See discrimination on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "antidiscrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "indiscrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "non-discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nondiscrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "positive discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "price discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "racial discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "reverse discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "self discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "self-discrimination"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "discriminatio",
"4": "discrīminātiō, discrīminātiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin discrīminātiō, discrīminātiōnem",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "discriminate",
"3": "ion"
},
"expansion": "discriminate + -ion",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin discrīminātiō, discrīminātiōnem, the action noun to discrīminō, discrīmināre (“distinguish”). Equivalent to discriminate + -ion. In English use from the 17th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "discriminations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "discrimination (countable and uncountable, plural discriminations)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "stereotype"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bias"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "racism"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 34 30 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1846, Henry Hollis, Christian Discrimination; Or, A Discourse on the Things in Religion which Differ, page 86:",
"text": "Have you felt the weight of the considerations which have been presented, in order to show the importance of discrimination on the subject of revealed truth?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Ambrose Bierce, Black Beetles in Amber:",
"text": "An earthquake here rolls harmless through the land, And Thou art good because the chimneys stand— There templed cities sink into the sea, And damp survivors, howling as they flee, Skip to the hills and hold a celebration In honor of Thy wise discrimination.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950, Lyle Vincent Jones, Analysis of Visual Discrimination Learning by Pigeons, page 14:",
"text": "In place of a discrimination box a jumping apparatus was used, and apparently this required performance less foreign to the natural response repertory of the bird.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Karen Ann Campbell, Mechanisms of Prey-tracking in the Echolocating Bat, page 71:",
"text": "The 'pretraining' for the two-choice discrimination involved a discrimination between angles differing by 19° (6° versus 25°) in which the smaller angle was marked with a 2 cm Plexiglas square that the bats had previously detected in a simple one-choice discrimination.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Discernment, the act of discriminating, discerning, distinguishing, noting or perceiving differences between things, with the intent to understand rightly and make correct decisions."
],
"id": "en-discrimination-en-noun-Etjv292Y",
"links": [
[
"Discernment",
"discernment"
],
[
"discriminating",
"discriminate"
],
[
"distinguishing",
"distinguish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, countable) Discernment, the act of discriminating, discerning, distinguishing, noting or perceiving differences between things, with the intent to understand rightly and make correct decisions."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "differentiation"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "diskriminasie"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tafrīq",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَفْرِيق"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razgraničénie",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разграниче́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "區別"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qūbié",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "区别"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rozlišování"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "onderscheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminatie"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "disḳriminacia",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "დისკრიმინაცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gansxvavebulad moṗq̇roba",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "განსხვავებულად მოპყრობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Diskriminierung"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unterscheidung"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"alt": "くべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kubetsu",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "区別"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gubyeol",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "구별"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vivēcanaṁ",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "വിവേചനം"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foayr"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "discriminacion"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rozróżnienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminação"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminare"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "diferențiere"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspoznavánije",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "распознава́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razgraničénije",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разграниче́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 6 6 7",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "ayrımcılık"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 41 14 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 37 23 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 42 13 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 46 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 40 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 43 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 43 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 37 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Burmese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 39 20 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 42 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 60 6 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 42 20 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 49 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 42 18 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 44 21 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 40 20 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 40 23 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 38 20 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 18 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 34 30 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 45 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 44 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 42 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 46 18 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 42 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 40 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 49 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 40 20 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 44 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 41 25 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 45 18 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 45 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 62 6 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 45 14 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 43 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 44 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 41 18 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 43 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 42 19 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Discrimination",
"orig": "en:Discrimination",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sexual or racial discrimination",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "reverse discrimination",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1865 June 17, William Beach Lawrence, “The Suffrage Question”, in National Anti-Slavery Standard, volume XXVI, number 6, New York, page 1, column 6:",
"text": "The same arguments, however, which have effectually in this State [Rhode Island] maintained the disfranchisement of naturalized citizens, may prevail in those cases in which the State Constitution makes the discrimination against colored persons, as long as those State Constitutions remain in force.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1931, Bandini Petroleum Co. v. Superior Court, 284 U.S. 8, 18–19",
"text": "The state, in the exercise of its general power to prescribe rules of evidence, may provide that proof of a particular fact, or of several facts taken collectively, shall be prima facie evidence of another fact when there is some rational connection between the fact proved and the ultimate fact presumed. The legislative presumption is invalid when it is entirely arbitrary, or creates an invidious discrimination, or operates to deprive a party of a reasonable opportunity to present the pertinent facts in his defense."
