See คุณ on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "คุโณ",
"roman": "guṇo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณา",
"roman": "guṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณํ",
"roman": "guṇaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณ",
"roman": "guṇe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณน",
"roman": "guṇena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณหิ",
"roman": "guṇehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณภิ",
"roman": "guṇebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺส",
"roman": "guṇassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณาย",
"roman": "guṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณตฺถํ",
"roman": "guṇatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณานํ",
"roman": "guṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺมา",
"roman": "guṇasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณมฺหา",
"roman": "guṇamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณา",
"roman": "guṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณหิ",
"roman": "guṇehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณภิ",
"roman": "guṇebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺส",
"roman": "guṇassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณานํ",
"roman": "guṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺมิํ",
"roman": "guṇasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณมฺหิ",
"roman": "guṇamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณ",
"roman": "guṇe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณสุ",
"roman": "guṇesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณ",
"roman": "guṇa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณา",
"roman": "guṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "คุณ m",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "string",
"word": "guṇa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thai script form of guṇa (“string”)"
],
"id": "en-คุณ-pi-noun-AK0VcwyN",
"links": [
[
"guṇa",
"guṇa#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character",
"form-of",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "quality",
"word": "guṇa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thai script form of guṇa (“quality”)"
],
"id": "en-คุณ-pi-noun-fSKMmXqQ",
"links": [
[
"guṇa",
"guṇa#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character",
"form-of",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "guṇa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ग"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ु"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ण"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "গ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ু"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ণ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ග"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ු"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ණ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ဂုဏ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ၷ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ု"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ꧣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "คุณะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᩩ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨱ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ຄຸຓ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "ຄຸຓະ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "គ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ុ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ណ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄕"
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "guṇá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "guṇá"
},
"expansion": "คุณ • (guṇá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 29 4 3 8 1 1 3 24 19 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 25 3 2 6 1 1 2 29 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "merit",
"word": "गुण"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thai script form of गुण (“merit”)"
],
"id": "en-คุณ-sa-noun-4AN1MXoF",
"links": [
[
"गुण",
"गुण#Sanskrit"
]
],
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kɔ̀ɔp-kun",
"word": "ขอบคุณ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-kâa",
"word": "คุณค่า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณงามความดี"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณชาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-ná-tam",
"word": "คุณธรรม"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณนาม"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-naai",
"word": "คุณนาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณบท"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณประโยชน์"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-prá",
"word": "คุณพระ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณพระคุณเจ้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณพระช่วย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณพิเศษ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-ná-pâap",
"word": "คุณภาพ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณลักษณะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณวิเศษ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณวุฒิ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-ná-sàp",
"word": "คุณศัพท์"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-ná-sǒm-bàt",
"word": "คุณสมบัติ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณไสย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kun-yǐng",
"word": "คุณหญิง"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณหนู"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณหลวง"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณากร"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุณูปการ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "คุโณปการ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "บุญคุณ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "guṇa",
"gloss": "cord; fibre; quality"
},
"expansion": "Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"gloss": "quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "okz",
"3": "គុណ",
"gloss": "attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue",
"tr": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ຄຸນ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ຄຸນ (khun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "គុណ"
},
"expansion": "Khmer គុណ (kun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese guṇa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”) or from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”); probably via Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”). Cognate with Lao ຄຸນ (khun); Khmer គុណ (kun); Old Javanese guṇa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kun",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "คุณ • (kun)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"attribute; characteristic; property."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-dHUdPc8u",
"links": [
[
"attribute",
"attribute"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"benefit; interest; use."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-CMTS7QLG",
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
],
[
"interest",
"interest"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 21 1 1 2 25 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 83 0 0 0 17 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Female",
"orig": "th:Female",
"parents": [
"Gender",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 74 1 0 2 10 5 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Occult",
"orig": "th:Occult",
"parents": [
"Forteana",
"Supernatural",
"Pseudoscience",
"Folklore",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"magic; black magic; black art; occult; supernatural power."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-7V9MkCBD",
"links": [
[
"magic",
"magic"
],
[
"black magic",
"black magic"
],
[
"black art",
"black art"
],
[
"occult",
"occult"
],
[
"supernatural",
"supernatural"
],
[
"power",
"power"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"excellence; goodness."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-roP-sngz",
"links": [
[
"excellence",
"excellence"
],
[
"goodness",
"goodness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"morality; virtue."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-lDPhx471",
"links": [
[
"morality",
"morality"
],
[
"virtue",
"virtue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"favour; kindness."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-eh3NxUbT",
"links": [
[
"พระ",
"พระ#Thai"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
],
[
"kindness",
"kindness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(พระ~) favour; kindness."
