See drove on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drove road"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in droves"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "drove"
},
"expansion": "Middle English drove",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drāf",
"4": "",
"5": "action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven"
},
"expansion": "Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*draibō",
"4": "",
"5": "a drive, push, movement, drove"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreybʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, push"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "drave"
},
"expansion": "Scots drave",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dreef",
"3": "",
"4": "a walkway, wide road with trees, drove"
},
"expansion": "Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "treip",
"3": "",
"4": "a drove"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German treip (“a drove”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "drev",
"3": "",
"4": "a drive, drove"
},
"expansion": "Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dreif",
"3": "",
"4": "a scattering, distribution"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English drove, drof, draf, from Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”), from Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”). Cognate with Scots drave, dreef (“drove, crowd”), Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”), Middle High German treip (“a drove”), Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”), Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”). More at drive.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "droves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "drove (plural droves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A cattle drive or the herd being driven by it; thus, a number of cattle driven to market or new pastures."
],
"id": "en-drove-en-noun-ifGIwk0v",
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"number",
"number"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"market",
"market"
],
[
"pasture",
"pasture"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čerda",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "черда"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stado",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "стадо"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "kudde"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "troupeau"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "manade"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "horde"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Herde"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mandria"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "armento"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "branco"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "whiunga"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gurt",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гурт"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stádo",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ста́до"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stado"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "manada"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tropa (Arg., Bol., Par. and Ur.)"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arreo"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recua"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "sürü"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tabun",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "табун"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stado",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "стадо"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diadell"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "praidd"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 10 2 19 1 3 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haid"
}
]
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{
"_dis": "9 26 2 31 1 7 5 1 1 12 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cattle",
"orig": "en:Cattle",
"parents": [
"Bovines",
"Livestock",
"Even-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "in droves",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large number of people on the move."
],
"id": "en-drove-en-noun-jaYTWUqa",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, by extension, usually in the plural) A large number of people on the move."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"figuratively",
"plural-normally"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎlpa",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тълпа"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foule"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "calca"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolpá",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "толпа́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "legión"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tropel"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 0 9 0 1 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"word": "sürü"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 20 23 24 2 5 2 3 3 8 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hares",
"orig": "en:Hares",
"parents": [
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of hares."
],
"id": "en-drove-en-noun-FABgz-oc",
"links": [
[
"hare",
"hare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A group of hares."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 92 2 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "group of hares",
"word": "lauma"
}
]
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"_dis": "9 26 2 31 1 7 5 1 1 12 5",
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"name": "Cattle",
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{
"_dis": "6 12 8 21 5 13 6 7 7 8 9",
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"Road transport",
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],
"glosses": [
"A road or track along which cattle are habitually, used to be or coil be driven; a droveway."
],
"id": "en-drove-en-noun-oimEkwR-",
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"track",
"track"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"habitually",
"habitually"
],
[
"drive",
"drive"
],
[
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"droveway"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "fi",
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"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "karjapolku"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pista"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "passaggi obbligati"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "attraversamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "cañada"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "vía pecuaria"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "boskapsled"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 16 1 73 0 2 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "fägata"
}
]
},
{
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],
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[
"drain",
"drain"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
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[
"irrigation",
"irrigation"
],
[
"land",
"land"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 0 0 98 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "narrow drain for irrigation",
"word": "kasteluoja"
}
]
},
{
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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{
"_dis": "4 35 6 36 4 10 5",
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{
"_dis": "4 2 5 14 6 25 13 5 5 6 15",
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"name": "Tools",
"orig": "en:Tools",
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"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A broad chisel used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface."
