See 霜 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 霜 meaning in All languages combined (26.1kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"霜 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 一月木月山 (MBDBU), four-corner 1096₃, composition ⿱雨相)"
],
"id": "en-霜-mul-character-~WQkweUX",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"雨",
"雨#Translingual"
],
[
"相",
"相#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qīshí wǎ shàng shuāng, bāshí bù xīqí",
"word": "七十瓦上霜，八十不稀奇"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "傲雪凌霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "傲雪欺霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "傲霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "傲霜枝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "傲霜鬥雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "傲霜斗雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "兩鬢飛霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "两鬓飞霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liùyuèfēishuāng",
"word": "六月飛霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liùyuèfēishuāng",
"word": "六月飞霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "冒霜撥露"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "冒霜拨露"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bīngshuāng",
"word": "冰霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "冷若冰霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "冷霜霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "冽霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "níngshuāng",
"word": "凝霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "初霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "含霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "嚴霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "严霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "字挾風霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "字挟风霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "孤霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "寒霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "履霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "履霜之戒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "履霜堅冰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "履霜坚冰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "履霜知冰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "披霜冒露"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "早霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīngshuāng",
"word": "星霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "春露秋霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "晚霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "柿霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "欺霜傲雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "滿面雪霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "满面雪霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "潘鬢成霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "潘鬓成霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wúshuāngqī",
"word": "無霜期"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wúshuāngqī",
"word": "无霜期"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kūn yù qiū shuāng",
"word": "琨玉秋霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "百草霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "眠霜臥雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "眠霜卧雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pīshuāng",
"word": "砒霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "秋霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tángshuāng",
"word": "糖霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "終霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "终霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "羊霜腸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "羊霜肠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "臥月眠霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "卧月眠霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "臥雪眠霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "卧雪眠霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "范履霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "草上霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "茯苓霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "葛屨履霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "葛屦履霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "蔗霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mìjiànpīshuāng",
"word": "蜜餞砒霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mìjiànpīshuāng",
"word": "蜜饯砒霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "蟲霜水旱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "虫霜水旱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Guìshuāng",
"word": "貴霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Guìshuāng",
"word": "贵霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "貴霜王朝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "贵霜王朝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīnjīnàshuāng",
"word": "金雞納霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīnjīnàshuāng",
"word": "金鸡纳霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pūshuāngyǒngxuě",
"word": "鋪霜湧雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pūshuāngyǒngxuě",
"word": "铺霜涌雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fángshàishuāng",
"word": "防曬霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fángshàishuāng",
"word": "防晒霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "防霜林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "降霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chúshuāng",
"word": "除霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuěshàngjiāshuāng",
"word": "雪上加霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霏霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuāngdòng",
"word": "霜凍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuāngdòng",
"word": "霜冻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuāngtiān",
"word": "霜天"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜威"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuānghài",
"word": "霜害"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Shuāngyuè",
"word": "霜月"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜毫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuāngqílín",
