See świadczyć on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadczony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przyświaczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przyświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "świadczać"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "świadczyć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: świadczyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: świadczyć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "świadczyć",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: świadczyć, świŏdczyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: świadczyć, świŏdczyć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "świadek",
"3": "-yć"
},
"expansion": "świadek + -yć",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From świadek + -yć. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "świadczyć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadeczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadków"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadectwie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadectwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadeczne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadecznik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 31, 1:",
"text": "Czy nye mogą nykomv ku gego prawu pomocz, to gesth szwyathczycz (testimonium ferre)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868 [1448], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego, volume XI, page 328:",
"text": "Nobilis Miculecz, subiudex Sanocensis, testificavit al. swietschil, quia... sibi omnes citaciones... sunt cremate",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 715:",
"text": "Drudzy, kyedy vstaly szvyadczycz krzyve svyadecztvo, natychmyast począly movycz przeczyv byskupom",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1386], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 60:",
"text": "Jako wem y swathczim, eze Adam ne ucradl Falkowi dwu kopu rzi",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 40, 4:",
"text": "Bo woyth swey rzeczy sam szwyatczycz nye moze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 75, 1:",
"text": "Gdy czlowiek ma szwyathczycz bandz o glową (testificare debet pro homicidio), bandz o dlug",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 713:",
"text": "Dobrze movy svyąty Maczyey: Krzyvy svyadkovye, yze svyadczyly przeczyv pravdzye",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 58:",
"text": "Na naszey lascze... osylnyk ma bycz, a tho acz o gey wolanyv... wyesznycze bądą swyaczycz (si... fuerint protestati)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 70, 3:",
"text": "Mayączy (pro nayączy) ludze nye mogą w zadney rzeczy szwyathczycz (in nulla causa testificare possunt)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 40, 3:",
"text": "Gdysz rzecz szamego czlowyeka gest, moze[li] on sząm szobye szwyathczicz (an sibi ipsi testificare debeat)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 35, 4:",
"text": "Stara rada yvsz nye mosze nayn szwyathczycz (super ipsum testificare)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 717:",
"text": "Cayphasch... rzekl do mylego Iesucrista: *Slyschychly, czo czy przeczyw tobye svyadscha (quae isti adversum te testificantur Mat 26, 62)?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to testify (to act as a witness)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-zcw0KIb0",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":o(acc/loc)<about what>/:na(acc)<on/about whom>/:w(loc)<with regards to what/in what case> + :przeciw(dat)<against whom/what> + dat<to whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ accusative or locative) ‘about what’ or na (+ accusative) ‘on/about whom’ or w (+ locative) ‘with regards to what/in what case’, along with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’, along with dative ‘to whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"accusative",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"what’",
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘on/about",
"whom’",
"w",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘with",
"regards",
"to",
"what/in",
"what",
"case’",
"along",
"with",
"przeciw",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘against",
"whom/what’",
"along",
"with",
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to testify (to act as a witness) [with o (+ accusative or locative) ‘about what’ or na (+ accusative) ‘on/about whom’ or w (+ locative) ‘with regards to what/in what case’, along with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’, along with dative ‘to whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 22 22 12 12 6 4 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 22 22 13 13 5 4 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 7 6 2 2 4 4 1 2 8 10 2 2 2 1 13 2 2 2 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 13 6 5 1 1 4 4 1 1 10 11 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 37, 4:",
"text": "Mozely myasto szwą *pyączączą szwą rzecz szwyathczycz (causam propriam testificare) a szwym swyadecztwem swą rzecz szyszkącz?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-qTvLVq3u",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"court",
"court"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 22 22 12 12 6 4 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 22 22 13 13 5 4 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 7 6 2 2 4 4 1 2 8 10 2 2 2 1 13 2 2 2 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 13 6 5 1 1 4 4 1 1 10 11 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [End of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, page XLI:",
"text": "Bocz lakozyrsstvo szwyatczy na myeszek swymy zadząmy (gula affectionibus probat)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact",
"to bring a case against someone"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-oLXnnECM",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"court",
"court"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
],
[
"bring",
"bring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact",
"(figuratively) to bring a case against someone"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"imperfective"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 22 22 12 12 6 4 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 22 22 13 13 5 4 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 48, 2:",
"text": "Gdi woyth albo prziszasznyczy szyedza ku prawu a sandu nye gayą..., ale tako przesz gayonego szandu przed nymy szye prawowano a ony tako szyedzely y szwyathczyly (iudicaverunt et testificaverunt)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a statement, to issue official decisions or certificates"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-CoFQCxi3",
"links": [
[
"make a statement",
"make a statement"
],
[
"issue",
"issue"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"decision",
"decision"
],
[
"certificate",
"certificate"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 22 22 12 12 6 4 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 22 22 13 13 5 4 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 49, 8:",
"text": "Swatczicz bødø tobe (testificabor tibi, var. contestabor te, confitebor tibi), bosze!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to testify, to confirm, to state that something happened"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-pkDiMcv4",
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to witness; to testify, to confirm, to state that something happened"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1908 [1473], Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume VIII, pages 2, 35:",
"text": "Yako ya Margorzathy... s domv yego nye odwyothl... anym lystow swyathczaczych, myenyacz ya bycz vmarla, nye przynyosl",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to prove (to show as true)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-JkvnWdqo",