],
"id": "en-drove-en-noun-FAP8zzZq",
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[
"chisel",
"chisel"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
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"smooth"
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{
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-drove-en-noun-5ihXO8qB"
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/dɹəʊv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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{
"ipa": "/dɹoʊv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
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{
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},
{
"audio": "en-uk-drove.ogg",
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"1": "en",
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{
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{
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{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railway station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 157:",
"text": "Iron and coal were the magnets that drew railways to this land of lovely valleys and silent mountains—for such it was a century-and-a-half ago, before man blackened the valleys with the smoke of his forges, scarred the green hills with his shafts and waste-heaps, and drove the salmon from the quiet Rhondda and the murmuring Taff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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{
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"glosses": [
"simple past of drive"
],
"id": "en-drove-en-verb-Wlr8PavD",
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[
"drive",
"drive#English"
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 April 17, Ch Insp Lee, quotee, BBC News:",
"text": "We are appealing to any individuals who \"have\" drove that road who may well have [...]",
"type": "quote"
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],
"form_of": [
{
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],
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"drive#English"
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],
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],
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"form-of",
"participle",
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}
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{
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"General-American"
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{
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],
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{
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"3": "drave"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drāf"
},
"expansion": "Old English drāf",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier drave, from Middle English drave, draf, from Old English drāf, first and third person singular indicative preterite of drīfan (“to drive”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "droves",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "droving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
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},
{
"form": "droved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
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},
{
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 26 2 31 1 7 5 1 1 12 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cattle",
"orig": "en:Cattle",
"parents": [
"Bovines",
"Livestock",
"Even-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1890, Banjo Paterson, The Man from Snowy River:",
"text": "He's droving now with Conroy's sheep along the Castlereagh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"To herd cattle; particularly over a long distance."
],
"id": "en-drove-en-verb-qK4r71p-",
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "drive"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "transumare"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "condurre"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "guidare"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "whiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "whiuwhiu kararehe"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To finish (stone) with a drove chisel."
],
"id": "en-drove-en-verb-uHTW~IzR",
"links": [
[
"finish",
"finish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To finish (stone) with a drove chisel."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊv"
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{
"ipa": "/dɹoʊv/",
"tags": [
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]
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{
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},
{
"audio": "en-uk-drove.ogg",
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"8": "{{{3}}}",
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"name": "head"
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{
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],
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{
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"word": "drof"
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],
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"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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{
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{
"categories": [
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"English non-lemma forms",
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"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
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"English verbs",
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"Rhymes:English/əʊv",
"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Cattle",
"en:Hares",
"en:Roads",
"en:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
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},
{
"word": "drove road"
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{
"word": "in droves"
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],
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"args": {
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"3": "drove"
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"expansion": "Middle English drove",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drāf",
"4": "",
"5": "action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven"
},
"expansion": "Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*draibō",
"4": "",
"5": "a drive, push, movement, drove"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreybʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to drive, push"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "drave"
},
"expansion": "Scots drave",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dreef",
"3": "",
"4": "a walkway, wide road with trees, drove"
},
"expansion": "Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "treip",
"3": "",
"4": "a drove"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German treip (“a drove”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "drev",
"3": "",
"4": "a drive, drove"
},
"expansion": "Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dreif",
"3": "",
"4": "a scattering, distribution"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English drove, drof, draf, from Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”), from Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”). Cognate with Scots drave, dreef (“drove, crowd”), Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”), Middle High German treip (“a drove”), Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”), Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”). More at drive.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "droves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "drove (plural droves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A cattle drive or the herd being driven by it; thus, a number of cattle driven to market or new pastures."
],
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"number",
"number"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"market",
"market"
],
[
"pasture",
"pasture"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "in droves",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large number of people on the move."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, by extension, usually in the plural) A large number of people on the move."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"figuratively",
"plural-normally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A group of hares."
],
"links": [
[
"hare",
"hare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A group of hares."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A road or track along which cattle are habitually, used to be or coil be driven; a droveway."
],
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"track",
"track"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"habitually",
"habitually"
],
[
"drive",
"drive"
],
[
"droveway",
"droveway"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A narrow drain or channel used in the irrigation of land."
],
"links": [
[
"drain",
"drain"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
],
[
"irrigation",
"irrigation"
],
[
"land",
"land"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A broad chisel used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface."
