See bīties on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*bajā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bijóti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bijóti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "biātwei"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian biātwei",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bijāšanu"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bijāšanu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pabaidīt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pabaidīt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "боꙗти",
"3": "боꙗти"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic боꙗти (bojati)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "бояться"
},
"expansion": "Russian бояться (bojatʹsja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "бая́цца"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian бая́цца (bajácca)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "боя́тися"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian боя́тися (bojátysja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "báti"
},
"expansion": "Czech báti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bać"
},
"expansion": "Polish bać",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bibēn",
"3": "",
"4": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "Old High German bibēn (“to tremble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "beben"
},
"expansion": "German beben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भयते",
"tr": "bháyate"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit भयते (bháyate)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πίθηκος",
"3": "",
"4": "ape, monkey"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πίθηκος (píthēkos, “ape, monkey”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "foedus",
"3": "",
"4": "ugly, loathsome, horrible"
},
"expansion": "Latin foedus (“ugly, loathsome, horrible”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A contraction of the older form bijāties, itself the reflexive form of bijāt. From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti, from *bʰeyh₂-. Cognates include Lithuanian bijóti, bijótis (“to be afraid, to fear”), Old Prussian biātwei ([bjātvei]), present 3rd person bia (“to be afraid”) ([bija]) biāsnan (acc., compare Latvian bijāšanu), pobaiint (“to condemn”) (compare Latvian pabaidīt), Old Church Slavonic боꙗти (bojati), Russian бояться (bojatʹsja), Belarusian бая́цца (bajácca), Ukrainian боя́тися (bojátysja), Czech báti, Polish bać, Old High German bibēn (“to tremble”) (< *bʰi-bʰoy-ti, a reduplicated root), German beben, Sanskrit भयते (bháyate), Ancient Greek πίθηκος (píthēkos, “ape, monkey”) (*pithos < *bʰidʰ-os (“ugly”), probably from earlier “fearsome”), Latin foedus (“ugly, loathsome, horrible”) (< *bʰoydʰos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bīties refl. + genitive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pres. bīstos",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsties",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstas",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "past bijos",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bijos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bīšos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bísties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bísties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bijās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstamies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bijāmies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsimies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsimies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstaties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bijāties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsieties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsities",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bístieties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bijās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"participle-1",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esot bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīdamies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-2",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bīšoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-3",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lai bīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstamies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"participle-4",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bītos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "būtu bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jābīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "būt jābīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "esot jābīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-1",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "nebīties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jābīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-2",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bīšanās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "bīties",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bī",
"2": "bīst",
"3": "1st",
"4": "bíst",
"5": "",
"6": "bij",
"7": "",
"8": "st-j",
"pass": "no",
"refl": "bīt",
"width": "470"
},
"name": "lv-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bī",
"2": "bīst",
"3": "bíst",
"4": "",
"5": "bij",
"6": "",
"7": "st-j",
"inf": "",
"kc": "",
"pass": "no",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "bīt",
"stem2": "",
"sz": "",
"width": "100%",
"zstd": ""
},
"name": "lv-conj-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bīstos",
"10": "bijāties",
"11": "bīšos",
"12": "bīsies",
"13": "bīsies",
"14": "bīsimies",
"15": "bīsieties,\nbīsities",
"16": "bísties",
"17": "bístieties",
"18": "bīstoties",
"19": "bīšoties",
"2": "bísties",
"20": "bītos",
"21": "jābīstas",
"22": "jābīstoties",
"23": "bīstošs",
"24": "bīdamies",
"25": "bīstoties",
"26": "bīstamies",
"27": "bijies",
"28": "bīstams",
"29": "bītiess",
"3": "bīstas",
"30": "bīšanās",
"4": "bīstamies",
"5": "bīstaties",
"6": "bijos",
"7": "bijies",
"8": "bijās",
"9": "bijāmies",
"inf": "",
"pass": "no",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "bīt",
"width": "100%"
},
"name": "lv-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "baidīt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "baidīties"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "baigs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "baigums"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bailes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bailīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bailīgums"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bailība"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bieds"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biedēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biedināt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biedēklis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bikls"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biklums"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biklība"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 28 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian reflexive verbs without transitive sources",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian terms suffixed with -ties",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 25 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid of dogs",