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 23:",
"text": "Nye bødze mocz pospolstwo wstøpicz na gorø Synay, bo ti gesz szwyatczyl (testificatus es) a przykazal gesz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to command; to instruct; to exhort"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-ZN0AK-hQ",
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"instruct",
"instruct"
],
[
"exhort",
"exhort"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-~Mwf1bvk",
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 544:",
"text": "Smączyl szye yest duchem..., Iudaschovy myloszyerdnye szye zalvyącz y svyadczyl yest (turbatus est spiritu et protestatus est Jo 13, 21), chczącz y od yego zlego vmysla *odewzacz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"to admonish, to warn"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-zlw-opl-verb-2QxiDc1l",
"links": [
[
"admonish",
"admonish"
],
[
"warn",
"warn"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕfja(ː)tt͡ʃʲɨt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕfjatt͡ʃʲɨt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕfjɒtt͡ʃʲɨt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świaczczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świaczszyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świaczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadszyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świedczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świedszyć"
}
],
"word": "świadczyć"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przyświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przyświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyświadczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaświadczać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "świadek",
"3": "-yć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, świadek + -yć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "swiadczëc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian swiadczëc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "swjadczic"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian swjadczic",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć. By surface analysis, świadek + -yć. Compare Kashubian swiadczëc and Slovincian swjadczic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-yć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczymy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczysz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczycie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczy się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczono by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech świadczę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech świadczą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcząca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczony",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczona",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcząc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczenie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "świadczyć impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"świad‧czyć"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "świadcz",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-yć"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "świadczyć",
"2": "świadczę",
"3": "świadczy",
"4": "świadczą",
"5": "świadczy",
"6": "świadczy",
"7": "świadczy",
"8": "świadcz",
"ip": "świadczono",
"pp": "świadczon",
"pp2": "świadczeni",
"vn": "świadczenie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "oświadczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "oświadczyny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "świadectwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "... does the lack of a surgical mask show the students' demoralization?",
"ref": "2021 February 14, Katarzyna Wójcik, “Koronawirus: czy brak maseczki świadczy o demoralizacji uczniów?”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-20:",
"text": "... czy brak maseczki świadczy o demoralizacji uczniów?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Russians have been trying to cross this river since the 3rd of April, which proves the fact that it is well-defended and hard to overwhelm.",
"ref": "2022 May 16, “Gen. Skrzypczak: Rosyjska 1. Armia Pancerna nie jest w stanie walczyć”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-20:",
"text": "Rosjanie starają się przeprawić przez tę rzekę od 3 kwietnia, co świadczy o tym, że jest ona dobrze broniona i trudna do pokonania.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "\"The belief that the newest wave of sanctions will make Russia start to beg for mercy proves that the West has no idea how to act towards Russia,\" said Sergei Lavrov, the chief of Russia's diplomacy, in an interview for the Saudi station Al Arabiya.",
"ref": "2022 April 29, “Ławrow: Zachód musi zdyscyplinować polskich i ukraińskich kolegów”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-20:",
"text": "Wiara, że najnowsza fala sankcji sprawi, że Rosja zacznie błagać o łaskę, świadczy, że Zachód nie ma pojęcia, jak postępować z Rosją - powiedział w wywiadzie dla saudyjskiej stacji Al Arabiya Siergiej Ławrow, szef rosyjskiej dyplomacji.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Now only stones bear witness to the glory of the first lords,\nAnd Rome is still there, where you don't have Romans any more.",
"ref": "1774, “Oda Do Czasu”, in M. Gröl, editor, Zabawy przyjemne i pożyteczne z różnych Autorów zebrane, volume X, number II, page 242:",
"text": "Już tylko głazy świadczą sławę pierwszych panów,\nI Rzym jest jeszcze tam, gdzie już nie masz Rzymianów.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to prove with one's existence)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-iEDoiTAt",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<of what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘of what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘of",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"bear witness",
"bear witness"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to prove with one's existence) [with o (+ locative) ‘of what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to be indicative, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to cause someone to judge one a particular way)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-k8HDM7uI",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<of whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘of whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘of",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"bear witness",
"bear witness"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to be indicative, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to cause someone to judge one a particular way) [with o (+ locative) ‘of whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 7 14 17 4 4 5 4 22 6 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to evince (to be evidence for or against something) [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’] [with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-WaPJi7SZ",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":za(ins)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"za",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":przeciw(dat)<against whom/what>"
},
"expansion": "[with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"przeciw",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘against",
"whom/what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<about what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"evince",