},
{
"ref": "1939, United States. U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on interstate commerce, Freight-rate Discriminations, page 49:",
"text": "However, is it not true that within the preferred or official territory there are certain discriminations? For instance, are there not certain States in New England that suffer from certain discriminations, in comparison with other States in that official territory?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Martin Luther King, Jr., “Transformed Nonconformist”, in Strength to Love, New York: Pocket Books, published 1964, →OCLC, page 13:",
"text": "Many sincere white people in the South privately oppose segregation and discrimination, but they are apprehensive lest they be publicly condemned.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Xiaopei He, “Chinese Queer (Tongzhi) Women Organizing in the 1990s”, in Ping-Chun Hsiung, Maria Jaschok, Cecilia Milwertz, Red Chan, editors, Chinese Women Organizing: Cadres, Feminists, Muslims, Queers, Berg, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 41:",
"text": "Due to severe and pervasive discrimination, people dared not be open about their homosexuality, and because no one would be open, social prejudice and discrimination became even stronger.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Jimmy Carter, “The Bible and Gender Equality”, in A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence, and Power, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 23:",
"text": "The four Gospels were written by men, but they never report any instance of Jesus’ condoning sexual discrimination or the implied subservience or inferiority of women.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Rosita Fibbi, Arnfinn H. Midtbøen, Patrick Simon, Migration and Discrimination:",
"text": "The book also presents empirical results from studies of discrimination across the world to show the magnitude of the problem and the difficulties of comparison across national borders.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Differential treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage; treatment or consideration based on class or category rather than individual merit; partiality; prejudice; bigotry."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "heterosexism"
},
{
"word": "ageism"
},
{
"word": "ableism"
},
{
"word": "xenophobia"
},
{
"word": "racism"
},
{
"word": "sexism"
},
{
"word": "classism"
},
{
"word": "religionism"
},
{
"word": "homophobia"
}
],
"id": "en-discrimination-en-noun-snbhd7Dr",
"links": [
[
"treatment",
"treatment"
],
[
"disadvantage",
"disadvantage"
],
[
"merit",
"merit"
],
[
"partiality",
"partiality"
],
[
"prejudice",
"prejudice"
],
[
"bigotry",
"bigotry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, countable, sometimes with \"against\") Differential treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage; treatment or consideration based on class or category rather than individual merit; partiality; prejudice; bigotry."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"against\""
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"sometimes",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diskriminim"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tamyīz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَمْيِيز"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xtrakanutʻyun",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "խտրականություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ayrıseçkilik"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dyskryminácyja",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дыскрыміна́цыя"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "bōiśommo",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "বৈষম্য"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "diskriminácija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискримина́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "puing:hkra:hkrang:",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ပိုင်းခြားခြင်း"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "hkwai:hkra:hcakhcamhkrang:",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ခွဲခြားဆက်ဆံခြင်း"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminació"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧視"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "kei⁴ si⁶",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧视"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "歧視"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "歧视"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧視"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qíshì",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧视"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminace"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminatie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminacio"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskrimineerimine"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "syrjintä"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discrimination"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "disḳriminacia",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "დისკრიმინაცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Diskriminierung"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schlechterstellung"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "af'layá",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אַפְלָיָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhedbhāv",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भेदभाव"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vibhedan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "विभेदन"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diszkrimináció"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "megkülönböztetés"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "kirekesztés"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "hátrányos megkülönböztetés"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mismunun"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"alt": "さべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sabetsu",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "差別"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"alt": "れいぐう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "reigū",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "冷遇"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kemsıtuşılık",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "кемсітушілік"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kaarəəhʼaəng",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ការរើសអើង"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chabyeol",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "차별"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "dûçawekî",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "دووچاوەکی"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sdh",
