"難過" meaning in 漢語

See 難過 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /nän³⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Standard Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /naːn²¹ kʷɔː³³/ [Cantonese, IPA], /lan³⁵ kuo³⁵/ [Gan, IPA], /nan¹¹ ko⁵⁵/ [IPA], /lan¹³⁻²² ko²¹/ [Southern Min], /lan²⁴⁻²² ko²¹/ [Southern Min], /lan²⁴⁻²² ke²¹/ [Southern Min], /lan¹³⁻²² kue²¹/ [Southern Min], /lan²⁴⁻²² kə⁴¹/ [Southern Min], /ne²² ku⁴⁴/ [Wu, Shanghai], /ne²² kəu³³/ [Wu] Audio: Zh-nánguò.ogg Forms: 难过 [Simplified Chinese]
  1. 不容易度過的
    Sense id: zh-難過-zh-adj-g6OzCTGu Categories (other): 有使用例的官話詞
  2. 痛苦的,有病痛的
    Sense id: zh-難過-zh-adj-RL8hsIK7 Categories (other): 有使用例的官話詞
  3. 傷心的,難受的
    Sense id: zh-難過-zh-adj-gRMAkkmr Categories (other): 有使用例的官話詞
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 英雄難過美人關 [Traditional Chinese], 英雄难过美人关 [Simplified Chinese]
Categories (other): 吳語形容詞, 吳語詞元, 官話形容詞, 官話詞元, 客家語形容詞, 客家語詞元, 帶「過」的漢語詞, 帶「難」的漢語詞, 有1個詞條的頁面, 有國際音標的漢語詞, 有詞條的頁面, 有音頻鏈接的官話詞, 泉漳話形容詞, 泉漳話詞元, 漢語 情緒, 漢語形容詞, 漢語水平考試乙級詞, 漢語詞元, 粵語形容詞, 粵語詞元, 贛語形容詞, 贛語詞元, 需要注意讀音的贛語詞 Synonyms (不容易度過): (kǔ) Synonyms (傷心): 京京 (jīngjīng) [literary], 傷心 [Traditional Chinese], 伤心 [Simplified Chinese], 傷悲 (shāngbēi) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 伤悲 (shāngbēi) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 傷感 (shānggǎn) [Traditional Chinese], 伤感 (shānggǎn) [Simplified Chinese], 傷懷 (shānghuái) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 伤怀 (shānghuái) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 傷痛 (shāngtòng) [Traditional Chinese], 伤痛 (shāngtòng) [Simplified Chinese], 傷神 (shāngshén) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 伤神 (shāngshén) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 刺心 (cìxīn), 哀傷 (āi shāng) [Traditional Chinese], 哀伤 (āi shāng) [Simplified Chinese], 哀切, 哀怨 (āiyuàn), 哀悽 [Traditional Chinese], 哀凄 [Simplified Chinese], 哀慟 (āitòng) [Traditional Chinese], 哀恸 (āitòng) [Simplified Chinese], 哀戚 (āiqī) [literary], 哀痛 (āitòng), 心酸 (xīnsuān), 怛傷 (dáshāng) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 怛伤 (dáshāng) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 悄然 (qiǎorán) [literary], 情傷 [Traditional Chinese, literary], 情伤 [Simplified Chinese, literary], 悲催, 悲傷 (bēishāng) [Traditional Chinese], 悲伤 (bēishāng) [Simplified Chinese], 悲切 (bēiqiè) [literary], 悲哀 (bēi'āi), 悲悽 (bēiqī) [Traditional Chinese], 悲凄 (bēiqī) [Simplified Chinese], 悱惻 (fěicè) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 悱恻 (fěicè) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 悽惶 (qīhuáng) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 凄惶 (qīhuáng) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 悲愴 [Traditional Chinese, literary], 悲怆 [Simplified Chinese, literary], 悽愴 (qīchuàng) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 凄怆 (qīchuàng) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 悲慘 (bēicǎn) [Traditional Chinese], 悲惨 (bēicǎn) [Simplified Chinese], 悲慟 (bēitòng) [Traditional Chinese], 悲恸 (bēitòng) [Simplified Chinese], 悽戚 (qīqì) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 凄戚 (qīqì) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 悲戚, 悲摧 [literary], 悲楚 [literary], 悲涼 (bēiliáng) [Traditional Chinese], 悲凉 (bēiliáng) [Simplified Chinese], 悲痛 (bēitòng), 悲苦 (bēikǔ), 感傷 [Traditional Chinese], 感伤 [Simplified Chinese], 愀愴 (qiùchuàng) [Traditional Chinese], 愀怆 (qiùchuàng) [Simplified Chinese], 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) [literary], 惻然 (cèrán) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 恻然 (cèrán) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 愴然 (chuàngrán) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 怆然 (chuàngrán) [Simplified Chinese, literary], (cǎn) [Traditional Chinese], (cǎn) [Simplified Chinese], 憂傷 (yōushāng) [Traditional Chinese], 忧伤 (yōushāng) [Simplified Chinese], 慘悽 (cǎnqī) [Traditional Chinese], 惨凄 (cǎnqī) [Simplified Chinese], 憂愁 [Traditional Chinese], 忧愁 [Simplified Chinese], 憂戚 (yōuqī) [Traditional Chinese, literary], 忧戚 (yōuqī) [Simplified Chinese, literary], 慘淡 (cǎndàn) [Traditional Chinese], 惨淡 (cǎndàn) [Simplified Chinese], 憯懍 (cǎnlǐn) [Traditional Chinese], 憯懔 (cǎnlǐn) [Simplified Chinese], 懤懤 (chóuchóu) [Traditional Chinese], 㤽㤽 (chóuchóu) [Simplified Chinese], 沉痛, 淒切 [Traditional Chinese], 凄切 [Simplified Chinese], 淒惻 [Traditional Chinese, literary], 凄恻 [Simplified Chinese, literary], 淒慘 [Traditional Chinese], 凄惨 [Simplified Chinese], 淒楚 [Traditional Chinese], 凄楚 [Simplified Chinese], 淒涼 [Traditional Chinese], 凄凉 [Simplified Chinese], 淒然 [Traditional Chinese, literary], 凄然 [Simplified Chinese, literary], 痛心 (tòngxīn), 蒼涼 (cāngliáng) [Traditional Chinese], 苍凉 (cāngliáng) [Simplified Chinese], 酸心 (suānxīn), 難受 (nánshòu) [Traditional Chinese], 难受 (nánshòu) [Simplified Chinese], 难过 (nánguò) [Simplified Chinese], 青凊 [Southern Min], 黯然 (ànrán)
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "客家語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "客家語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「過」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「難」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語 情緒",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語水平考試乙級詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "贛語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "贛語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "需要注意讀音的贛語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "英雄難過美人關"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "英雄难过美人关"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "难过",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有使用例的官話詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Xiànzài zhè rìzǐ zhēnshì nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "現在這日子真是難過。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Xiànzài zhè rìzǐ zhēnshì nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "现在这日子真是难过。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "不容易度過的"
      ],
      "id": "zh-難過-zh-adj-g6OzCTGu"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有使用例的官話詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ juéde wèi lǐ hěn nánguò, néng bù néng dài wǒ qù kàn yīxià yīshēng?",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我覺得胃裡很難過,能不能帶我去看一下醫生?"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ juéde wèi lǐ hěn nánguò, néng bù néng dài wǒ qù kàn yīxià yīshēng?",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我觉得胃里很难过,能不能带我去看一下医生?"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "痛苦的,有病痛的"
      ],
      "id": "zh-難過-zh-adj-RL8hsIK7"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有使用例的官話詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ zhēn wèi tā nánguò, zhème xiǎo jiù shīqù le tā de fùqīn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我真為他難過,這麼小就失去了他的父親。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ zhēn wèi tā nánguò, zhème xiǎo jiù shīqù le tā de fùqīn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我真为他难过,这么小就失去了他的父亲。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Nǐ gāngcái de jiǎnghuà ràng wǒ fēicháng de nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "你剛才的講話讓我非常地難過。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Nǐ gāngcái de jiǎnghuà ràng wǒ fēicháng de nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "你刚才的讲话让我非常地难过。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "傷心的,難受的"
      ],