"evince"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to evince (to be evidence for or against something) [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’] [with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’] [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "pl:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 13 6 5 1 1 4 4 1 1 10 11 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 14 17 4 4 5 4 22 6 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to testify (to give evidence in court as a witness) [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’] [with przed (+ instrumental) ‘in front of/before whom’] [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’]"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-lnrHHyfU",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<about what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":przed(ins)<in front of/before whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with przed (+ instrumental) ‘in front of/before whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"przed",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘in",
"front",
"of/before",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":za(ins)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"za",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":przeciw(dat)<against whom/what>"
},
"expansion": "[with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"przeciw",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘against",
"whom/what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary, law) to testify (to give evidence in court as a witness) [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’] [with przed (+ instrumental) ‘in front of/before whom’] [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’] [with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zeznawać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to provide, to render (to do something for someone's benefit)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-2~nhxeQX",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<for whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘for whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘for",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"render",
"render"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to provide, to render (to do something for someone's benefit) [with dative ‘for whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to provide, to render (to perform some services for a fee)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-xD4YGMDi",
"links": [
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"render",
"render"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, formal) to provide, to render (to perform some services for a fee)"
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to incur expenses for particular purposes"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-PTR3Y39l",
"links": [
[
"incur",
"incur"
],
[
"expense",
"expense"
],
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to incur expenses for particular purposes"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to help (to have the intended healing effect)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-XH116cpt",
"links": [
[
"help",
"help"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete, of medicine) to help (to have the intended healing effect)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of medicine"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 11 7 6 2 2 4 4 1 2 8 10 2 2 2 1 13 2 2 2 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 13 6 5 1 1 4 4 1 1 10 11 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 18 23 5 5 3 2 29 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 14 17 4 4 5 4 22 6 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative forms: świarczyć, świarszczyć"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know someone; to be friends with"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-TmXwV0gn",
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń) to know someone; to be friends with"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "znać"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Przemyśl Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bode, to betoken, to portend, to augur, to presage"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-Sn4RW5UG",
"links": [
[
"bode",
"bode"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"portend",
"portend"
],
[
"augur",
"augur"
],
[
"presage",
"presage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, impersonal, obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl) to bode, to betoken, to portend, to augur, to presage"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wróżyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"imperfective",
"impersonal",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to cite, to invoke"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-FNNem~58",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<something>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘something’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘something’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"cite",
"cite"
],
[
"invoke",
"invoke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, archaic) to cite, to invoke [with na (+ accusative) ‘something’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powoływać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kuyavian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: świarczyć się"
},
{
"english": "They are buddy-buddy with each other.",
"text": "Oni świadczą się z sobą.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to associate, to commune, to consort; to know"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-pl-verb-Tr4ymRAM",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"consort",
"consort"
],
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"qualifier": "obsolete or Kuyavia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete or Kuyavia) to associate, to commune, to consort; to know"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɨt͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕfjɒt.t͡ʂɨt͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/",
"note": "Kuyavia"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-att͡ʂɘt͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "świadczyć"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doświŏdczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poświŏdczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "prziświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prziświŏdczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyświŏdczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ôświadczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ôświŏdczać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "świadek",
"3": "-yć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, świadek + -yć",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć. By surface analysis, świadek + -yć.