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 29 4 3 8 1 1 3 24 19 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 25 3 2 6 1 1 2 29 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 16 1 1 2 33 24 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 8 2 2 1 30 18 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 7 1 3 1 33 17 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 21 1 1 2 25 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a noble title given to an unmarried woman who has been conferred with the royal decoration of Chula Chom Klao (second class to fourth class)."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-ns9PzX7w",
"links": [
[
"Chula Chom Klao",
"w:Order of Chula Chom Klao"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 29 4 3 8 1 1 3 24 19 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 25 3 2 6 1 1 2 29 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 8 2 2 1 30 18 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 7 1 3 1 33 17 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 8 1 2 2 27 41 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 21 1 1 2 25 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used as a title for or term of address to anyone out of respect."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-noun-Inw~whjk",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, polite) used as a title for or term of address to anyone out of respect."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"polite"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[bound form]"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧.na˦˥./",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "K'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "K.",
"word": "K."
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùn",
"word": "ขุ่น"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kuum",
"word": "คูม"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jùn",
"word": "จุ่น"
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "guṇa",
"gloss": "cord; fibre; quality"
},
"expansion": "Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"gloss": "quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "okz",
"3": "គុណ",
"gloss": "attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue",
"tr": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ຄຸນ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ຄຸນ (khun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "គុណ"
},
"expansion": "Khmer គុណ (kun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese guṇa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”) or from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”); probably via Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”). Cognate with Lao ຄຸນ (khun); Khmer គុណ (kun); Old Javanese guṇa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kun",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "คุณ • (kun)",
"name": "th-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 8 2 2 1 30 18 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 7 1 3 1 33 17 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 1 1 1 9 3 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai second person pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 21 1 1 2 25 24 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 2 0 1 0 4 2 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai third person pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 11 3 1 1 31 6 44",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "th:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 5 1 1 1 28 13 49",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "th:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a second or third person pronoun, used out of respect."
],
"id": "en-คุณ-th-pron-I0eRSNel",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, polite) a second or third person pronoun, used out of respect."
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "pǒm",
"word": "ผม"
},
{
"roman": "rao",
"word": "เรา"
},
{
"roman": "dì-chǎn",
"word": "ดิฉัน"
},
{
"roman": "chǎn",
"word": "ฉัน"
},
{
"roman": "kǎo",
"word": "เขา"
},
{
"english": "man",
"word": "มัน"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"polite"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[bound form]"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧.na˦˥./",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "K'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "K.",
"word": "K."