"word": "霜淇淋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜禽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜舂雨薪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜蹄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜鋒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜锋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Shuāngjiàng",
"word": "霜降"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜隕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜陨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuāngxuě",
"word": "霜雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜露之思"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜鬢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "霜鬓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "miànshuāng",
"word": "面霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "風刀霜劍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "风刀霜剑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fēngshuāng",
"word": "風霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fēngshuāng",
"word": "风霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "飛霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "飞霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "飽經霜雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "饱经霜雪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎojīngfēngshuāng",
"word": "飽經風霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎojīngfēngshuāng",
"word": "饱经风霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yánshuāng",
"word": "鹽霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yánshuāng",
"word": "盐霜"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "霜"
},
"expansion": "霜",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "霜",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "霜",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sương",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "霜"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: sương (霜)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "霜",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "sương",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "霜",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "霜",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "霜",
"v": "霜",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (霜):\n* → Vietnamese: sương (霜)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "sương"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (霜):\n* → Vietnamese: sương (霜)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (霜):\n* → Vietnamese: sương (霜)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "涼",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "涼 (OC *ɡ·raŋ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 涼 (OC *ɡ·raŋ) with an s- (nominalizer) prefix (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "霜",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 30 26 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frost"
],
"id": "en-霜-zh-character-178Mnqbq",
"links": [
[
"frost",
"frost"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"frost-like powder"
],
"id": "en-霜-zh-character-5r26qpJl",
"links": [
[
"powder",
"powder"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "zh:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 15 61 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "防曬霜／防晒霜 ― fángshàishuāng ― sunscreen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cream"
],
"id": "en-霜-zh-character-86IsHOjg",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"cream",
"cream"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) cream"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"white"
],
"id": "en-霜-zh-character-AY-pakRx",
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) white"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Min Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ice"
],
"id": "en-霜-zh-character-TLCyUMYl",
"links": [
[
"ice",
"ice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Min) ice"
],
"tags": [
"Min",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shuāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄕㄨㄤ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "suang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "soeng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "suon¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "só̤ng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "sŏng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "sng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "song"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "seng¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹saon"
},
{
"zh-pron": "xyan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shuāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄕㄨㄤ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "shwāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "шуан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "šuan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "suong"
},
{
"ipa": "/suaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "soeng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sēung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "soeng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sêng¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sœːŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "song´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "suon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/suɒ̃¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "só̤ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "sŏng"
},
{
"ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "sngf"
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Singapore",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "song"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "sofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sṳng"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹saon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "saon^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹saan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/sɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "xyan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕy̯æn³³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "srjang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[s]raŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*sraŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/suaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sœːŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/suɒ̃¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕy̯æn³³/"