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "szl-conj-ai-Vb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczã",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczymy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczysz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczycie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōł żech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłach",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła żech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło żech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylimy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylichmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłymy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłychmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōł żeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła żeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło żeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyli żeście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyły żeście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłch świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłech świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōł żech świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłach świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "była żech świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłoch świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "było żech świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byli my świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bylichmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "były my świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byłychmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłeś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōł żeś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłaś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "była żeś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłoś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "było żeś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byliście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byli żeście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byłyście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "były żeście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōł świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "była świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "było świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "były my świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byłychmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "były świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bych świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bych świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "by my świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bychmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niych świadczã",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niych świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niych świadczōm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōncy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōncŏ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōnce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōncy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōnce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōny",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōnŏ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczynie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "świadczyć impf",
"name": "szl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"świad‧czyć"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "świadcz",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "szl-conj-ai-Vb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "świadczyć",
"10": "świadczy",
"11": "świadcz",
"2": "świadczã",
"3": "świadczysz",
"4": "świadczy",
"5": "świadczymy",
"6": "świadczycie",
"7": "świadczōm",
"8": "świadczō",
"9": "świadczy",
"ap": "świadcz",
"pp": "świadczōn",
"pp2": "świadczyni",
"vn": "świadczynie"
},
"name": "szl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "świadectwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "świadek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-szl-verb-Nz0pSOXK",
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"bear witness",
"bear witness"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian terms suffixed with -yć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to compliment (to express a favorable opinion of)"
],
"id": "en-świadczyć-szl-verb-hmsysL-Q",
"links": [
[
"compliment",
"compliment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to compliment (to express a favorable opinion of)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɪt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-att͡ʂɪt͡ɕ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "świŏdczyć"
}
],
"word": "świadczyć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "świadczony"
},
{
"word": "świadczenie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przyświaczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przyświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "świadczać"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "świadczyć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: świadczyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: świadczyć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "świadczyć",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: świadczyć, świŏdczyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: świadczyć, świŏdczyć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "świadek",
"3": "-yć"
},
"expansion": "świadek + -yć",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From świadek + -yć. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "świadczyć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "świadeczny"
},
{
"word": "świadków"
},
{
"word": "świadectwie"
},
{
"word": "świadectwo"
},
{
"word": "świadeczne"
},
{
"word": "świadecznik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"zlw-opl:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 31, 1:",
"text": "Czy nye mogą nykomv ku gego prawu pomocz, to gesth szwyathczycz (testimonium ferre)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868 [1448], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego, volume XI, page 328:",
"text": "Nobilis Miculecz, subiudex Sanocensis, testificavit al. swietschil, quia... sibi omnes citaciones... sunt cremate",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 715:",
"text": "Drudzy, kyedy vstaly szvyadczycz krzyve svyadecztvo, natychmyast począly movycz przeczyv byskupom",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1386], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 60:",
"text": "Jako wem y swathczim, eze Adam ne ucradl Falkowi dwu kopu rzi",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 40, 4:",
"text": "Bo woyth swey rzeczy sam szwyatczycz nye moze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 75, 1:",
"text": "Gdy czlowiek ma szwyathczycz bandz o glową (testificare debet pro homicidio), bandz o dlug",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 713:",
"text": "Dobrze movy svyąty Maczyey: Krzyvy svyadkovye, yze svyadczyly przeczyv pravdzye",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 58:",
"text": "Na naszey lascze... osylnyk ma bycz, a tho acz o gey wolanyv... wyesznycze bądą swyaczycz (si... fuerint protestati)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 70, 3:",
"text": "Mayączy (pro nayączy) ludze nye mogą w zadney rzeczy szwyathczycz (in nulla causa testificare possunt)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 40, 3:",
"text": "Gdysz rzecz szamego czlowyeka gest, moze[li] on sząm szobye szwyathczicz (an sibi ipsi testificare debeat)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 35, 4:",
"text": "Stara rada yvsz nye mosze nayn szwyathczycz (super ipsum testificare)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 717:",
"text": "Cayphasch... rzekl do mylego Iesucrista: *Slyschychly, czo czy przeczyw tobye svyadscha (quae isti adversum te testificantur Mat 26, 62)?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to testify (to act as a witness)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":o(acc/loc)<about what>/:na(acc)<on/about whom>/:w(loc)<with regards to what/in what case> + :przeciw(dat)<against whom/what> + dat<to whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ accusative or locative) ‘about what’ or na (+ accusative) ‘on/about whom’ or w (+ locative) ‘with regards to what/in what case’, along with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’, along with dative ‘to whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"accusative",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"what’",
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘on/about",
"whom’",
"w",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘with",
"regards",
"to",
"what/in",
"what",
"case’",
"along",
"with",
