See -else on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -else meaning in All languages combined (13.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "-else"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: -else",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: -else"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gmq-oda",
"3": "-ilse"
},
"expansion": "-ilse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-ælsæ"
},
"expansion": "-ælsæ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-nisse"
},
"expansion": "-nisse",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -ilse, later -ælsæ, from Old Saxon -isli, -islo, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī. Also used to represent the Middle Low German suffix -nisse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-elsen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elser",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elserne",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "-elsen",
"5": "plural indefinite",
"6": "-elser",
"7": "plural definite",
"8": "-elserne",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "-else c (singular definite -elsen, plural indefinite -elser, plural definite -elserne)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"added to a verb to form a noun for an action or process"
],
"id": "en--else-da-suffix-izSNNHKO",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the result of, or something related to, such an action or process"
],
"id": "en--else-da-suffix-jEBqQGHS",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-əlsə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-əlsə]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-sel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-tion"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-else"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -else",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German -else, from Old Saxon -isli, -islo; from Proto-West Germanic *-islī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-else n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "from backen (“to bake”)",
"text": "Backelse (“pastry”): that which is baked (in a wider sense anything baked like bread and cakes)"
},
{
"text": "Radelse (“riddle”): that which is guessed — from raden (“to guess”); compare German Rätsel, Dutch raadsel, Old English rǣdelse"
},
{
"english": "from riemen (“to rhyme”)",
"text": "Riemelse (“rhyme”): that which is rhymed"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creating, from a verb, a noun which is created by the action of this verb (not necessarily one with which the verb is supposed to be done)."
],
"id": "en--else-nds-suffix-834tXjws",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-els"
},
{
"word": "-elsch"
},
{
"word": "-sel"
},
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əlsə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[(ə)lzə]"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Saxon -isli, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-else"
},
"expansion": "-else",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a baked good; literally 'that which is created by baking'",
"text": "ên backelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creating a noun from a verb, denoting something on which the verb is performed."
],
"id": "en--else-gml-suffix-~y7LdSeB",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a cover, a roof, a wrapping; literally 'that which is used to cover'",
"text": "ên deckelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creating a noun from a verb, denoting an object which is used to perform the verb."
],
"id": "en--else-gml-suffix-fSgtoYZz",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əlzə/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-sel"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "-else"
},
"expansion": "Danish -else",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gmq-oda",
"3": "-ælsæ"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish -ælsæ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "-ilse"
},
"expansion": "-ilse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gmw",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "West Germanic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-nisse"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -nisse",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-nissi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -nissi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-nassī",
"pos": "forms abstract nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (forms abstract nouns)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*-nass"
},
"expansion": "*-nass",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-inassuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-inassuz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*-ī"
},
"expansion": "*-ī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-į̄"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-į̄",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ih₂",
"4": "*-i-h₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-h₂",
"pos": "creates collective nouns"
},
"expansion": "*-h₂ (creates collective nouns)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Mostly from Danish -else, from Old Danish -ælsæ -ilse, with metathesis of -sl- to -ls- from Old Saxon -isli, -islo.\nAlso from West Germanic loanwords, partly with metathesis of suffixes -sel and -sle from Middle Low German -nisse, from Old Saxon -nissi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (forms abstract nouns), from *-nass, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz + *-ī, from Proto-Germanic *-į̄, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂, from *-h₂ (creates collective nouns).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-elset",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elser",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsa",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "-else m or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-el‧se"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "forms nouns",
"word": "-ning"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "decision, understanding, challenge, proclamation, resurrection",
"text": "avgjørelse, forståelse, anfektelse, bebudelse, oppstandelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns denoting an action."
],
"id": "en--else-nb-suffix-nb:noun",
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "discussion, translation, facilitation, education",
"text": "drøftelse, oversettelse, tilretteleggelse, utdannelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns synonymous with the -ing ending."
],
"id": "en--else-nb-suffix-nb:noun1",
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "connection, parable",
"text": "forbindelse, lignelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns denoting a different meaning than the -ing ending."