},
{
"other": "[s]"
},
{
"other": "/*sraŋ/"
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "sōgai",
"ruby": [
[
"霜害",
"そうがい"
]
],
"word": "霜害"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "sōgetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"霜月",
"そうげつ"
]
],
"word": "霜月"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "sōbin",
"ruby": [
[
"霜鬢",
"そうびん"
]
],
"word": "霜鬢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "kōsō",
"ruby": [
[
"降霜",
"こうそう"
]
],
"word": "降霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shūsō",
"ruby": [
[
"秋霜",
"しゅうそう"
]
],
"word": "秋霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shunsō",
"ruby": [
[
"春霜",
"しゅんそう"
]
],
"word": "春霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "josō",
"ruby": [
[
"除霜",
"じょそう"
]
],
"word": "除霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "seisō",
"ruby": [
[
"星霜",
"せいそう"
]
],
"word": "星霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "sōrin",
"ruby": [
[
"霜林",
"そうりん"
]
],
"word": "霜林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "hyōsō",
"ruby": [
[
"氷霜",
"ひょうそう"
]
],
"word": "氷霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "fūsō",
"ruby": [
[
"風霜",
"ふうそう"
]
],
"word": "風霜"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 39 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frost"
],
"id": "en-霜-ja-character-178Mnqbq",
"links": [
[
"frost",
"frost"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 39 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"years"
],
"id": "en-霜-ja-character-HFCZOwCc",
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 39 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 49 18 12 18 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 45 22 12 15 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 45 22 12 15 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 47 22 12 15 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 48 22 11 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 48 21 12 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"white as snow, cold as ice, harsh as snow"
],
"id": "en-霜-ja-character-n2Jon4Uh",
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
],
[
"as snow",
"white as snow"
],
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"as ice",
"cold as ice"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "霜曇"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shimogumori",
"word": "霜曇り"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shimotsuki",
"ruby": [
[
"霜月",
"しもつき"
]
],
"word": "霜月"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shimobashira",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
],
[
"柱",
"ばしら"
]
],
"word": "霜柱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "akishimo",
"ruby": [
[
"秋霜",
"あきしも"
]
],
"word": "秋霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ōshimo",
"ruby": [
[
"大霜",
"おおしも"
]
],
"word": "大霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "osojimo",
"ruby": [
[
"晩霜",
"おそじも"
]
],
"word": "晩霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuyujimo",
"ruby": [
[
"露霜",
"つゆじも"
]
],
"word": "露霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "hatsushimo",
"ruby": [
[
"初霜",
"はつしも"
]
],
"word": "初霜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yūshimo",
"ruby": [
[
"夕霜",
"ゆうしも"
]
],
"word": "夕霜"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"lang": "ja"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Frost"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しも"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*simo",
"sort": "しも"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *simo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom, lower part",
"tr": "⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo"
},
"expansion": "下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "⟨simo₁⟩ → /simo/ → /ɕimo/\nFrom Old Japanese, first attested in the Harima Fudoki of 715 CE, in turn from Proto-Japonic *simo.\nThought to be cognate with or derived from 下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "霜",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shimo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しも"
},
"expansion": "霜(しも) • (shimo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"proverbs": [
{
"roman": "shimo o funde kenpyō itaru",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
],
[
"履",
"ふ"
],
[
"堅氷",
"けんぴょう"
],
[
"至",
"いた"
]
],
"word": "霜を履んで堅氷至る"
}
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shimo o oku",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
],
[
"置",
"お"
]
],
"word": "霜を置く"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"frost (ice crystals in objects exposed to the air)"
],
"id": "en-霜-ja-noun-72EE6FYY",
"links": [
[
"frost",
"frost"
],
[
"ice",
"ice#English"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal#English"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"expose",
"expose#English"
],
[
"air",
"air#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "フロスト"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ice adhered inside an electric refrigerator"
],
"id": "en-霜-ja-noun-eguPj3bO",
"links": [
[
"ice",
"ice"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"electric",
"electric"
],
[
"refrigerator",
"refrigerator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) ice adhered inside an electric refrigerator"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"white hair"
],
"id": "en-霜-ja-noun--3tVE3E2",
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) white hair"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しも"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕimo̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Fudoki#Manuscripts"
