See 改良 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 改良 meaning in All languages combined (11.7kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "改良",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "品種改良"
},
{
"word": "品种改良"
},
{
"roman": "yíchuán gǎiliáng",
"word": "遺傳改良"
},
{
"roman": "yíchuán gǎiliáng",
"word": "遗传改良"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to improve; to refine; to upgrade; to reform"
],
"id": "en-改良-zh-verb-EzSNnUpe",
"links": [
[
"improve",
"improve"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
],
[
"upgrade",
"upgrade"
],
[
"reform",
"reform"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiànquán",
"word": "健全"
},
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "出息"
},
{
"roman": "qiánjìn",
"word": "前進"
},
{
"roman": "qiánjìn",
"word": "前进"
},
{
"roman": "wánshàn",
"word": "完善"
},
{
"roman": "tíshēng",
"word": "提升"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "提懸"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "提悬"
},
{
"roman": "tígāo",
"word": "提高"
},
{
"roman": "gǎishàn",
"word": "改善"
},
{
"roman": "gǎijìn",
"word": "改進"
},
{
"roman": "gǎijìn",
"word": "改进"
},
{
"roman": "yuèjìn",
"word": "躍進"
},
{
"roman": "yuèjìn",
"word": "跃进"
},
{
"roman": "jìnzhǎn",
"word": "進展"
},
{
"roman": "jìnzhǎn",
"word": "进展"
},
{
"roman": "jìnbù",
"word": "進步"
},
{
"roman": "jìnbù",
"word": "进步"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎiliáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄞˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² loeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² liang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎiliáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎiliáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kai³-liang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎi-lyáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaeliang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гайлян"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gajljan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gói lèuhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² loeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² lêng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːi̯³⁵ lœːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kaylioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kayliaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kói liâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ liaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːi̯³⁵ lœːŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ liaŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "deterioration",
"roman": "kaiaku",
"ruby": [
[
"改悪",
"かいあく"
]
],
"word": "改悪"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "改良",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かいりょう"
},
"expansion": "改(かい)良(りょう) • (kairyō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"amelioration, improvement, betterment"
],
"id": "en-改良-ja-noun-YVhaqTYS",
"links": [
[
"amelioration",
"amelioration"
],
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
],
[
"betterment",
"betterment"
]
],
"related": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"of becoming better"
],
"roman": "kōten",
"ruby": [
[
"好転",
"こうてん"
]
],
"topics": [
"state"
],
"word": "好転"
}
]
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "改良する",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "改良し",
"roman": "kairyō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "改良した",
"roman": "kairyō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "改良し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改良する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改良すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改良せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "改良しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "改良させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "改良しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "改良しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "改良した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "改良して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "改良すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "improve agricultural land",
"roman": "nōchi o kairyō suru",
"ruby": [
[
"農地",
"のうち"
],
[
"改良",
"かいりょう"
]
],
"text": "農地を改良する"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ameliorate, improve, better, upgrade"
],
"id": "en-改良-ja-verb-urKFQ~Ep",
"links": [
[
"ameliorate",
"ameliorate"
],
[
"improve",
"improve"
],
[
"better",
"better"
],
[
"upgrade",
"upgrade"
]
]
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaeryang",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "개량",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "개량"
},
"expansion": "改良 • (gaeryang) (hangeul 개량)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "improvement",
"word": "개량"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 개량 (“improvement”)."
],
"id": "en-改良-ko-noun-x1AkB33p",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"개량",
"개량#Korean"
],
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "品種改良"
},
{
"word": "品种改良"
},
{
"roman": "yíchuán gǎiliáng",
"word": "遺傳改良"
},
{
"roman": "yíchuán gǎiliáng",
"word": "遗传改良"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "改良",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese terms with audio links",
"Cantonese verbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien verbs",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin terms with audio links",
"Mandarin verbs",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to improve; to refine; to upgrade; to reform"
],
"links": [
[
"improve",
"improve"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
],
[
"upgrade",
"upgrade"
],
[
"reform",
"reform"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎiliáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄞˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² loeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² liang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎiliáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎiliáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kai³-liang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gǎi-lyáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaeliang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гайлян"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gajljan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gói lèuhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² loeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "goi² lêng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːi̯³⁵ lœːŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kaylioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kái-liâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kayliaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kói liâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ liaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːi̯³⁵ lœːŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liaŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ liaŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiànquán",
"word": "健全"
},
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "出息"
},
{
"roman": "qiánjìn",
"word": "前進"
},
{
"roman": "qiánjìn",
"word": "前进"
},
{
"roman": "wánshàn",
"word": "完善"
},
{
"roman": "tíshēng",
"word": "提升"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "提懸"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "提悬"
},
{
"roman": "tígāo",
"word": "提高"
},
{
"roman": "gǎishàn",
"word": "改善"
},
{
"roman": "gǎijìn",
"word": "改進"
},
{
"roman": "gǎijìn",
"word": "改进"
},
{
"roman": "yuèjìn",
"word": "躍進"
},
{
"roman": "yuèjìn",
"word": "跃进"
},
{
"roman": "jìnzhǎn",
"word": "進展"
},
{
"roman": "jìnzhǎn",
"word": "进展"
},
{
"roman": "jìnbù",
"word": "進步"
},
{
"roman": "jìnbù",
"word": "进步"
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "deterioration",
"roman": "kaiaku",
"ruby": [
[
"改悪",
"かいあく"
]
],
"word": "改悪"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "改良",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かいりょう"
},
"expansion": "改(かい)良(りょう) • (kairyō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"of becoming better"
],
"roman": "kōten",
"ruby": [
[
"好転",
"こうてん"
]
],
"topics": [
"state"
],
"word": "好転"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"amelioration, improvement, betterment"
],
"links": [
[
"amelioration",
"amelioration"
],
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
],
[
"betterment",
"betterment"
]
]
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "改良する",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "改良し",
"roman": "kairyō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "改良した",
"roman": "kairyō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"良",
"りょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "改良し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改良する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改良すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改良せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "改良しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "改良させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "改良しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "改良しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改良します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "改良した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "改良して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "改良すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かいりょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kairyō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "improve agricultural land",
"roman": "nōchi o kairyō suru",
"ruby": [
[
"農地",
"のうち"
],
[
"改良",
"かいりょう"
]
],
"text": "農地を改良する"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ameliorate, improve, better, upgrade"
],
"links": [
[
"ameliorate",
"ameliorate"
],
[
"improve",
"improve"
],
[
"better",
"better"
],
[
"upgrade",
"upgrade"
]
]
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaeryang",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "개량",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "개량"
},
"expansion": "改良 • (gaeryang) (hangeul 개량)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "improvement",
"word": "개량"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 개량 (“improvement”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"개량",
"개량#Korean"
],
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "改良"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"改良"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改良",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.