"lang": "Southern Kurdish",
"roman": "diçewekî",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "دِچەوەکی"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sdh",
"lang": "Southern Kurdish",
"roman": "dibeÿnekî",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "دِبەێنەکی"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "diskriminatsiya",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "дискриминация"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminācija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminacija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "diskriminacija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискриминација"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vivēcanaṁ",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "വിവേചനം"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "toihara"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "jalgavarlan gaduurxalt",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ялгаварлан гадуурхалт"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"class-11"
],
"word": "uɓanguzi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "nb",
"english": "racial",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rasediskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "nn",
"english": "racial",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rasediskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "discriminacion"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "tab'íz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تبعيض"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tab'iz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "تبعیض"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dyskryminacja"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminação"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminare"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "diskriminácija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискримина́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "leth-bhreith"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискриминација"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminacija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminácia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminacija"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "diskriminatsiya",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "дискриминатсия"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "tabʾiz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "табъиз"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-lʉ̂ʉak-bpà-dtì-bàt",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "การเลือกปฏิบัติ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ayrımcılık"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasiýa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dyskryminácija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискриміна́ція"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "kemsitish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "كەمسىتىش"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminatsiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "kamsitish"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "phân biệt đối xử"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "kì thị"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 10 7",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "diskriminatsye",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "דיסקרימינאַציע"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 34 30 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: tastefulness"
},
{
"ref": "1863, Alfred Gladstone, The Man of the Hour: A Tale of Real Life - Volume 2, page 128:",
"text": "You are a man of discrimination,” said Qunk, “I admire that girl a little myself, and, entre nous, I think that I'm a bit of a favourite in that quarter.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, C. F. Hull, Shadows of good things to come; or, the gospel in Ruth, page 42:",
"text": "Take heed, then, lest, while you plume yourselves on your superior wisdom and discrimination, the Great Captain does not arraign you before his court-martial on the charge of blood-guiltiness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, David Paton Cuthbertson, Progress in Nutrition and Allied Sciences, page 238:",
"text": "These differences amount to a discrimination by the animal in favour of calcium and against strontium and barium.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Eknath Easwaran, Seeing with the Eyes of Love, page 106:",
"text": "In the vocabulary of Madison Avenue, the man of discrimination is one who knows a fine set of luggage when he sees it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Keren Arbel, Early Buddhist Meditation, page 106:",
"text": "Furthermore, holding the view that the jhānas are in conflict with discrimination and wisdom, one might argue that this quality cannot be developed and sustained when one attains the jhānas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Jane Forsey, On Taste: Aesthetic Exchanges, page viii:",
"text": "If taste is, in Sibleyan terms, an ability involving perceptiveness, sensitivity, discrimination and appreciation, this suggests that it should be directed towards a certain set of objects, and that there is clear room for error and critical debate: about which objects—and which responses—are in fact correct, and which provide evidence of the presence of tasteful discrimination.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Rick South, The Odes of God:",
"text": "Among those who are purified by their good deeds, there are four kinds of men who worship me: the world-weary, the seeker for knowledge, the seeker for happiness and the man of spiritual discrimination. The man of discrimination is the highest of these.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The quality of being discriminating; acute discernment, especially in matters of good taste."