      "id": "zh-難過-zh-adj-gRMAkkmr"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nánguò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Zh-nánguò.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Zh-nánguò.ogg/Zh-nánguò.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-nánguò.ogg"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naan⁴ gwo³"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "維基詞典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gan"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lan⁴ guo⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nàn-ko"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kò / lân-kè / lân-kòe / lân-kèr"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶ne-ku₅ / ²ne-kou₅"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nánguò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nánguò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan²-kuo⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nán-gwò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nanguoh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "наньго (nanʹgo)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nän³⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naan⁴ gwo³"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nàahn gwo"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naan⁴ gwo³"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan⁴ guo³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːn²¹ kʷɔː³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "南昌話",
        "維基詞典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gan"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lan⁴ guo⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan³⁵ kuo³⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "南昌話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nàn-ko"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家語拼音"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan^ˇ go"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家話拼音"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan² go⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nan¹¹ ko⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kò"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kò"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lankoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² ko²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "國際音標 (漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² ko²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "國際音標 (廈門"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kè"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kè"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lankex"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² ke²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "國際音標 (廈門"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kòe"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kuè"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lankoex"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kue²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "國際音標 (漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kèr"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kèr"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kə⁴¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州",
        "國際音標 (泉州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶ne-ku₅"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "吳音小字典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ne^去 ku^去"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "維基詞典羅馬化 (上海話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³ne-ku₂"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ne²² ku⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "國際音標 (上海"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "蘇州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "²ne-kou₅"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "蘇州",
        "吳音小字典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ne^平 kou^去"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ne²² kəu³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "蘇州",
        "國際音標 (蘇州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kǔ",
      "sense": "不容易度過",
      "word": "苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngjīng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "京京"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "傷心"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "伤心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "傷感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "伤感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷懷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤怀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "傷痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "伤痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cìxīn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "刺心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āi shāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āi shāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀伤"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "哀切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiyuàn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "哀怨"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀悽"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "哀戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "哀痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnsuān",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "心酸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎorán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悄然"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情傷"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情伤"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "新詞、詼諧"
      ],
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲催"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqiè",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēi'āi",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲哀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱惻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱恻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽惶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄惶"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲愴"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqì",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqì",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄戚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲戚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲摧"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēikǔ",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲苦"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "感傷"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "感伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiùchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "愀愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiùchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "愀怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchǔ",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愁楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "恻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愴然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怆然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憂傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "忧伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "慘悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "惨凄"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憂愁"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "忧愁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "憂戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "忧戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎndàn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "慘淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎndàn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "惨淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憯懍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憯懔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "懤懤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "㤽㤽"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "沉痛"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒切"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄切"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒惻"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄恻"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒慘"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄惨"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒楚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄楚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒涼"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄凉"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒然"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tòngxīn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "痛心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "蒼涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "苍凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "suānxīn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "酸心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "難受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "难受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "难过"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "word": "青凊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "黯然"
    }
  ],
  "word": "難過"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "吳語形容詞",
    "吳語詞元",
    "官話形容詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "客家語形容詞",
    "客家語詞元",
    "帶「過」的漢語詞",
    "帶「難」的漢語詞",
    "有1個詞條的頁面",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "有詞條的頁面",
    "有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
    "泉漳話形容詞",
    "泉漳話詞元",
    "漢語 情緒",
    "漢語形容詞",
    "漢語水平考試乙級詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "粵語形容詞",
    "粵語詞元",
    "贛語形容詞",
    "贛語詞元",
    "需要注意讀音的贛語詞"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "英雄難過美人關"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "英雄难过美人关"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "难过",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "有使用例的官話詞"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Xiànzài zhè rìzǐ zhēnshì nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "現在這日子真是難過。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Xiànzài zhè rìzǐ zhēnshì nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "现在这日子真是难过。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "不容易度過的"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "有使用例的官話詞"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ juéde wèi lǐ hěn nánguò, néng bù néng dài wǒ qù kàn yīxià yīshēng?",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我覺得胃裡很難過,能不能帶我去看一下醫生?"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ juéde wèi lǐ hěn nánguò, néng bù néng dài wǒ qù kàn yīxià yīshēng?",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我觉得胃里很难过,能不能带我去看一下医生?"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "痛苦的,有病痛的"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "有使用例的官話詞"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ zhēn wèi tā nánguò, zhème xiǎo jiù shīqù le tā de fùqīn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我真為他難過,這麼小就失去了他的父親。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Wǒ zhēn wèi tā nánguò, zhème xiǎo jiù shīqù le tā de fùqīn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我真为他难过,这么小就失去了他的父亲。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Nǐ gāngcái de jiǎnghuà ràng wǒ fēicháng de nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "你剛才的講話讓我非常地難過。"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Nǐ gāngcái de jiǎnghuà ràng wǒ fēicháng de nánguò.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "你刚才的讲话让我非常地难过。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "傷心的,難受的"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nánguò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Zh-nánguò.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Zh-nánguò.ogg/Zh-nánguò.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-nánguò.ogg"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naan⁴ gwo³"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "維基詞典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gan"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lan⁴ guo⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nàn-ko"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kò / lân-kè / lân-kòe / lân-kèr"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶ne-ku₅ / ²ne-kou₅"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nánguò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nánguò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan²-kuo⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nán-gwò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nanguoh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "наньго (nanʹgo)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nän³⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naan⁴ gwo³"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nàahn gwo"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naan⁴ gwo³"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan⁴ guo³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːn²¹ kʷɔː³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "南昌話",
        "維基詞典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gan"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lan⁴ guo⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan³⁵ kuo³⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "南昌話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nàn-ko"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家語拼音"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan^ˇ go"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家話拼音"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nan² go⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nan¹¹ ko⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "客家語",
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kò"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kò"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lankoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² ko²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "國際音標 (漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² ko²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門、漳州",
        "國際音標 (廈門"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kè"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kè"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lankex"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² ke²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "廈門",
        "國際音標 (廈門"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kòe"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kuè"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lankoex"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kue²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "國際音標 (漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kèr"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lân-kèr"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kə⁴¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州",
        "國際音標 (泉州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶ne-ku₅"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "吳音小字典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ne^去 ku^去"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "維基詞典羅馬化 (上海話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³ne-ku₂"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ne²² ku⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "國際音標 (上海"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "蘇州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "²ne-kou₅"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "蘇州",
        "吳音小字典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ne^平 kou^去"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ne²² kəu³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "太湖片",