"przeciw",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘against",
"whom/what’",
"along",
"with",
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to testify (to act as a witness) [with o (+ accusative or locative) ‘about what’ or na (+ accusative) ‘on/about whom’ or w (+ locative) ‘with regards to what/in what case’, along with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’, along with dative ‘to whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"zlw-opl:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 37, 4:",
"text": "Mozely myasto szwą *pyączączą szwą rzecz szwyathczycz (causam propriam testificare) a szwym swyadecztwem swą rzecz szyszkącz?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"court",
"court"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"zlw-opl:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [End of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, page XLI:",
"text": "Bocz lakozyrsstvo szwyatczy na myeszek swymy zadząmy (gula affectionibus probat)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact",
"to bring a case against someone"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"court",
"court"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
],
[
"bring",
"bring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) to support a case in court with someone's testimony or some established fact",
"(figuratively) to bring a case against someone"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"imperfective"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 48, 2:",
"text": "Gdi woyth albo prziszasznyczy szyedza ku prawu a sandu nye gayą..., ale tako przesz gayonego szandu przed nymy szye prawowano a ony tako szyedzely y szwyathczyly (iudicaverunt et testificaverunt)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a statement, to issue official decisions or certificates"
],
"links": [
[
"make a statement",
"make a statement"
],
[
"issue",
"issue"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"decision",
"decision"
],
[
"certificate",
"certificate"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 49, 8:",
"text": "Swatczicz bødø tobe (testificabor tibi, var. contestabor te, confitebor tibi), bosze!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to testify, to confirm, to state that something happened"
],
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"happen",
"happen"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to witness; to testify, to confirm, to state that something happened"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1908 [1473], Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume VIII, pages 2, 35:",
"text": "Yako ya Margorzathy... s domv yego nye odwyothl... anym lystow swyathczaczych, myenyacz ya bycz vmarla, nye przynyosl",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to prove (to show as true)"
],
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 23:",
"text": "Nye bødze mocz pospolstwo wstøpicz na gorø Synay, bo ti gesz szwyatczyl (testificatus es) a przykazal gesz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to command; to instruct; to exhort"
],
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"instruct",
"instruct"
],
[
"exhort",
"exhort"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 544:",
"text": "Smączyl szye yest duchem..., Iudaschovy myloszyerdnye szye zalvyącz y svyadczyl yest (turbatus est spiritu et protestatus est Jo 13, 21), chczącz y od yego zlego vmysla *odewzacz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"to admonish, to warn"
],
"links": [
[
"admonish",
"admonish"
],
[
"warn",
"warn"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕfja(ː)tt͡ʃʲɨt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕfjatt͡ʃʲɨt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕfjɒtt͡ʃʲɨt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "świaczczyć"
},
{
"word": "świaczszyć"
},
{
"word": "świaczyć"
},
{
"word": "świadszyć"
},
{
"word": "świedczyć"
},
{
"word": "świedszyć"
}
],
"word": "świadczyć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms suffixed with -yć",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/att͡ʂɘt͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/att͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "świadczenie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przyświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przyświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyświadczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaświadczać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "świadek",
"3": "-yć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, świadek + -yć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "swiadczëc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian swiadczëc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "swjadczic"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian swjadczic",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć. By surface analysis, świadek + -yć. Compare Kashubian swiadczëc and Slovincian swjadczic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-yć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczymy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczysz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczycie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczy się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie świadczyć się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczył",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczono by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech świadczę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech świadczą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcząca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczony",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczona",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcząc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczenie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "świadczyć impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"świad‧czyć"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "świadcz",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-yć"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "świadczyć",
"2": "świadczę",
"3": "świadczy",
"4": "świadczą",
"5": "świadczy",
"6": "świadczy",
"7": "świadczy",
"8": "świadcz",
"ip": "świadczono",
"pp": "świadczon",
"pp2": "świadczeni",
"vn": "świadczenie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "oświadczenie"
},
{
"word": "oświadczyny"
},
{
"word": "świadectwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "... does the lack of a surgical mask show the students' demoralization?",
"ref": "2021 February 14, Katarzyna Wójcik, “Koronawirus: czy brak maseczki świadczy o demoralizacji uczniów?”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-20:",
"text": "... czy brak maseczki świadczy o demoralizacji uczniów?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Russians have been trying to cross this river since the 3rd of April, which proves the fact that it is well-defended and hard to overwhelm.",
"ref": "2022 May 16, “Gen. Skrzypczak: Rosyjska 1. Armia Pancerna nie jest w stanie walczyć”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-20:",
"text": "Rosjanie starają się przeprawić przez tę rzekę od 3 kwietnia, co świadczy o tym, że jest ona dobrze broniona i trudna do pokonania.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "\"The belief that the newest wave of sanctions will make Russia start to beg for mercy proves that the West has no idea how to act towards Russia,\" said Sergei Lavrov, the chief of Russia's diplomacy, in an interview for the Saudi station Al Arabiya.",
"ref": "2022 April 29, “Ławrow: Zachód musi zdyscyplinować polskich i ukraińskich kolegów”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-20:",