"text": "bities no suņu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid of punishment",
"text": "bīties soda",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid of darkness",
"text": "bīties tumsas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to not be afraid of anything",
"text": "ne no kā nebīties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid as if of fire (= to be very afraid)",
"text": "bīties kā no uguns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he is afraid like the devil (is) of the cross",
"text": "bīstas kā velns no krusta",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid of budging",
"text": "bīties pakustēties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the steps sound hollow in the empty space, you try to walk silently... darkness, there is nothing to be afraid of, but (= except) fear",
"text": "soļi dobji skan tukšā telpā, tu pūlies klusi staigāt... tukšums, nav ko bīties, tomēr bailes",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid (to experience fear; to feel insecure)"
],
"id": "en-bīties-lv-verb-S98MPTKw",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"experience",
"experience#English"
],
[
"fear",
"fear#English"
],
[
"feel",
"feel#English"
],
[
"insecure",
"insecure#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 28 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian reflexive verbs without transitive sources",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian terms suffixed with -ties",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 25 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fear for (one's) son",
"text": "bīties par dēlu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "we no longer need to fear such misfortune",
"text": "par tādām bēdām mums vairs nav jābīstas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid, to fear (to feel worried, to feel anxiety)"
],
"id": "en-bīties-lv-verb-KPbc0REq",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"feel",
"feel#English"
],
[
"worried",
"worry#English"
],
[
"anxiety",
"anxiety#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 28 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian reflexive verbs without transitive sources",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian terms suffixed with -ties",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 25 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fear obstacles",
"text": "bīties šķēršļus",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the farmers were not afraid of work",
"text": "no darba zemnieki nebijās",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid, to fear, to dread (to try to avoid)"
],
"id": "en-bīties-lv-verb-AI92kfpi",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"dread",
"dread"
],
[
"try",
"try#English"
],
[
"avoid",
"avoid#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 28 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian reflexive verbs without transitive sources",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian terms suffixed with -ties",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 25 28 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the new varieties of strawberry are not afraid of the frost",
"text": "jaunās šķirnes zemenes nebīstas no salnas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid (to be sensitive to something)"
],
"id": "en-bīties-lv-verb-v8x6yb1T",
"links": [
[
"usually",
"usually"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"be",
"be#English"
],
[
"sensitive",
"sensitive#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually about plants",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, usually about plants) to be afraid (to be sensitive to something)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"conjugation-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[bîːtiɛ̂s]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "baidīties"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bažīties"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "uztraukties"
}
],
"word": "bīties"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian -st-/-j- type (with shortening) first conjugation verbs",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian first conjugation verbs",
"Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
"Latvian non-lemma forms",
"Latvian reflexive verbs",
"Latvian reflexive verbs without transitive sources",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms suffixed with -ties",
"Latvian verb forms",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Old Church Slavonic links with redundant alt parameters",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*bajā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bijóti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bijóti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "biātwei"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian biātwei",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bijāšanu"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bijāšanu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pabaidīt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pabaidīt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "боꙗти",
"3": "боꙗти"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic боꙗти (bojati)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "бояться"
},
"expansion": "Russian бояться (bojatʹsja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "бая́цца"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian бая́цца (bajácca)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "боя́тися"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian боя́тися (bojátysja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "báti"
},
"expansion": "Czech báti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bać"
},
"expansion": "Polish bać",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "bibēn",
"3": "",
"4": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "Old High German bibēn (“to tremble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "beben"
},
"expansion": "German beben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भयते",
"tr": "bháyate"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit भयते (bháyate)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πίθηκος",
"3": "",
"4": "ape, monkey"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πίθηκος (píthēkos, “ape, monkey”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "foedus",
"3": "",
"4": "ugly, loathsome, horrible"
},
