    },
    {
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "one who gardens",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "bağçewan"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "gardener"
  ],
  "word": "gardener"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old Northern French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Northern French",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -er",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "enm:Horticulture",
    "enm:Occupations",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "gardener"
          },
          "expansion": "English: gardener",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: gardener"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "gairdener",
            "3": "gairdner",
            "4": "gairner"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: gairdener, gairdner, gairner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: gairdener, gairdner, gairner"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "gardinier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French gardinier",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gardyn",
        "3": "-er"
      },
      "expansion": "gardyn + -er",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Northern French gardinier; equivalent to gardyn + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gardineris",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gardener",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "gardineris"
      },
      "expansion": "gardener (plural gardineris)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gardener (one who tends a garden)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gardener",
          "gardener#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A tender of one's heart."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) A tender of one's heart."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡarˈdinər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡardənər(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gardenere"
    },
    {
      "word": "gardyner"
    },
    {
      "word": "gardynere"
    },
    {
      "word": "gardiner"
    },
    {
      "word": "garthener"
    },
    {
      "word": "garthynere"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gardener"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.