],
"links": [
[
"chisel",
"chisel"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"smooth",
"smooth"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The grooved surface of stone finished by the drove chisel."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹəʊv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊv"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹoʊv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒɹoʊv/",
"note": "used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-drove.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čerda",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "черда"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stado",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "стадо"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "kudde"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "troupeau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "manade"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "horde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Herde"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mandria"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "armento"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "branco"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "whiunga"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gurt",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гурт"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stádo",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ста́до"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "manada"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tropa (Arg., Bol., Par. and Ur.)"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arreo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recua"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"word": "sürü"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tabun",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "табун"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stado",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "стадо"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diadell"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gyr"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "praidd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "number of cattle driven to market or new pastures",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haid"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎlpa",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тълпа"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foule"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "calca"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolpá",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "толпа́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "legión"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tropel"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "large number of people on the move",
"word": "sürü"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "group of hares",
"word": "lauma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "karjapolku"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pista"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "passaggi obbligati"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "attraversamento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "cañada"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "vía pecuaria"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "boskapsled"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway",
"word": "fägata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "narrow drain for irrigation",
"word": "kasteluoja"
}
],
"word": "drove"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular simple past forms",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
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"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English verb forms",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊv",
"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"en:Cattle",
"en:Hares",
"en:Roads",
"en:Tools"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "drave"
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"expansion": "Middle English drave",
"name": "inh"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drāf"
},
"expansion": "Old English drāf",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier drave, from Middle English drave, draf, from Old English drāf, first and third person singular indicative preterite of drīfan (“to drive”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "drove",
"name": "head"
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railway station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 157:",
"text": "Iron and coal were the magnets that drew railways to this land of lovely valleys and silent mountains—for such it was a century-and-a-half ago, before man blackened the valleys with the smoke of his forges, scarred the green hills with his shafts and waste-heaps, and drove the salmon from the quiet Rhondda and the murmuring Taff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "drive"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past of drive"
],
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 April 17, Ch Insp Lee, quotee, BBC News:",
"text": "We are appealing to any individuals who \"have\" drove that road who may well have [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "drive"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of drive"
],
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) past participle of drive"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹəʊv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊv"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹoʊv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
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"audio": "en-us-drove.ogg",
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{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒɹoʊv/",
"note": "used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-drove.ogg",
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],
"word": "drove"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English verb forms",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊv",
"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"en:Cattle",
"en:Hares",
"en:Roads",
"en:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "drover"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
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"3": "drave"
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"expansion": "Middle English drave",
"name": "inh"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drāf"
},
"expansion": "Old English drāf",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier drave, from Middle English drave, draf, from Old English drāf, first and third person singular indicative preterite of drīfan (“to drive”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "droves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "droving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "droved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "droved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "drove (third-person singular simple present droves, present participle droving, simple past and past participle droved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1890, Banjo Paterson, The Man from Snowy River:",
"text": "He's droving now with Conroy's sheep along the Castlereagh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To herd cattle; particularly over a long distance."
],
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "drive"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To finish (stone) with a drove chisel."