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kùn",
"word": "ขุ่น"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kuum",
"word": "คูม"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jùn",
"word": "จุ่น"
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali masculine nouns",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Thai script",
"th:Female",
"th:Nobility",
"th:Occult",
"th:Titles"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "คุโณ",
"roman": "guṇo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณา",
"roman": "guṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณํ",
"roman": "guṇaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณ",
"roman": "guṇe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณน",
"roman": "guṇena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณหิ",
"roman": "guṇehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณภิ",
"roman": "guṇebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺส",
"roman": "guṇassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณาย",
"roman": "guṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณตฺถํ",
"roman": "guṇatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณานํ",
"roman": "guṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺมา",
"roman": "guṇasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณมฺหา",
"roman": "guṇamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณา",
"roman": "guṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณหิ",
"roman": "guṇehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณภิ",
"roman": "guṇebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺส",
"roman": "guṇassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณานํ",
"roman": "guṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณสฺมิํ",
"roman": "guṇasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณมฺหิ",
"roman": "guṇamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณ",
"roman": "guṇe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "คุเณสุ",
"roman": "guṇesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณ",
"roman": "guṇa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "คุณา",
"roman": "guṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "คุณ m",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai script"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "string",
"word": "guṇa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thai script form of guṇa (“string”)"
],
"links": [
[
"guṇa",
"guṇa#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character",
"form-of",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai script"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "quality",
"word": "guṇa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thai script form of guṇa (“quality”)"
],
"links": [
[
"guṇa",
"guṇa#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character",
"form-of",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "guṇa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀕"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀡"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ग"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ु"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "ण"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "গ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ু"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "ণ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ග"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ු"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "ණ"
},
{
"word": "ဂုဏ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ၷ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ု"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ꧣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "คุณะ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᩩ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᨱ"
},
{
"word": "ຄຸຓ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "ຄຸຓະ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "គ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ុ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "ណ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄉"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄕"
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"th:Female",
"th:Nobility",
"th:Occult",
"th:Titles"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "guṇá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "guṇá"
},
"expansion": "คุณ • (guṇá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Thai script",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Thai script"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "merit",
"word": "गुण"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thai script form of गुण (“merit”)"
],
"links": [
[
"गुण",
"गुण#Sanskrit"
]
],
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/un",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai personal pronouns",
"Thai prefixes",
"Thai pronouns",
"Thai second person pronouns",
"Thai terms borrowed from Pali",
"Thai terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Thai terms derived from Old Khmer",
"Thai terms derived from Pali",
"Thai terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Thai terms of address",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with audio pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"Thai third person pronouns",
"th:Female",
"th:Nobility",
"th:Occult",
"th:Titles"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kɔ̀ɔp-kun",
"word": "ขอบคุณ"
},
{
"roman": "kun-kâa",
"word": "คุณค่า"
},
{
"word": "คุณงามความดี"
},
{
"word": "คุณชาย"
},
{
"roman": "kun-ná-tam",
"word": "คุณธรรม"
},
{
"word": "คุณนาม"
},
{
"roman": "kun-naai",
"word": "คุณนาย"
},
{
"word": "คุณบท"
},
{
"word": "คุณประโยชน์"
},
{
"roman": "kun-prá",
"word": "คุณพระ"
},
{
"word": "คุณพระคุณเจ้า"
},
{
"word": "คุณพระช่วย"
},
{
"word": "คุณพิเศษ"
},
{
"roman": "kun-ná-pâap",
"word": "คุณภาพ"
},
{
"word": "คุณลักษณะ"
},
{
"word": "คุณวิเศษ"
},
{
"word": "คุณวุฒิ"
},
{
"roman": "kun-ná-sàp",
"word": "คุณศัพท์"
},
{
"roman": "kun-ná-sǒm-bàt",
"word": "คุณสมบัติ"
},
{
"word": "คุณไสย"
},
{
"roman": "kun-yǐng",
"word": "คุณหญิง"
},
{
"word": "คุณหนู"
},
{
"word": "คุณหลวง"
},
{
"word": "คุณากร"
},
{
"word": "คุณูปการ"
},
{
"word": "คุโณปการ"
},
{
"word": "บุญคุณ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "guṇa",
"gloss": "cord; fibre; quality"
},
"expansion": "Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"gloss": "quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "okz",
"3": "គុណ",
"gloss": "attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue",
"tr": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ຄຸນ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ຄຸນ (khun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "គុណ"
},
"expansion": "Khmer គុណ (kun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese guṇa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”) or from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”); probably via Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”). Cognate with Lao ຄຸນ (khun); Khmer គុណ (kun); Old Javanese guṇa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kun",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "คุณ • (kun)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"attribute; characteristic; property."