],
"id": "en-discrimination-en-noun-lZshKW6e",
"links": [
[
"discriminating",
"discriminating"
],
[
"discernment",
"discernment"
],
[
"taste",
"taste"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The quality of being discriminating; acute discernment, especially in matters of good taste."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 34 30 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1775, Samuel Johnson, A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland - Volume 1, page 239:",
"text": "He who has not made the experiment, or who is not accustomed to require rigorous accuracy from himself, will scarcely believe how much a few hours take from certainty of knowledge, and distinctness of imagery; how the succession of objects will be broken, how separate parts will be confused, and how many particular features and discriminations will be compressed and conglobated into one gross and general idea.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1789, William Coxe, “Letter 41”, in Travels in Switzerland: In a Series of Letters to William Melmoth, Esq. from William Coxe, […] In Three Volumes […] , page 52:",
"text": "But even if this difference should be still greater, it could never be admitted as forming a specific distinction. For the horns not only differ in individuals of the same species, but in the same individuals at different ages. If we were to attempt to arrange animals solely by their horns, the discriminations would be as endless as uncertain.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1796, Sir Uvedale Price, An Essay on the Picturesque, page 236:",
"text": "These seem to me their most obvious and striking causes, and certainly sufficient to distinguish them from each other: but let the most acute metaphysician, place in one point of view whatever may, in any way, mark the nice boundaries which separate them from each other, and then let his discriminations be compared, for clear, and strongly marked difference and opposition, with those I have stated to exist between the beautiful, and the picturesque; and if his discriminations are not more clear, and more strongly marked, but on the contrary much less so, why should they have a power, which is denied to mine?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1800, Marcus Terentius Varro, The Three Books of M. Terentius Varro Concerning Agriculture, page 50:",
"text": "The great discriminations of land are three, and it concerns us to know whether it is poor, or rich, or in a middle state.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"That which discriminates; a distinguishing mark, a characteristic."
],
"id": "en-discrimination-en-noun-35Lp1c5E",
"links": [
[
"distinguish",
"distinguish"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) That which discriminates; a distinguishing mark, a characteristic."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"discrimination"
],
"word": "discrimination"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "discrimīnatiō",
"4": "discrimīnātiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin discrimīnātiōnem",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "discriminer",
"3": "-ation"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, discriminer + -ation",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin discrimīnātiōnem. By surface analysis, discriminer + -ation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "discriminations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "discrimination f (plural discriminations)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -ation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "reverse discrimination, affirmative action",
"text": "discrimination positive",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"discrimination, distinction"
],
"id": "en-discrimination-fr-noun-hYe1e0v1",
"links": [
[
"discrimination",
"discrimination#English"
],
[
"distinction",
"distinction"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "discriminatoire"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dis.kʁi.mi.na.sjɔ̃/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-discrimination.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-asjɔ̃"
}
],
"word": "discrimination"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krey-",
"English terms suffixed with -ion",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Lao translations",
"Requests for review of Urdu translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪʃən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪʃən/5 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Southern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Discrimination"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antidiscrimination"
},
{
"word": "indiscrimination"
},
{
"word": "non-discrimination"
},
{
"word": "nondiscrimination"
},
{
"word": "positive discrimination"
},
{
"word": "price discrimination"
},
{
"word": "racial discrimination"
},
{
"word": "reverse discrimination"
},
{
"word": "self discrimination"
},
{
"word": "self-discrimination"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "discriminatio",
"4": "discrīminātiō, discrīminātiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin discrīminātiō, discrīminātiōnem",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "discriminate",
"3": "ion"
},
"expansion": "discriminate + -ion",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin discrīminātiō, discrīminātiōnem, the action noun to discrīminō, discrīmināre (“distinguish”). Equivalent to discriminate + -ion. In English use from the 17th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "discriminations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "discrimination (countable and uncountable, plural discriminations)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "stereotype"
},
{
"word": "bias"
},
{
"word": "racism"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1846, Henry Hollis, Christian Discrimination; Or, A Discourse on the Things in Religion which Differ, page 86:",
"text": "Have you felt the weight of the considerations which have been presented, in order to show the importance of discrimination on the subject of revealed truth?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Ambrose Bierce, Black Beetles in Amber:",
"text": "An earthquake here rolls harmless through the land, And Thou art good because the chimneys stand— There templed cities sink into the sea, And damp survivors, howling as they flee, Skip to the hills and hold a celebration In honor of Thy wise discrimination.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950, Lyle Vincent Jones, Analysis of Visual Discrimination Learning by Pigeons, page 14:",
"text": "In place of a discrimination box a jumping apparatus was used, and apparently this required performance less foreign to the natural response repertory of the bird.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Karen Ann Campbell, Mechanisms of Prey-tracking in the Echolocating Bat, page 71:",
"text": "The 'pretraining' for the two-choice discrimination involved a discrimination between angles differing by 19° (6° versus 25°) in which the smaller angle was marked with a 2 cm Plexiglas square that the bats had previously detected in a simple one-choice discrimination.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Discernment, the act of discriminating, discerning, distinguishing, noting or perceiving differences between things, with the intent to understand rightly and make correct decisions."