],
"id": "en--else-nb-suffix-nb:noun1",
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "writing, ghost, starch",
"text": "skrivelse, spøkelse, stivelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns with a specific meaning, usually the result of an action"
],
"id": "en--else-nb-suffix-nb:noun1",
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɛlsə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌəlsə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlsə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əlsə"
},
{
"homophone": "Else"
},
{
"homophone": "-elset"
},
{
"audio": "nb--else.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Nb--else.ogg/Nb--else.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Nb--else.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English: -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -le"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A metathetic form of Proto-West Germanic *-islī.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-else",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f",
"head": "-else"
},
"expansion": "-else f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-els"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-else",
"2": "-elsan",
"3": "-elsan",
"4": "-elsan",
"5": "-elsan",
"6": "-elsena",
"7": "-elsan",
"8": "-elsum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "counsel, advice, riddle, enigma",
"text": "rǣdelse",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an offense, scandal; stumblingblock",
"text": "myrrelse, mierrelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix creating nouns from verbs"
],
"id": "en--else-ang-suffix-Xn-cI1Mi",
"raw_glosses": [
"(feminine suffix for inanimate objects) suffix creating nouns from verbs"
],
"raw_tags": [
"for inanimate objects"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-els"
},
{
"word": "-elle"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/el.se/"
},
{
"ipa": "[eɫ.ze]"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-nisse"
},
"expansion": "-nisse",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Saxon -isli, -islo, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī. Also used to represent the Middle Low German suffix -nisse.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "-else c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix creating nouns from verbs"
],
"id": "en--else-sv-suffix-Xn-cI1Mi",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender suffixes",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish suffixes",
"Danish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Danish terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Danish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Danish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "-else"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: -else",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: -else"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gmq-oda",
"3": "-ilse"
},
"expansion": "-ilse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-ælsæ"
},
"expansion": "-ælsæ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-nisse"
},
"expansion": "-nisse",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -ilse, later -ælsæ, from Old Saxon -isli, -islo, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī. Also used to represent the Middle Low German suffix -nisse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-elsen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elser",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elserne",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "-elsen",
"5": "plural indefinite",
"6": "-elser",
"7": "plural definite",
"8": "-elserne",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "-else c (singular definite -elsen, plural indefinite -elser, plural definite -elserne)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"added to a verb to form a noun for an action or process"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the result of, or something related to, such an action or process"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-əlsə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-əlsə]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ing"
},
{
"word": "-sel"
},
{
"word": "-tion"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-else"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -else",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German -else, from Old Saxon -isli, -islo; from Proto-West Germanic *-islī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-else n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"Low German lemmas",
"Low German neuter suffixes",
"Low German suffixes",
"Low German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Low German terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Low German terms inherited from Middle Low German",
"Low German terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "from backen (“to bake”)",
"text": "Backelse (“pastry”): that which is baked (in a wider sense anything baked like bread and cakes)"
},
{
"text": "Radelse (“riddle”): that which is guessed — from raden (“to guess”); compare German Rätsel, Dutch raadsel, Old English rǣdelse"
},
{
"english": "from riemen (“to rhyme”)",
"text": "Riemelse (“rhyme”): that which is rhymed"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creating, from a verb, a noun which is created by the action of this verb (not necessarily one with which the verb is supposed to be done)."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əlsə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[(ə)lzə]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-els"
},
{
"word": "-elsch"
},
{
"word": "-sel"
},
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Low German lemmas",
"Middle Low German suffixes",
"Middle Low German terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Middle Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon",
"Middle Low German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Low German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Low German terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Saxon -isli, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-else"
},
"expansion": "-else",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Low German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a baked good; literally 'that which is created by baking'",
"text": "ên backelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creating a noun from a verb, denoting something on which the verb is performed."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Low German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a cover, a roof, a wrapping; literally 'that which is used to cover'",
"text": "ên deckelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creating a noun from a verb, denoting an object which is used to perform the verb."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əlzə/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-sel"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "-else"
},
"expansion": "Danish -else",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gmq-oda",
"3": "-ælsæ"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish -ælsæ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "-ilse"
},
"expansion": "-ilse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gmw",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "West Germanic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-nisse"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -nisse",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-nissi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -nissi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-nassī",
"pos": "forms abstract nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (forms abstract nouns)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*-nass"
},
"expansion": "*-nass",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-inassuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-inassuz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*-ī"
},
"expansion": "*-ī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-į̄"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-į̄",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ih₂",
"4": "*-i-h₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-h₂",
"pos": "creates collective nouns"
},
"expansion": "*-h₂ (creates collective nouns)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Mostly from Danish -else, from Old Danish -ælsæ -ilse, with metathesis of -sl- to -ls- from Old Saxon -isli, -islo.\nAlso from West Germanic loanwords, partly with metathesis of suffixes -sel and -sle from Middle Low German -nisse, from Old Saxon -nissi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (forms abstract nouns), from *-nass, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz + *-ī, from Proto-Germanic *-į̄, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂, from *-h₂ (creates collective nouns).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-elset",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elser",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsa",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "-else m or n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-el‧se"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ing"
},
{
"english": "forms nouns",
"word": "-ning"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "decision, understanding, challenge, proclamation, resurrection",
"text": "avgjørelse, forståelse, anfektelse, bebudelse, oppstandelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns denoting an action."
],
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "discussion, translation, facilitation, education",
"text": "drøftelse, oversettelse, tilretteleggelse, utdannelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns synonymous with the -ing ending."
],
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "connection, parable",
"text": "forbindelse, lignelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns denoting a different meaning than the -ing ending."
],
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "writing, ghost, starch",
"text": "skrivelse, spøkelse, stivelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns with a specific meaning, usually the result of an action"
],
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"nb:noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɛlsə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌəlsə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlsə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əlsə"
},
{
"homophone": "Else"
},
{
"homophone": "-elset"
},
{
"audio": "nb--else.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Nb--else.ogg/Nb--else.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Nb--else.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English: -le",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -le"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A metathetic form of Proto-West Germanic *-islī.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-else",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-elsum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f",
"head": "-else"
},
"expansion": "-else f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-els"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-else",
"2": "-elsan",
"3": "-elsan",
"4": "-elsan",
"5": "-elsan",
"6": "-elsena",
"7": "-elsan",
"8": "-elsum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine n-stem nouns",
"Old English feminine suffixes",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "counsel, advice, riddle, enigma",
"text": "rǣdelse",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an offense, scandal; stumblingblock",
"text": "myrrelse, mierrelse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix creating nouns from verbs"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(feminine suffix for inanimate objects) suffix creating nouns from verbs"
],
"raw_tags": [
"for inanimate objects"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/el.se/"
},
{
"ipa": "[eɫ.ze]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-els"
},
{
"word": "-elle"
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-isli"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -isli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-islo"
},
"expansion": "-islo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-islī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-islī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-nisse"
},
"expansion": "-nisse",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Saxon -isli, -islo, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī. Also used to represent the Middle Low German suffix -nisse.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "-else c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender suffixes",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish suffixes",
"Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"suffix creating nouns from verbs"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-else"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.