],
"links": [
[
"attribute",
"attribute"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"benefit; interest; use."
],
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
],
[
"interest",
"interest"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"magic; black magic; black art; occult; supernatural power."
],
"links": [
[
"magic",
"magic"
],
[
"black magic",
"black magic"
],
[
"black art",
"black art"
],
[
"occult",
"occult"
],
[
"supernatural",
"supernatural"
],
[
"power",
"power"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"excellence; goodness."
],
"links": [
[
"excellence",
"excellence"
],
[
"goodness",
"goodness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"morality; virtue."
],
"links": [
[
"morality",
"morality"
],
[
"virtue",
"virtue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"favour; kindness."
],
"links": [
[
"พระ",
"พระ#Thai"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
],
[
"kindness",
"kindness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(พระ~) favour; kindness."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a noble title given to an unmarried woman who has been conferred with the royal decoration of Chula Chom Klao (second class to fourth class)."
],
"links": [
[
"Chula Chom Klao",
"w:Order of Chula Chom Klao"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai colloquialisms",
"Thai polite terms"
],
"glosses": [
"used as a title for or term of address to anyone out of respect."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, polite) used as a title for or term of address to anyone out of respect."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"polite"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[bound form]"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧.na˦˥./",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "K'"
},
{
"english": "K.",
"word": "K."
},
{
"roman": "kùn",
"word": "ขุ่น"
},
{
"roman": "kuum",
"word": "คูม"
},
{
"roman": "jùn",
"word": "จุ่น"
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/un",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai 2-syllable words",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai personal pronouns",
"Thai prefixes",
"Thai pronouns",
"Thai second person pronouns",
"Thai terms borrowed from Pali",
"Thai terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Thai terms derived from Old Khmer",
"Thai terms derived from Pali",
"Thai terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Thai terms of address",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with audio pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"Thai third person pronouns",
"th:Female",
"th:Nobility",
"th:Occult",
"th:Titles"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "pi",
"3": "guṇa",
"gloss": "cord; fibre; quality"
},
"expansion": "Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"gloss": "quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "okz",
"3": "គុណ",
"gloss": "attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue",
"tr": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ຄຸນ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ຄຸນ (khun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "គុណ"
},
"expansion": "Khmer គុណ (kun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "guṇa"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese guṇa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pali guṇa (“cord; fibre; quality”) or from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “quality, feature, attribute; merit, virtue; etc”); probably via Old Khmer គុណ (guṇa, “attribute; excellence; interest; merit; property; quality; supernatural power; virtue”). Cognate with Lao ຄຸນ (khun); Khmer គុណ (kun); Old Javanese guṇa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kun",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "คุณ • (kun)",
"name": "th-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"roman": "pǒm",
"word": "ผม"
},
{
"roman": "rao",
"word": "เรา"
},
{
"roman": "dì-chǎn",
"word": "ดิฉัน"
},
{
"roman": "chǎn",
"word": "ฉัน"
},
{
"roman": "kǎo",
"word": "เขา"
},
{
"english": "man",
"word": "มัน"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai colloquialisms",
"Thai polite terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a second or third person pronoun, used out of respect."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, polite) a second or third person pronoun, used out of respect."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"polite"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[bound form]"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun˧.na˦˥./",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "K'"
},
{
"english": "K.",
"word": "K."
},
{
"roman": "kùn",
"word": "ขุ่น"
},
{
"roman": "kuum",
"word": "คูม"
},
{
"roman": "jùn",
"word": "จุ่น"
}
],
"word": "คุณ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for คุณ meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
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"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Accusative (second)",
"path": [
"คุณ"
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"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Instrumental (third)",
"path": [
"คุณ"
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"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Dative (fourth)",
"path": [
"คุณ"
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"title": "คุณ",
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"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Ablative (fifth)",
"path": [
"คุณ"
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"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Genitive (sixth)",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Locative (seventh)",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Vocative (calling)",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <table> not properly closed",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </tr>",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </table>",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: พระ~",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: พระ~",
"path": [
"คุณ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "คุณ",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.