See attenuate on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
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"sense": "antonym(s) of “electronics”",
"word": "amplify"
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"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "attenuable"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "attenuation"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "deattenuate"
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "disattenuate"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hyperattenuating"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hypoattenuating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "isoattenuate"
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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"etymology_text": "The verb if first attested in 1530, the adjective in 1626; borrowed from Latin attenuātus, the perfect passive participle of attenuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + tenuo (“to make thin”), itsef from tenuis (“thin”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "extenuate"
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tenuities"
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"ref": "1874, Thomas Hardy, chapter 40, in Far From the Madding Crowd:",
"text": "A manor-house clock from the far depths of shadow struck the hour, one, in a small, attenuated tone.",
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"ref": "1899, Stephen Crane, chapter 4, in His New Mittens:",
"text": "Clumps of attenuated turkeys were suspended here and there.",
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"ref": "1906, E. Phillips Oppenheim, chapter 1, in The Malefactor:",
"text": "Lovell, wan and hollow-eyed, his arm in a sling, his once burly frame gaunt and attenuated with disease, nodded.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make thinner, as by physically reshaping, starving, or decaying."
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"(transitive) To make thinner, as by physically reshaping, starving, or decaying."
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"To become thin or fine; to grow less."
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"(intransitive) To become thin or fine; to grow less."
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"ref": "1851, Sir Francis Palgrave, chapter IV, in The History of Normandy and of England:",
"text": "We may reject and reject till we attenuate history into sapless meagreness.",
"type": "quote"
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"glosses": [
"To weaken."
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"id": "en-attenuate-en-verb-sLArYaIr",
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"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To weaken."
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"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otslabvam",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "отслабвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "atenuar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "verzwakken"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mileva",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "მილევა"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "abschwächen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "mildern"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "abmildern"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "vermindern"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "dämpfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "schwächen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "schwächer werden"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "svekke"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oslabljátʹ",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "ослабля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "oslabiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 95 1 0 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To weaken",
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"ref": "1900 December – 1901 August, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, chapter 23, in The First Men in the Moon, London: George Newnes, […], published 1901, →OCLC:",
"text": "\"It speedily became apparent that the entire strangeness of our circumstances and surroundings—great loss of weight, attenuated but highly oxygenated air, consequent exaggeration of the results of muscular effort, rapid development of weird plants from obscure spores, lurid sky—was exciting my companion unduly.\"",
"type": "quote"
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],
"glosses": [
"To rarefy."
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"id": "en-attenuate-en-verb-4WgzoP1B",
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"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To rarefy."
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 3 81 1 5 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razreždam",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "разреждам"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 3 81 1 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "verdünnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 3 81 1 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "evakuieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 3 81 1 5 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "razrijediti"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 3 81 1 5 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "prorijediti"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 3 81 1 5 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozrídžuvaty",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "розрі́джувати"
},
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"_dis1": "1 3 2 3 81 1 5 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozridýty",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
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"To reduce the virulence of a bacterium or virus."
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"(transitive, medicine) To reduce the virulence of a bacterium or virus."
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"To reduce the amplitude of an electrical, radio, or optical signal."
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"(transitive, electronics) To reduce the amplitude of an electrical, radio, or optical signal."
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"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
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"ref": "2009 July–August, John Palmer, “Attenuation: Advanced Brewing”, in Brew Your Own, archived from the original on 2013-10-06:",
"text": "A beer which does not attenuate to the expected level in fermentation will have more residual sugar and thus be sweeter and heavier-bodied.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(of a beer) To become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol."
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"(brewing) (of a beer) To become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol."
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"beverages",
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"business",
"food",
"lifestyle",
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"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "namaljavam",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "намалявам"
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{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenuar"
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{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenui"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atténuer"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mileva",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "მილევა"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "verringern"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "vermindern"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "abschwächen"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "reduzieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "abmagern"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "dämpfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "verkleinern"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenua"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "smanjiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenuar"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "minska"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "förminska"
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{
"_dis1": "33 0 0 0 0 34 33 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "försvaga"
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"word": "attenuate"
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"etymology_text": "The verb if first attested in 1530, the adjective in 1626; borrowed from Latin attenuātus, the perfect passive participle of attenuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + tenuo (“to make thin”), itsef from tenuis (“thin”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).",
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"expansion": "attenuate (comparative more attenuate, superlative most attenuate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 13 9 10 9 8 8 3 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Slender, thin."