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"lang": "ja"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Frost"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しも"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*simo",
"sort": "しも"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *simo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom, lower part",
"tr": "⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo"
},
"expansion": "下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "⟨simo₁⟩ → /simo/ → /ɕimo/\nFrom Old Japanese, first attested in the Harima Fudoki of 715 CE, in turn from Proto-Japonic *simo.\nThought to be cognate with or derived from 下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "霜",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Shimo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "しも"
},
"expansion": "霜(しも) • (Shimo)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-霜-ja-name-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しも"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕimo̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Fudoki#Manuscripts"
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "霜",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "霜 (MC srjang)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "사ᇰ"
},
"expansion": "사ᇰ (sang)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:훈몽자회/天文#상02B",
"3": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "사ᇰ",
"2": "sang",
"3": "天文#상02B"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 사ᇰ (sang) (Yale: sang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"name": "hanja-hunmong"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 霜 (MC srjang). Recorded as Middle Korean 사ᇰ (sang) (Yale: sang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "서리 상",
"roman": "seori sang",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "서리",
"2": "상"
},
"expansion": "霜 (eumhun 서리 상 (seori sang))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "frost",
"word": "상"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "霜害",
"roman": "sanghae",
"word": "상해"
},
{
"alt": "霜降",
"roman": "sanggang",
"word": "상강"
},
{
"alt": "霜雪",
"roman": "sangseol",
"word": "상설"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 상 (“frost”)."
],
"id": "en-霜-ko-character-e-~8qM09",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"상",
"상#Korean"
],
[
"frost",
"frost"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sương",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-霜-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "qīshí wǎ shàng shuāng, bāshí bù xīqí",
"word": "七十瓦上霜，八十不稀奇"
},
{
"word": "傲雪凌霜"
},
{
"word": "傲雪欺霜"
},
{
"word": "傲霜"
},
{
"word": "傲霜枝"
},
{
"word": "傲霜鬥雪"
},
{
"word": "傲霜斗雪"
},
{
"word": "兩鬢飛霜"
},
{
"word": "两鬓飞霜"
},
{
"roman": "liùyuèfēishuāng",
"word": "六月飛霜"
},
{
"roman": "liùyuèfēishuāng",
"word": "六月飞霜"
},
{
"word": "冒霜撥露"
},
{
"word": "冒霜拨露"
},
{
"roman": "bīngshuāng",
"word": "冰霜"
},
{
"word": "冷若冰霜"
},
{
"word": "冷霜霜"
},
{
"word": "冽霜"
},
{
"roman": "níngshuāng",
"word": "凝霜"
},
{
"word": "初霜"
},
{
"word": "含霜"
},
{
"word": "嚴霜"
},
{
"word": "严霜"
},
{
"word": "字挾風霜"
},
{
"word": "字挟风霜"
},
{
"word": "孤霜"
},
{
"word": "寒霜"
},
{
"word": "履霜"
},
{
"word": "履霜之戒"
},
{
"word": "履霜堅冰"
},
{
"word": "履霜坚冰"
},
{
"word": "履霜知冰"
},
{
"word": "披霜冒露"
},
{
"word": "早霜"
},
{
"roman": "xīngshuāng",
"word": "星霜"
},
{
"word": "春露秋霜"
},
{
"word": "晚霜"
},
{
"word": "柿霜"
},
{
"word": "欺霜傲雪"
},
{
"word": "滿面雪霜"
},
{
"word": "满面雪霜"
},
{
"word": "潘鬢成霜"
},
{
"word": "潘鬓成霜"
},
{
"roman": "wúshuāngqī",
"word": "無霜期"
},
{
"roman": "wúshuāngqī",
"word": "无霜期"
},
{
"roman": "kūn yù qiū shuāng",
"word": "琨玉秋霜"
},
{
"word": "百草霜"
},
{
"word": "眠霜臥雪"
},
{
"word": "眠霜卧雪"
},
{
"roman": "pīshuāng",
"word": "砒霜"
},
{
"word": "秋霜"
},
{
"roman": "tángshuāng",
"word": "糖霜"
},
{
"word": "終霜"
},
{
"word": "终霜"
},
{
"word": "羊霜腸"
},
{
"word": "羊霜肠"
},
{
"word": "臥月眠霜"
},
{
"word": "卧月眠霜"
},
{
"word": "臥雪眠霜"
},
{
"word": "卧雪眠霜"
},
{
"word": "范履霜"
},
{
"word": "草上霜"
},
{
"word": "茯苓霜"
},
{
"word": "葛屨履霜"
},
{
"word": "葛屦履霜"
},
{
"word": "蔗霜"
},
{
"roman": "mìjiànpīshuāng",
"word": "蜜餞砒霜"
},
{
"roman": "mìjiànpīshuāng",
"word": "蜜饯砒霜"
},
{
"word": "蟲霜水旱"
},
{
"word": "虫霜水旱"
},
{
"roman": "Guìshuāng",
"word": "貴霜"
},
{
"roman": "Guìshuāng",
"word": "贵霜"
},
{
"word": "貴霜王朝"
},
{
"word": "贵霜王朝"
},
{
"roman": "jīnjīnàshuāng",
"word": "金雞納霜"
},
{
"roman": "jīnjīnàshuāng",
"word": "金鸡纳霜"
},
{
"roman": "pūshuāngyǒngxuě",
"word": "鋪霜湧雪"
},
{
"roman": "pūshuāngyǒngxuě",
"word": "铺霜涌雪"
},
{
"roman": "fángshàishuāng",
"word": "防曬霜"
},
{
"roman": "fángshàishuāng",
"word": "防晒霜"
},
{
"word": "防霜林"
},
{
"word": "降霜"
},
{
"roman": "chúshuāng",
"word": "除霜"
},
{
"roman": "xuěshàngjiāshuāng",
"word": "雪上加霜"
},
{
"word": "霏霜"
},
{
"word": "霜兒"
},
{
"word": "霜儿"
},
{
"roman": "shuāngdòng",
"word": "霜凍"
},
{
"roman": "shuāngdòng",
"word": "霜冻"
},
{
"roman": "shuāngtiān",
"word": "霜天"
},
{
"word": "霜威"
},
{
"roman": "shuānghài",
"word": "霜害"
},
{
"roman": "Shuāngyuè",
"word": "霜月"
},
{
"word": "霜毫"
},
{
"roman": "shuāngqílín",
"word": "霜淇淋"
},
{
"word": "霜禽"
},
{
"word": "霜舂雨薪"
},
{
"word": "霜蹄"
},
{
"word": "霜鋒"
},
{
"word": "霜锋"
},
{
"roman": "Shuāngjiàng",
"word": "霜降"
},
{
"word": "霜隕"
},
{
"word": "霜陨"
},
{
"roman": "shuāngxuě",
"word": "霜雪"
},
{
"word": "霜露之思"
},
{
"word": "霜鬢"
},
{
"word": "霜鬓"
},
{
"roman": "miànshuāng",
"word": "面霜"
},
{
"word": "風刀霜劍"
},
{
"word": "风刀霜剑"
},
{
"roman": "fēngshuāng",
"word": "風霜"
},
{
"roman": "fēngshuāng",
"word": "风霜"
},
{
"word": "飛霜"
},
{
"word": "飞霜"
},
{
"word": "飽經霜雪"
},
{
"word": "饱经霜雪"
},
{
"roman": "bǎojīngfēngshuāng",
"word": "飽經風霜"
},
{
"roman": "bǎojīngfēngshuāng",
"word": "饱经风霜"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuāng",
"word": "鹽霜"
},
{
"roman": "yánshuāng",
"word": "盐霜"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "霜"
},
"expansion": "霜",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "霜",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "霜",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sương",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "霜"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: sương (霜)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "霜",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "sương",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "霜",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "霜",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "霜",