],
"links": [
[
"Discernment",
"discernment"
],
[
"discriminating",
"discriminate"
],
[
"distinguishing",
"distinguish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, countable) Discernment, the act of discriminating, discerning, distinguishing, noting or perceiving differences between things, with the intent to understand rightly and make correct decisions."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "differentiation"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sexual or racial discrimination",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "reverse discrimination",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1865 June 17, William Beach Lawrence, “The Suffrage Question”, in National Anti-Slavery Standard, volume XXVI, number 6, New York, page 1, column 6:",
"text": "The same arguments, however, which have effectually in this State [Rhode Island] maintained the disfranchisement of naturalized citizens, may prevail in those cases in which the State Constitution makes the discrimination against colored persons, as long as those State Constitutions remain in force.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1931, Bandini Petroleum Co. v. Superior Court, 284 U.S. 8, 18–19",
"text": "The state, in the exercise of its general power to prescribe rules of evidence, may provide that proof of a particular fact, or of several facts taken collectively, shall be prima facie evidence of another fact when there is some rational connection between the fact proved and the ultimate fact presumed. The legislative presumption is invalid when it is entirely arbitrary, or creates an invidious discrimination, or operates to deprive a party of a reasonable opportunity to present the pertinent facts in his defense."
},
{
"ref": "1939, United States. U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on interstate commerce, Freight-rate Discriminations, page 49:",
"text": "However, is it not true that within the preferred or official territory there are certain discriminations? For instance, are there not certain States in New England that suffer from certain discriminations, in comparison with other States in that official territory?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Martin Luther King, Jr., “Transformed Nonconformist”, in Strength to Love, New York: Pocket Books, published 1964, →OCLC, page 13:",
"text": "Many sincere white people in the South privately oppose segregation and discrimination, but they are apprehensive lest they be publicly condemned.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Xiaopei He, “Chinese Queer (Tongzhi) Women Organizing in the 1990s”, in Ping-Chun Hsiung, Maria Jaschok, Cecilia Milwertz, Red Chan, editors, Chinese Women Organizing: Cadres, Feminists, Muslims, Queers, Berg, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 41:",
"text": "Due to severe and pervasive discrimination, people dared not be open about their homosexuality, and because no one would be open, social prejudice and discrimination became even stronger.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Jimmy Carter, “The Bible and Gender Equality”, in A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence, and Power, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 23:",
"text": "The four Gospels were written by men, but they never report any instance of Jesus’ condoning sexual discrimination or the implied subservience or inferiority of women.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Rosita Fibbi, Arnfinn H. Midtbøen, Patrick Simon, Migration and Discrimination:",
"text": "The book also presents empirical results from studies of discrimination across the world to show the magnitude of the problem and the difficulties of comparison across national borders.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Differential treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage; treatment or consideration based on class or category rather than individual merit; partiality; prejudice; bigotry."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "heterosexism"
},
{
"word": "ageism"
},
{
"word": "ableism"
},
{
"word": "xenophobia"
},
{
"word": "racism"
},
{
"word": "sexism"
},
{
"word": "classism"
},
{
"word": "religionism"
},
{
"word": "homophobia"
}
],
"links": [
[
"treatment",
"treatment"
],
[
"disadvantage",
"disadvantage"
],
[
"merit",
"merit"
],
[
"partiality",
"partiality"
],
[
"prejudice",
"prejudice"
],
[
"bigotry",
"bigotry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, countable, sometimes with \"against\") Differential treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage; treatment or consideration based on class or category rather than individual merit; partiality; prejudice; bigotry."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"against\""
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"sometimes",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: tastefulness"