],
"id": "en-attenuate-en-adj-8-FDvm9U",
"links": [
[
"Slender",
"slender"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 14 9 9 9 7 7 3 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 13 9 10 9 8 8 3 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 15 8 9 8 7 7 3 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 11 13 9 9 9 8 8 3 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 15 8 9 8 7 7 3 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 14 8 9 8 7 7 3 16 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rarefied, thin, refined."
],
"id": "en-attenuate-en-adj-1jhJua0J",
"links": [
[
"Rarefied",
"rarefied"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
],
[
"refined",
"refined"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in consistency) Rarefied, thin, refined."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in consistency"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 15 9 11 8 7 7 4 12 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 15 9 11 8 7 7 4 12 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 14 9 9 9 7 7 3 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 13 9 10 9 8 8 3 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 15 8 9 8 7 7 3 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 11 13 9 9 9 8 8 3 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 15 8 9 8 7 7 3 16 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 14 8 9 8 7 7 3 16 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Gradually tapering into a petiole-like extension toward the base."
],
"id": "en-attenuate-en-adj-3pNg~kEC",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"taper",
"taper"
],
[
"petiole",
"petiole"
],
[
"base",
"base"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany, of leaves) Gradually tapering into a petiole-like extension toward the base."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of leaves"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 9 87",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: tapering towards the base",
"word": "suippotyvinen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈtɛn.juˌeɪt/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-attenuate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/En-us-attenuate.ogg/En-us-attenuate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/En-us-attenuate.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈten.jʉˌæɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "attenuate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 8 4 4 4 3 3 1 9 4 42 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 8 2 3 2 2 2 1 9 5 54 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of attenuare:",
"second-person plural present indicative"
],
"id": "en-attenuate-it-verb-GPqDV6ND",
"links": [
[
"attenuare",
"attenuare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of attenuare:",
"second-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-attenuate-it-verb-D2VHEMfT",
"links": [
[
"attenuare",
"attenuare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "past participle form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "attenuate f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of attenuato"
],
"id": "en-attenuate-it-verb-TKHtVmJY",
"links": [
[
"attenuato",
"attenuato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "attenuāte",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "attenuāte"
},
"expansion": "attenuāte",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person plural present active imperative of attenuō"
],
"id": "en-attenuate-la-verb-v8XiBPK7",
"links": [
[
"attenuō",
"attenuo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “electronics”",
"word": "amplify"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "attenuable"
},
{
"word": "attenuation"
},
{
"word": "attenuative"
},
{
"word": "attenuator"
},
{
"word": "deattenuate"
},
{
"word": "disattenuate"
},
{
"word": "hyperattenuating"
},
{
"word": "hypoattenuating"
},
{
"word": "isoattenuate"
},
{
"word": "reattenuate"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1530"
},
"expansion": "1530",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1530",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "first attested in 1530",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "attenuātus",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Latin attenuātus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"id1": "verb",
"pos1": "verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ate (verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"id1": "adjective",
"pos1": "adjective-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ate (adjective-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb if first attested in 1530, the adjective in 1626; borrowed from Latin attenuātus, the perfect passive participle of attenuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + tenuo (“to make thin”), itsef from tenuis (“thin”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "attenuates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "attenuating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "attenuated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "attenuated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "attenuate (third-person singular simple present attenuates, present participle attenuating, simple past and past participle attenuated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "extenuate"
},
{
"word": "tenuities"
},
{
"word": "tenuity"
},
{
"word": "tenuous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
94
]
],
"ref": "1874, Thomas Hardy, chapter 40, in Far From the Madding Crowd:",
"text": "A manor-house clock from the far depths of shadow struck the hour, one, in a small, attenuated tone.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reduce in size, force, value, amount, or degree."
],
"links": [
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"amount",
"amount"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To reduce in size, force, value, amount, or degree."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
20
]
],
"ref": "1899, Stephen Crane, chapter 4, in His New Mittens:",
"text": "Clumps of attenuated turkeys were suspended here and there.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
80,
90
]
],
"ref": "1906, E. Phillips Oppenheim, chapter 1, in The Malefactor:",
"text": "Lovell, wan and hollow-eyed, his arm in a sling, his once burly frame gaunt and attenuated with disease, nodded.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make thinner, as by physically reshaping, starving, or decaying."
],
"links": [
[
"thin",
"thin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make thinner, as by physically reshaping, starving, or decaying."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To become thin or fine; to grow less."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become thin or fine; to grow less."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
42
]
],
"ref": "1851, Sir Francis Palgrave, chapter IV, in The History of Normandy and of England:",
"text": "We may reject and reject till we attenuate history into sapless meagreness.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weaken."