"v": "霜",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (霜):\n* → Vietnamese: sương (霜)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "sương"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (霜):\n* → Vietnamese: sương (霜)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (霜):\n* → Vietnamese: sương (霜)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "涼",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "涼 (OC *ɡ·raŋ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 涼 (OC *ɡ·raŋ) with an s- (nominalizer) prefix (Schuessler, 2007).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "霜",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"frost"
],
"links": [
[
"frost",
"frost"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"frost-like powder"
],
"links": [
[
"powder",
"powder"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"zh:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "防曬霜／防晒霜 ― fángshàishuāng ― sunscreen",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cream"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"cream",
"cream"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) cream"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"white"
],
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) white"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Southern Min Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"ice"
],
"links": [
[
"ice",
"ice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Min) ice"
],
"tags": [
"Min",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shuāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄕㄨㄤ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "suang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "soeng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "suon¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "só̤ng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "sŏng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "sng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "song"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "seng¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹saon"
},
{
"zh-pron": "xyan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shuāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄕㄨㄤ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "shwāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shuang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "шуан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "šuan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "suong"
},
{
"ipa": "/suaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "soeng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sēung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "soeng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sêng¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sœːŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "song´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "song¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "suon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/suɒ̃¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "só̤ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "sŏng"
},
{
"ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "sngf"
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Singapore",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "song"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "sofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sṳng"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹saon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "saon^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹saan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/sɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "xyan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕy̯æn³³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "srjang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[s]raŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*sraŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/suaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sœːŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/suɒ̃¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕy̯æn³³/"
},
{
"other": "[s]"
},
{
"other": "/*sraŋ/"
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading しょう",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading しやう",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading さう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading そう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading しも",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 霜",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sōgai",
"ruby": [
[
"霜害",
"そうがい"
]
],
"word": "霜害"
},
{
"roman": "sōgetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"霜月",
"そうげつ"
]
],
"word": "霜月"
},
{
"roman": "sōbin",
"ruby": [
[
"霜鬢",
"そうびん"
]
],
"word": "霜鬢"
},
{
"roman": "kōsō",
"ruby": [
[
"降霜",
"こうそう"
]
],
"word": "降霜"
},
{
"roman": "shūsō",
"ruby": [
[
"秋霜",
"しゅうそう"
]
],
"word": "秋霜"
},
{
"roman": "shunsō",
"ruby": [
[
"春霜",
"しゅんそう"
]
],
"word": "春霜"
},
{
"roman": "josō",
"ruby": [
[
"除霜",
"じょそう"
]
],
"word": "除霜"
},
{
"roman": "seisō",
"ruby": [
[
"星霜",
"せいそう"
]
],
"word": "星霜"
},
{
"roman": "sōrin",
"ruby": [
[
"霜林",
"そうりん"
]
],
"word": "霜林"
},
{
"roman": "hyōsō",
"ruby": [
[
"氷霜",
"ひょうそう"
]
],
"word": "氷霜"
},
{
"roman": "fūsō",
"ruby": [
[
"風霜",
"ふうそう"
]
],
"word": "風霜"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"frost"
],
"links": [
[
"frost",
"frost"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"years"
],
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"white as snow, cold as ice, harsh as snow"
],
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
],
[
"as snow",
"white as snow"
],
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"as ice",
"cold as ice"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 霜",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "霜曇"
},
{
"roman": "shimogumori",
"word": "霜曇り"
},
{
"roman": "shimotsuki",