],
"links": [
[
"finish",
"finish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To finish (stone) with a drove chisel."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹəʊv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊv"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹoʊv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-drove.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg/En-us-drove.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒɹoʊv/",
"note": "used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-drove.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "transumare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "condurre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "guidare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "whiu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance",
"word": "whiuwhiu kararehe"
}
],
"word": "drove"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "drove",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "drove",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "drof"
}
],
"categories": [
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"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Alternative form of drof"
],
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[
"drof",
"drof#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
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"alternative"
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}
],
"word": "drove"
}
Download raw JSONL data for drove meaning in All languages combined (19.1kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "drove/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular simple past forms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"English verb forms\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Cattle\", \"en:Hares\", \"en:Roads\", \"en:Tools\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"drover\"}, {\"word\": \"drove road\"}, {\"word\": \"in droves\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English drove\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"drāf\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*draibō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"a drive, push, movement, drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dʰreybʰ-\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to drive, push\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sco\", \"2\": \"drave\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scots drave\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"dreef\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a walkway, wide road with trees, drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"treip\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German treip (“a drove”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"drev\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a drive, drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"dreif\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a scattering, distribution\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English drove, drof, draf, from Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”), from Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”). Cognate with Scots drave, dreef (“drove, crowd”), Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”), Middle High German treip (“a drove”), Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”), Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”). More at drive.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"droves\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"drove (plural droves)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A cattle drive or the herd being driven by it; thus, a number of cattle driven to market or new pastures.\"], \"links\": [[\"drive\", \"drive\"], [\"herd\", \"herd\"], [\"number\", \"number\"], [\"cattle\", \"cattle\"], [\"market\", \"market\"], [\"pasture\", \"pasture\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"in droves\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A large number of people on the move.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively, by extension, usually in the plural) A large number of people on the move.\"], \"tags\": [\"broadly\", \"figuratively\", \"plural-normally\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English collective nouns\"], \"glosses\": [\"A group of hares.\"], \"links\": [[\"hare\", \"hare\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(collective) A group of hares.\"], \"tags\": [\"collective\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A road or track along which cattle are habitually, used to be or coil be driven; a droveway.\"], \"links\": [[\"road\", \"road\"], [\"track\", \"track\"], [\"cattle\", \"cattle\"], [\"habitually\", \"habitually\"], [\"drive\", \"drive\"], [\"droveway\", \"droveway\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A narrow drain or channel used in the irrigation of land.\"], \"links\": [[\"drain\", \"drain\"], [\"channel\", \"channel\"], [\"irrigation\", \"irrigation\"], [\"land\", \"land\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A broad chisel used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface.\"], \"links\": [[\"chisel\", \"chisel\"], [\"stone\", \"stone\"], [\"smooth\", \"smooth\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The grooved surface of stone finished by the drove chisel.\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɹəʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-əʊv\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dɹoʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg/En-us-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/d͡ʒɹoʊv/\", \"note\": \"used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"čerda\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"черда\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"stado\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"стадо\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"kudde\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"troupeau\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"manade\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"horde\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Herde\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mandria\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"armento\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"branco\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"whiunga\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"gurt\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"гурт\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"stádo\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ста́до\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"stado\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"manada\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tropa (Arg., Bol., Par. and Ur.)\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"arreo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"recua\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"sürü\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"tabun\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"табун\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"stado\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"стадо\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"diadell\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gyr\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"praidd\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"haid\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"tǎlpa\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"тълпа\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"foule\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"calca\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"massa\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"tolpá\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"толпа́\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"legión\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tropel\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"word\": \"sürü\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"group of hares\", \"word\": \"lauma\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"karjapolku\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pista\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"passaggi obbligati\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"attraversamento\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"cañada\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"vía pecuaria\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"boskapsled\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"fägata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"narrow drain for irrigation\", \"word\": \"kasteluoja\"}], \"word\": \"drove\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drove",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "drove/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular simple past forms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"English verb