],
"links": [
[
"weaken",
"weaken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To weaken."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
117,
127
]
],
"ref": "1900 December – 1901 August, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, chapter 23, in The First Men in the Moon, London: George Newnes, […], published 1901, →OCLC:",
"text": "\"It speedily became apparent that the entire strangeness of our circumstances and surroundings—great loss of weight, attenuated but highly oxygenated air, consequent exaggeration of the results of muscular effort, rapid development of weird plants from obscure spores, lurid sky—was exciting my companion unduly.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rarefy."
],
"links": [
[
"rarefy",
"rarefy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To rarefy."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"To reduce the virulence of a bacterium or virus."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"virulence",
"virulence"
],
[
"bacterium",
"bacterium"
],
[
"virus",
"virus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, medicine) To reduce the virulence of a bacterium or virus."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Electronics"
],
"glosses": [
"To reduce the amplitude of an electrical, radio, or optical signal."
],
"links": [
[
"electronics",
"electronics"
],
[
"amplitude",
"amplitude"
],
[
"electrical",
"electrical"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, electronics) To reduce the amplitude of an electrical, radio, or optical signal."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
"electromagnetism",
"electronics",
"energy",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Brewing"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009 July–August, John Palmer, “Attenuation: Advanced Brewing”, in Brew Your Own, archived from the original on 2013-10-06:",
"text": "A beer which does not attenuate to the expected level in fermentation will have more residual sugar and thus be sweeter and heavier-bodied.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(of a beer) To become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol."
],
"links": [
[
"brewing",
"brewing#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(brewing) (of a beer) To become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol."
],
"topics": [
"beverages",
"brewing",
"business",
"food",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈtɛn.juˌeɪt/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-attenuate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/En-us-attenuate.ogg/En-us-attenuate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/En-us-attenuate.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈten.jʉˌæɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "namaljavam",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "намалявам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenuar"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenui"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atténuer"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mileva",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "მილევა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "verringern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "vermindern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "abschwächen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "reduzieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "abmagern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "dämpfen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "verkleinern"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenua"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "smanjiti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "atenuar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "minska"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "förminska"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To reduce",
"word": "försvaga"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otslabvam",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "отслабвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "atenuar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "verzwakken"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mileva",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "მილევა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "abschwächen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "mildern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "abmildern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "vermindern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "dämpfen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "schwächen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "schwächer werden"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "svekke"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oslabljátʹ",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "ослабля́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "oslabiti"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "To weaken",
"word": "försvaga"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razreždam",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "разреждам"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "verdünnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "evakuieren"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "razrijediti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"word": "prorijediti"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozrídžuvaty",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розрі́джувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozridýty",
"sense": "To rarefy — see also rarefy",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "розріди́ти"
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "subattenuate"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1530"
},
"expansion": "1530",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1530",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "first attested in 1530",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "attenuātus",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Latin attenuātus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"id1": "verb",
"pos1": "verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ate (verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"id1": "adjective",
"pos1": "adjective-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ate (adjective-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb if first attested in 1530, the adjective in 1626; borrowed from Latin attenuātus, the perfect passive participle of attenuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + tenuo (“to make thin”), itsef from tenuis (“thin”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more attenuate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most attenuate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "attenuate (comparative more attenuate, superlative most attenuate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Slender, thin."
],
"links": [
[
"Slender",
"slender"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rarefied, thin, refined."
],
"links": [
[
"Rarefied",
"rarefied"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
],
[
"refined",
"refined"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in consistency) Rarefied, thin, refined."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in consistency"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"Gradually tapering into a petiole-like extension toward the base."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"taper",
"taper"
],
[
"petiole",
"petiole"
],
[
"base",
"base"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany, of leaves) Gradually tapering into a petiole-like extension toward the base."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of leaves"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈtɛn.juˌeɪt/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-attenuate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/En-us-attenuate.ogg/En-us-attenuate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/En-us-attenuate.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈten.jʉˌæɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: tapering towards the base",
"word": "suippotyvinen"
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian past participle forms",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "attenuate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of attenuare:",
"second-person plural present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"attenuare",
"attenuare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of attenuare:",
"second-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"attenuare",
"attenuare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian past participle forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "past participle form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "attenuate f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of attenuato"
],
"links": [
[
"attenuato",
"attenuato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "attenuāte",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "attenuāte"
},
"expansion": "attenuāte",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "attenuō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person plural present active imperative of attenuō"
],
"links": [
[
"attenuō",
"attenuo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "attenuate"
}
Download raw JSONL data for attenuate meaning in All languages combined (17.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.