"text": "Wiara, że najnowsza fala sankcji sprawi, że Rosja zacznie błagać o łaskę, świadczy, że Zachód nie ma pojęcia, jak postępować z Rosją - powiedział w wywiadzie dla saudyjskiej stacji Al Arabiya Siergiej Ławrow, szef rosyjskiej dyplomacji.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Now only stones bear witness to the glory of the first lords,\nAnd Rome is still there, where you don't have Romans any more.",
"ref": "1774, “Oda Do Czasu”, in M. Gröl, editor, Zabawy przyjemne i pożyteczne z różnych Autorów zebrane, volume X, number II, page 242:",
"text": "Już tylko głazy świadczą sławę pierwszych panów,\nI Rzym jest jeszcze tam, gdzie już nie masz Rzymianów.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to prove with one's existence)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<of what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘of what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘of",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"bear witness",
"bear witness"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to prove with one's existence) [with o (+ locative) ‘of what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be indicative, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to cause someone to judge one a particular way)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<of whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘of whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘of",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"bear witness",
"bear witness"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to be indicative, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to (to cause someone to judge one a particular way) [with o (+ locative) ‘of whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to evince (to be evidence for or against something) [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’] [with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":za(ins)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"za",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":przeciw(dat)<against whom/what>"
},
"expansion": "[with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"przeciw",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘against",
"whom/what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<about what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"evince",
"evince"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to evince (to be evidence for or against something) [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’] [with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’] [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs",
"pl:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"to testify (to give evidence in court as a witness) [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’] [with przed (+ instrumental) ‘in front of/before whom’] [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’]"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":o(loc)<about what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":przed(ins)<in front of/before whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with przed (+ instrumental) ‘in front of/before whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"przed",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘in",
"front",
"of/before",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":za(ins)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"za",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":przeciw(dat)<against whom/what>"
},
"expansion": "[with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"przeciw",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘against",
"whom/what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary, law) to testify (to give evidence in court as a witness) [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’] [with przed (+ instrumental) ‘in front of/before whom’] [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for what’] [with przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zeznawać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to provide, to render (to do something for someone's benefit)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<for whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘for whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘for",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"render",
"render"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to provide, to render (to do something for someone's benefit) [with dative ‘for whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish formal terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to provide, to render (to perform some services for a fee)"
],
"links": [
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"render",
"render"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, formal) to provide, to render (to perform some services for a fee)"
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to incur expenses for particular purposes"
],
"links": [
[
"incur",
"incur"
],
[
"expense",
"expense"
],
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, literary) to incur expenses for particular purposes"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to help (to have the intended healing effect)"
],
"links": [
[
"help",
"help"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete, of medicine) to help (to have the intended healing effect)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of medicine"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"Polish dialectal terms",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative forms: świarczyć, świarszczyć"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know someone; to be friends with"
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń) to know someone; to be friends with"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "znać"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish dialectal terms",
"Polish impersonal verbs",
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Przemyśl Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"to bode, to betoken, to portend, to augur, to presage"
],
"links": [
[
"bode",
"bode"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"portend",
"portend"
],
[
"augur",
"augur"
],
[
"presage",
"presage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, impersonal, obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl) to bode, to betoken, to portend, to augur, to presage"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wróżyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"imperfective",
"impersonal",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to cite, to invoke"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<something>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘something’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘something’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"cite",
"cite"
],
[
"invoke",
"invoke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, archaic) to cite, to invoke [with na (+ accusative) ‘something’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powoływać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Kuyavian Polish",
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: świarczyć się"
},
{
"english": "They are buddy-buddy with each other.",
"text": "Oni świadczą się z sobą.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to associate, to commune, to consort; to know"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"consort",
"consort"
],
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"qualifier": "obsolete or Kuyavia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete or Kuyavia) to associate, to commune, to consort; to know"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɨt͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕfjɒt.t͡ʂɨt͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/",
"note": "Kuyavia"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-att͡ʂɘt͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "świadczyć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Silesian/att͡ʂɪt͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Silesian/att͡ʂɪt͡ɕ/2 syllables",
"Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Silesian imperfective verbs",
"Silesian lemmas",
"Silesian terms derived from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms suffixed with -yć",
"Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Silesian verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doświŏdczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poświŏdczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "prziświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prziświŏdczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyświŏdczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ôświadczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ôświŏdczać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "świadczyć"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "świadek",
"3": "-yć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, świadek + -yć",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish świadczyć. By surface analysis, świadek + -yć.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "szl-conj-ai-Vb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczã",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczymy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczysz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczycie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōł żech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłach",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła żech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło żech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylimy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczylichmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłymy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłychmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōł żeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła żeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło żeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyli żeście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyły żeście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydã świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydymy świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziesz świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydziecie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydzie świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydōm świadczyć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłch świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłech świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōł żech świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłach świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "była żech świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłoch świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "było żech świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byli my świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bylichmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "były my świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byłychmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōłeś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōł żeś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłaś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "była żeś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byłoś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "było żeś świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byliście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byli żeście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byłyście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "były żeście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōł świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "była świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "było świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "były my świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byłychmy świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "były świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bych świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bych świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "by my świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "bychmy świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byście świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczōł",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by świadczyły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niych świadczã",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadcz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niych świadczy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niych świadczōm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōncy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōncŏ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōnce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōncy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōnce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōny",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōnŏ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczyni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczōne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "świadczynie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "świadczyć impf",
"name": "szl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"świad‧czyć"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "świadcz",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "szl-conj-ai-Vb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "świadczyć",
"10": "świadczy",
"11": "świadcz",
"2": "świadczã",
"3": "świadczysz",
"4": "świadczy",
"5": "świadczymy",
"6": "świadczycie",
"7": "świadczōm",
"8": "świadczō",
"9": "świadczy",
"ap": "świadcz",
"pp": "świadczōn",
"pp2": "świadczyni",
"vn": "świadczynie"
},
"name": "szl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "świadectwo"
},
{
"word": "świadek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Silesian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to"
],
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
],
[
"testify",
"testify"
],
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"bear witness",
"bear witness"
],
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to witness; to be indicative, to be a sign of, to indicate, to prove, to evince, to testify, to betoken, to bear witness to, to speak to"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Silesian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to compliment (to express a favorable opinion of)"
],
"links": [
[
"compliment",
"compliment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to compliment (to express a favorable opinion of)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɕfjat.t͡ʂɪt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-att͡ʂɪt͡ɕ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "świŏdczyć"
}
],
"word": "świadczyć"
}
Download raw JSONL data for świadczyć meaning in All languages combined (54.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: law, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: law, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: intransitive, impersonal, obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: intransitive, impersonal, obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'pluperfect tense'",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Silesian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'pluperfect tense'",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Silesian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'pluperfect tense'",
"path": [
"świadczyć"
],
"section": "Silesian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "świadczyć",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.