forms\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Cattle\", \"en:Hares\", \"en:Roads\", \"en:Tools\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"drover\"}, {\"word\": \"drove road\"}, {\"word\": \"in droves\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English drove\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"drāf\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*draibō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"a drive, push, movement, drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dʰreybʰ-\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to drive, push\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sco\", \"2\": \"drave\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scots drave\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"dreef\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a walkway, wide road with trees, drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"treip\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German treip (“a drove”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"drev\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a drive, drove\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"dreif\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a scattering, distribution\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English drove, drof, draf, from Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”), from Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”). Cognate with Scots drave, dreef (“drove, crowd”), Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”), Middle High German treip (“a drove”), Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”), Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”). More at drive.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"droves\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"drove (plural droves)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A cattle drive or the herd being driven by it; thus, a number of cattle driven to market or new pastures.\"], \"links\": [[\"drive\", \"drive\"], [\"herd\", \"herd\"], [\"number\", \"number\"], [\"cattle\", \"cattle\"], [\"market\", \"market\"], [\"pasture\", \"pasture\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"in droves\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A large number of people on the move.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively, by extension, usually in the plural) A large number of people on the move.\"], \"tags\": [\"broadly\", \"figuratively\", \"plural-normally\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English collective nouns\"], \"glosses\": [\"A group of hares.\"], \"links\": [[\"hare\", \"hare\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(collective) A group of hares.\"], \"tags\": [\"collective\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A road or track along which cattle are habitually, used to be or coil be driven; a droveway.\"], \"links\": [[\"road\", \"road\"], [\"track\", \"track\"], [\"cattle\", \"cattle\"], [\"habitually\", \"habitually\"], [\"drive\", \"drive\"], [\"droveway\", \"droveway\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A narrow drain or channel used in the irrigation of land.\"], \"links\": [[\"drain\", \"drain\"], [\"channel\", \"channel\"], [\"irrigation\", \"irrigation\"], [\"land\", \"land\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A broad chisel used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface.\"], \"links\": [[\"chisel\", \"chisel\"], [\"stone\", \"stone\"], [\"smooth\", \"smooth\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The grooved surface of stone finished by the drove chisel.\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɹəʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-əʊv\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dɹoʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg/En-us-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/d͡ʒɹoʊv/\", \"note\": \"used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"čerda\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"черда\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"stado\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"стадо\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"kudde\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"troupeau\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"manade\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"horde\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Herde\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mandria\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"armento\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"branco\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"whiunga\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"gurt\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"гурт\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"stádo\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ста́до\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"stado\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"manada\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tropa (Arg., Bol., Par. and Ur.)\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"arreo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"recua\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"word\": \"sürü\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"tabun\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"табун\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"stado\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"стадо\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"diadell\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gyr\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"praidd\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"number of cattle driven to market or new pastures\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"haid\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"tǎlpa\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"тълпа\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"foule\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"calca\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"massa\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"tolpá\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"толпа́\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"legión\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tropel\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"large number of people on the move\", \"word\": \"sürü\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"group of hares\", \"word\": \"lauma\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"karjapolku\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"pista\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"passaggi obbligati\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"attraversamento\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"cañada\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"vía pecuaria\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"boskapsled\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"road or track along which cattle are habitually driven — see also droveway\", \"word\": \"fägata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"narrow drain for irrigation\", \"word\": \"kasteluoja\"}], \"word\": \"drove\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drove",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "drove/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular simple past forms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English verb forms\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"en:Cattle\", \"en:Hares\", \"en:Roads\", \"en:Tools\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"drave\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English drave\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"drāf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English drāf\", \"name\": \"inh\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From earlier drave, from Middle English drave, draf, from Old English drāf, first and third person singular indicative preterite of drīfan (“to drive”).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"verb form\"}, \"expansion\": \"drove\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railway station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 157:\", \"text\": \"Iron and coal were the magnets that drew railways to this land of lovely valleys and silent mountains—for such it was a century-and-a-half ago, before man blackened the valleys with the smoke of his forges, scarred the green hills with his shafts and waste-heaps, and drove the salmon from the quiet Rhondda and the murmuring Taff.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"form_of\": [{\"word\": \"drive\"}], \"glosses\": [\"simple past of drive\"], \"links\": [[\"drive\", \"drive#English\"]], \"tags\": [\"form-of\", \"past\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English dialectal terms\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2019 April 17, Ch Insp Lee, quotee, BBC News:\", \"text\": \"We are appealing to any individuals who \\\"have\\\" drove that road who may well have [...]