"expansion": "Latin foedus (“ugly, loathsome, horrible”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A contraction of the older form bijāties, itself the reflexive form of bijāt. From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyh₂-eh₂-ti, from *bʰeyh₂-. Cognates include Lithuanian bijóti, bijótis (“to be afraid, to fear”), Old Prussian biātwei ([bjātvei]), present 3rd person bia (“to be afraid”) ([bija]) biāsnan (acc., compare Latvian bijāšanu), pobaiint (“to condemn”) (compare Latvian pabaidīt), Old Church Slavonic боꙗти (bojati), Russian бояться (bojatʹsja), Belarusian бая́цца (bajácca), Ukrainian боя́тися (bojátysja), Czech báti, Polish bać, Old High German bibēn (“to tremble”) (< *bʰi-bʰoy-ti, a reduplicated root), German beben, Sanskrit भयते (bháyate), Ancient Greek πίθηκος (píthēkos, “ape, monkey”) (*pithos < *bʰidʰ-os (“ugly”), probably from earlier “fearsome”), Latin foedus (“ugly, loathsome, horrible”) (< *bʰoydʰos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bīties refl. + genitive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pres. bīstos",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsties",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstas",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "past bijos",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bijos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bīšos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bísties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bísties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bijās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstamies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bijāmies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsimies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsimies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstaties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bijāties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsieties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsities",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bístieties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bijās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīsies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai bīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"participle-1",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esot bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīdamies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-2",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bīšoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-3",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lai bīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīstamies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"participle-4",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bītos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "būtu bijies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jābīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "būt jābīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "bīties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "esot jābīstas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-1",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "nebīties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jābīstoties",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-2",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bīšanās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "bīties",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bī",
"2": "bīst",
"3": "1st",
"4": "bíst",
"5": "",
"6": "bij",
"7": "",
"8": "st-j",
"pass": "no",
"refl": "bīt",
"width": "470"
},
"name": "lv-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bī",
"2": "bīst",
"3": "bíst",
"4": "",
"5": "bij",
"6": "",
"7": "st-j",
"inf": "",
"kc": "",
"pass": "no",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "bīt",
"stem2": "",
"sz": "",
"width": "100%",
"zstd": ""
},
"name": "lv-conj-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bīstos",
"10": "bijāties",
"11": "bīšos",
"12": "bīsies",
"13": "bīsies",
"14": "bīsimies",
"15": "bīsieties,\nbīsities",
"16": "bísties",
"17": "bístieties",
"18": "bīstoties",
"19": "bīšoties",
"2": "bísties",
"20": "bītos",
"21": "jābīstas",
"22": "jābīstoties",
"23": "bīstošs",
"24": "bīdamies",
"25": "bīstoties",
"26": "bīstamies",
"27": "bijies",
"28": "bīstams",
"29": "bītiess",
"3": "bīstas",
"30": "bīšanās",
"4": "bīstamies",
"5": "bīstaties",
"6": "bijos",
"7": "bijies",
"8": "bijās",
"9": "bijāmies",
"inf": "",
"pass": "no",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "bīt",
"width": "100%"
},
"name": "lv-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "baidīt"
},
{
"word": "baidīties"
},
{
"word": "baigs"
},
{
"word": "baigums"
},
{
"word": "bail"
},
{
"word": "bailes"
},
{
"word": "bailīgs"
},
{
"word": "bailīgums"
},
{
"word": "bailība"
},
{
"word": "bieds"
},
{
"word": "biedēt"
},
{
"word": "biedināt"
},
{
"word": "biedēklis"
},
{
"word": "bikls"
},
{
"word": "biklums"
},
{
"word": "biklība"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be afraid of dogs",
"text": "bities no suņu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid of punishment",
"text": "bīties soda",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid of darkness",
"text": "bīties tumsas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to not be afraid of anything",
"text": "ne no kā nebīties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid as if of fire (= to be very afraid)",
"text": "bīties kā no uguns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he is afraid like the devil (is) of the cross",
"text": "bīstas kā velns no krusta",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be afraid of budging",
"text": "bīties pakustēties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the steps sound hollow in the empty space, you try to walk silently... darkness, there is nothing to be afraid of, but (= except) fear",
"text": "soļi dobji skan tukšā telpā, tu pūlies klusi staigāt... tukšums, nav ko bīties, tomēr bailes",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid (to experience fear; to feel insecure)"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"experience",
"experience#English"
],
[
"fear",
"fear#English"
],
[
"feel",
"feel#English"
],
[
"insecure",
"insecure#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fear for (one's) son",
"text": "bīties par dēlu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "we no longer need to fear such misfortune",
"text": "par tādām bēdām mums vairs nav jābīstas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid, to fear (to feel worried, to feel anxiety)"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"feel",
"feel#English"
],
[
"worried",
"worry#English"
],
[
"anxiety",
"anxiety#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fear obstacles",
"text": "bīties šķēršļus",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the farmers were not afraid of work",
"text": "no darba zemnieki nebijās",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid, to fear, to dread (to try to avoid)"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"dread",
"dread"
],
[
"try",
"try#English"
],
[
"avoid",
"avoid#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian colloquialisms",
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the new varieties of strawberry are not afraid of the frost",
"text": "jaunās šķirnes zemenes nebīstas no salnas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid (to be sensitive to something)"
],
"links": [
[
"usually",
"usually"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"be",
"be#English"
],
[
"sensitive",
"sensitive#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually about plants",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, usually about plants) to be afraid (to be sensitive to something)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"conjugation-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[bîːtiɛ̂s]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baidīties"
},
{
"word": "bail"
},
{
"word": "bažīties"
},
{
"word": "uztraukties"
}
],
"word": "bīties"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bīties meaning in All languages combined (13.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: no+",
"path": [
"bīties"
],
"section": "Latvian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bīties",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.