"ruby": [
[
"霜月",
"しもつき"
]
],
"word": "霜月"
},
{
"roman": "shimobashira",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
],
[
"柱",
"ばしら"
]
],
"word": "霜柱"
},
{
"roman": "akishimo",
"ruby": [
[
"秋霜",
"あきしも"
]
],
"word": "秋霜"
},
{
"roman": "ōshimo",
"ruby": [
[
"大霜",
"おおしも"
]
],
"word": "大霜"
},
{
"roman": "osojimo",
"ruby": [
[
"晩霜",
"おそじも"
]
],
"word": "晩霜"
},
{
"roman": "tsuyujimo",
"ruby": [
[
"露霜",
"つゆじも"
]
],
"word": "露霜"
},
{
"roman": "hatsushimo",
"ruby": [
[
"初霜",
"はつしも"
]
],
"word": "初霜"
},
{
"roman": "yūshimo",
"ruby": [
[
"夕霜",
"ゆうしも"
]
],
"word": "夕霜"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"lang": "ja"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Frost"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しも"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *simo",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom, lower part",
"tr": "⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo"
},
"expansion": "下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "⟨simo₁⟩ → /simo/ → /ɕimo/\nFrom Old Japanese, first attested in the Harima Fudoki of 715 CE, in turn from Proto-Japonic *simo.\nThought to be cognate with or derived from 下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "霜",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shimo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しも"
},
"expansion": "霜(しも) • (shimo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"proverbs": [
{
"roman": "shimo o funde kenpyō itaru",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
],
[
"履",
"ふ"
],
[
"堅氷",
"けんぴょう"
],
[
"至",
"いた"
]
],
"word": "霜を履んで堅氷至る"
}
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "shimo o oku",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
],
[
"置",
"お"
]
],
"word": "霜を置く"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"frost (ice crystals in objects exposed to the air)"
],
"links": [
[
"frost",
"frost"
],
[
"ice",
"ice#English"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal#English"
],
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"expose",
"expose#English"
],
[
"air",
"air#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "フロスト"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ice adhered inside an electric refrigerator"
],
"links": [
[
"ice",
"ice"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"electric",
"electric"
],
[
"refrigerator",
"refrigerator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) ice adhered inside an electric refrigerator"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"white hair"
],
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) white hair"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しも"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕimo̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Fudoki#Manuscripts"
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 霜",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"lang": "ja"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Frost"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨simo₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨simo₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom, lower part",
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},
"expansion": "下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "⟨simo₁⟩ → /simo/ → /ɕimo/\nFrom Old Japanese, first attested in the Harima Fudoki of 715 CE, in turn from Proto-Japonic *simo.\nThought to be cognate with or derived from 下 (⟨simo₁⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "霜",
"ruby": [
[
"霜",
"しも"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Shimo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "しも"
},
"expansion": "霜(しも) • (Shimo)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese surnames",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しも"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕimo̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Fudoki#Manuscripts"
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"alt": "霜害",
"roman": "sanghae",
"word": "상해"
},
{
"alt": "霜降",
"roman": "sanggang",
"word": "상강"
},
{
"alt": "霜雪",
"roman": "sangseol",
"word": "상설"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "霜",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "霜 (MC srjang)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "사ᇰ"
},
"expansion": "사ᇰ (sang)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:훈몽자회/天文#상02B",
"3": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "사ᇰ",
"2": "sang",
"3": "天文#상02B"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 사ᇰ (sang) (Yale: sang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"name": "hanja-hunmong"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 霜 (MC srjang). Recorded as Middle Korean 사ᇰ (sang) (Yale: sang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "서리 상",
"roman": "seori sang",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "서리",
"2": "상"
},
"expansion": "霜 (eumhun 서리 상 (seori sang))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "frost",
"word": "상"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Middle Korean Han characters"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 상 (“frost”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"상",
"상#Korean"
],
[
"frost",
"frost"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"霜 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 一月木月山 (MBDBU), four-corner 1096₃, composition ⿱雨相)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"雨",
"雨#Translingual"
],
[
"相",
"相#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sương",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "霜"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": "started on line 90, detected on line 104"
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
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{
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
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"title": "霜",
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{
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
"霜"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"霜"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "霜",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.