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"form_of\": [{\"word\": \"drive\"}], \"glosses\": [\"past participle of drive\"], \"links\": [[\"drive\", \"drive#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(dialectal) past participle of drive\"], \"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"form-of\", \"participle\", \"past\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɹəʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-əʊv\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dɹoʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg/En-us-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/d͡ʒɹoʊv/\", \"note\": \"used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg\"}], \"word\": \"drove\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drove",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "drove/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular simple past forms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English verb forms\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"en:Cattle\", \"en:Hares\", \"en:Roads\", \"en:Tools\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"drave\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English drave\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"drāf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English drāf\", \"name\": \"inh\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From earlier drave, from Middle English drave, draf, from Old English drāf, first and third person singular indicative preterite of drīfan (“to drive”).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"verb form\"}, \"expansion\": \"drove\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railway station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 157:\", \"text\": \"Iron and coal were the magnets that drew railways to this land of lovely valleys and silent mountains—for such it was a century-and-a-half ago, before man blackened the valleys with the smoke of his forges, scarred the green hills with his shafts and waste-heaps, and drove the salmon from the quiet Rhondda and the murmuring Taff.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"form_of\": [{\"word\": \"drive\"}], \"glosses\": [\"simple past of drive\"], \"links\": [[\"drive\", \"drive#English\"]], \"tags\": [\"form-of\", \"past\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English dialectal terms\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2019 April 17, Ch Insp Lee, quotee, BBC News:\", \"text\": \"We are appealing to any individuals who \\\"have\\\" drove that road who may well have [...]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"form_of\": [{\"word\": \"drive\"}], \"glosses\": [\"past participle of drive\"], \"links\": [[\"drive\", \"drive#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(dialectal) past participle of drive\"], \"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"form-of\", \"participle\", \"past\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɹəʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-əʊv\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dɹoʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg/En-us-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/d͡ʒɹoʊv/\", \"note\": \"used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg\"}], \"word\": \"drove\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drove",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "drove/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular simple past forms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English verb forms\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"en:Cattle\", \"en:Hares\", \"en:Roads\", \"en:Tools\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"drover\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"drave\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English drave\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"drāf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English drāf\", \"name\": \"inh\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From earlier drave, from Middle English drave, draf, from Old English drāf, first and third person singular indicative preterite of drīfan (“to drive”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"droves\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"droving\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"droved\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"droved\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"drove (third-person singular simple present droves, present participle droving, simple past and past participle droved)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1890, Banjo Paterson, The Man from Snowy River:\", \"text\": \"He's droving now with Conroy's sheep along the Castlereagh.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To herd cattle; particularly over a long distance.\"], \"links\": [[\"herd\", \"herd\"], [\"cattle\", \"cattle\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"drive\"}]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To finish (stone) with a drove chisel.\"], \"links\": [[\"finish\", \"finish\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To finish (stone) with a drove chisel.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɹəʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-əʊv\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dɹoʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg/En-us-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/d͡ʒɹoʊv/\", \"note\": \"used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"transumare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"condurre\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"guidare\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"whiu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"whiuwhiu kararehe\"}], \"word\": \"drove\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drove",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "drove/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English irregular simple past forms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English non-lemma forms\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English verb forms\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv\", \"Rhymes:English/əʊv/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"en:Cattle\", \"en:Hares\", \"en:Roads\", \"en:Tools\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"drover\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"drave\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English drave\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"drāf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English drāf\", \"name\": \"inh\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From earlier drave, from Middle English drave, draf, from Old English drāf, first and third person singular indicative preterite of drīfan (“to drive”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"droves\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"droving\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"droved\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"droved\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"drove (third-person singular simple present droves, present participle droving, simple past and past participle droved)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1890, Banjo Paterson, The Man from Snowy River:\", \"text\": \"He's droving now with Conroy's sheep along the Castlereagh.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To herd cattle; particularly over a long distance.\"], \"links\": [[\"herd\", \"herd\"], [\"cattle\", \"cattle\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"drive\"}]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To finish (stone) with a drove chisel.\"], \"links\": [[\"finish\", \"finish\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To finish (stone) with a drove chisel.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɹəʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-əʊv\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/dɹoʊv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg/En-us-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/En-us-drove.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/d͡ʒɹoʊv/\", \"note\": \"used in some regions of the US, particularly the Midwest\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-drove.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg/En-uk-drove.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-uk-drove.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"transumare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"condurre\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"guidare\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"whiu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to herd cattle, to move cattle over a long distance\", \"word\": \"whiuwhiu kararehe\"}], \"word\": \"drove\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "drove",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.