        "蘇州",
        "國際音標 (蘇州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kǔ",
      "sense": "不容易度過",
      "word": "苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīngjīng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "京京"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "傷心"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "伤心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngbēi",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤悲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "傷感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānggǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "伤感"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷懷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shānghuái",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤怀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "傷痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngtòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "伤痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傷神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shāngshén",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "伤神"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cìxīn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "刺心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āi shāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āi shāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀伤"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "哀切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiyuàn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "哀怨"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀悽"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "哀恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āiqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "哀戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "哀痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnsuān",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "心酸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dáshāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怛伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiǎorán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悄然"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情傷"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "情伤"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "新詞、詼諧"
      ],
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲催"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēishāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqiè",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēi'āi",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲哀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲凄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱惻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fěicè",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悱恻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽惶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhuáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄惶"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲愴"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēicǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲慟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲恸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqì",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悽戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīqì",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄戚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲戚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲摧"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悲楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēiliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "悲凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēitòng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲痛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bēikǔ",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "悲苦"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "感傷"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "感伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiùchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "愀愴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiùchuàng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "愀怆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchǔ",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愁楚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "惻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cèrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "恻然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "愴然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chuàngrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怆然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "慘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "惨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憂傷"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōushāng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "忧伤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "慘悽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "惨凄"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憂愁"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "忧愁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "憂戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuqī",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "忧戚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎndàn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "慘淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎndàn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "惨淡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憯懍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǎnlǐn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "憯懔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "懤懤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chóuchóu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "㤽㤽"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "沉痛"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒切"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄切"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒惻"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄恻"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒慘"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄惨"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒楚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄楚"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "淒涼"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "凄凉"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "淒然"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凄然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tòngxīn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "痛心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "蒼涼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngliáng",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "苍凉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "suānxīn",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "酸心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "難受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánshòu",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "难受"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánguò",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "难过"
    },
    {
      "sense": "傷心",
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "word": "青凊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànrán",
      "sense": "傷心",
      "word": "黯然"
    }
  ],
  "word": "難過"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 難過 meaning in 漢語 (16.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.