},
{
"ref": "1863, Alfred Gladstone, The Man of the Hour: A Tale of Real Life - Volume 2, page 128:",
"text": "You are a man of discrimination,” said Qunk, “I admire that girl a little myself, and, entre nous, I think that I'm a bit of a favourite in that quarter.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, C. F. Hull, Shadows of good things to come; or, the gospel in Ruth, page 42:",
"text": "Take heed, then, lest, while you plume yourselves on your superior wisdom and discrimination, the Great Captain does not arraign you before his court-martial on the charge of blood-guiltiness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, David Paton Cuthbertson, Progress in Nutrition and Allied Sciences, page 238:",
"text": "These differences amount to a discrimination by the animal in favour of calcium and against strontium and barium.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Eknath Easwaran, Seeing with the Eyes of Love, page 106:",
"text": "In the vocabulary of Madison Avenue, the man of discrimination is one who knows a fine set of luggage when he sees it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Keren Arbel, Early Buddhist Meditation, page 106:",
"text": "Furthermore, holding the view that the jhānas are in conflict with discrimination and wisdom, one might argue that this quality cannot be developed and sustained when one attains the jhānas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Jane Forsey, On Taste: Aesthetic Exchanges, page viii:",
"text": "If taste is, in Sibleyan terms, an ability involving perceptiveness, sensitivity, discrimination and appreciation, this suggests that it should be directed towards a certain set of objects, and that there is clear room for error and critical debate: about which objects—and which responses—are in fact correct, and which provide evidence of the presence of tasteful discrimination.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Rick South, The Odes of God:",
"text": "Among those who are purified by their good deeds, there are four kinds of men who worship me: the world-weary, the seeker for knowledge, the seeker for happiness and the man of spiritual discrimination. The man of discrimination is the highest of these.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The quality of being discriminating; acute discernment, especially in matters of good taste."
],
"links": [
[
"discriminating",
"discriminating"
],
[
"discernment",
"discernment"
],
[
"taste",
"taste"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The quality of being discriminating; acute discernment, especially in matters of good taste."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1775, Samuel Johnson, A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland - Volume 1, page 239:",
"text": "He who has not made the experiment, or who is not accustomed to require rigorous accuracy from himself, will scarcely believe how much a few hours take from certainty of knowledge, and distinctness of imagery; how the succession of objects will be broken, how separate parts will be confused, and how many particular features and discriminations will be compressed and conglobated into one gross and general idea.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1789, William Coxe, “Letter 41”, in Travels in Switzerland: In a Series of Letters to William Melmoth, Esq. from William Coxe, […] In Three Volumes […] , page 52:",
"text": "But even if this difference should be still greater, it could never be admitted as forming a specific distinction. For the horns not only differ in individuals of the same species, but in the same individuals at different ages. If we were to attempt to arrange animals solely by their horns, the discriminations would be as endless as uncertain.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1796, Sir Uvedale Price, An Essay on the Picturesque, page 236:",
"text": "These seem to me their most obvious and striking causes, and certainly sufficient to distinguish them from each other: but let the most acute metaphysician, place in one point of view whatever may, in any way, mark the nice boundaries which separate them from each other, and then let his discriminations be compared, for clear, and strongly marked difference and opposition, with those I have stated to exist between the beautiful, and the picturesque; and if his discriminations are not more clear, and more strongly marked, but on the contrary much less so, why should they have a power, which is denied to mine?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1800, Marcus Terentius Varro, The Three Books of M. Terentius Varro Concerning Agriculture, page 50:",
"text": "The great discriminations of land are three, and it concerns us to know whether it is poor, or rich, or in a middle state.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"That which discriminates; a distinguishing mark, a characteristic."
],
"links": [
[
"distinguish",
"distinguish"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) That which discriminates; a distinguishing mark, a characteristic."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-discrimination.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "diskriminasie"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tafrīq",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَفْرِيق"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razgraničénie",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разграниче́ние"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "區別"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qūbié",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "区别"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rozlišování"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "onderscheid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminatie"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discrimination"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "disḳriminacia",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "დისკრიმინაცია"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gansxvavebulad moṗq̇roba",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "განსხვავებულად მოპყრობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Diskriminierung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unterscheidung"
},
{
"alt": "くべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kubetsu",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "区別"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gubyeol",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "구별"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vivēcanaṁ",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "വിവേചനം"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foayr"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "discriminacion"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rozróżnienie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "diferențiere"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspoznavánije",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "распознава́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razgraničénije",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разграниче́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things",
"word": "ayrımcılık"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasie"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diskriminim"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tamyīz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَمْيِيز"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xtrakanutʻyun",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "խտրականություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ayrıseçkilik"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasiya"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dyskryminácyja",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дыскрыміна́цыя"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "bōiśommo",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "বৈষম্য"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "diskriminácija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискримина́ция"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "puing:hkra:hkrang:",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ပိုင်းခြားခြင်း"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "hkwai:hkra:hcakhcamhkrang:",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ခွဲခြားဆက်ဆံခြင်း"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminació"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧視"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "kei⁴ si⁶",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧视"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "歧視"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "歧视"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧視"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qíshì",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "歧视"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminace"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskrimination"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminatie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminacio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskrimineerimine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "syrjintä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discrimination"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "disḳriminacia",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "დისკრიმინაცია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Diskriminierung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schlechterstellung"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "af'layá",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אַפְלָיָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhedbhāv",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भेदभाव"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vibhedan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "विभेदन"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diszkrimináció"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "megkülönböztetés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "kirekesztés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "hátrányos megkülönböztetés"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mismunun"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminazione"
},
{
"alt": "さべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sabetsu",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "差別"
},
{
"alt": "れいぐう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "reigū",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "冷遇"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kemsıtuşılık",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "кемсітушілік"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kaarəəhʼaəng",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ការរើសអើង"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chabyeol",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "차별"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "dûçawekî",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "دووچاوەکی"
},
{
"code": "sdh",
"lang": "Southern Kurdish",
"roman": "diçewekî",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "دِچەوەکی"
},
{
"code": "sdh",
"lang": "Southern Kurdish",
"roman": "dibeÿnekî",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "دِبەێنەکی"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "diskriminatsiya",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "дискриминация"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminācija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminacija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "diskriminacija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискриминација"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasi"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vivēcanaṁ",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "വിവേചനം"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "toihara"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "jalgavarlan gaduurxalt",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ялгаварлан гадуурхалт"
},
{
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"class-11"
],
"word": "uɓanguzi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"english": "racial",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rasediskriminering"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"english": "racial",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rasediskriminering"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "discriminacion"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "tab'íz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تبعيض"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tab'iz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "تبعیض"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dyskryminacja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "diskriminácija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискримина́ция"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "leth-bhreith"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискриминација"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminacija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminácia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diskriminacija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "discriminación"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "diskriminering"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "diskriminatsiya",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "дискриминатсия"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "tabʾiz",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "табъиз"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-lʉ̂ʉak-bpà-dtì-bàt",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "การเลือกปฏิบัติ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "ayrımcılık"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminasiýa"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dyskryminácija",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дискриміна́ція"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "kemsitish",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "كەمسىتىش"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "diskriminatsiya"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "kamsitish"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "phân biệt đối xử"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"word": "kì thị"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "diskriminatsye",
"sense": "distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "דיסקרימינאַציע"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"discrimination"
],
"word": "discrimination"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "discrimīnatiō",
"4": "discrimīnātiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin discrimīnātiōnem",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "discriminer",
"3": "-ation"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, discriminer + -ation",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin discrimīnātiōnem. By surface analysis, discriminer + -ation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "discriminations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "discrimination f (plural discriminations)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "discriminatoire"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 5-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krey-",
"French terms suffixed with -ation",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/asjɔ̃"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "reverse discrimination, affirmative action",
"text": "discrimination positive",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"discrimination, distinction"
],
"links": [
[
"discrimination",
"discrimination#English"
],
[
"distinction",
"distinction"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dis.kʁi.mi.na.sjɔ̃/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-discrimination.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-discrimination.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-asjɔ̃"
}
],
"word": "discrimination"
}
Download raw JSONL data for discrimination meaning in All languages combined (37.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": kî-sī / khî-sī vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"discrimination"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "discrimination",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.