"bourdonner" meaning in Français

See bourdonner in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: \buʁ.dɔ.ne\, buʁ.dɔ.ne Audio: Fr-bourdonner.ogg , LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav , LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav , LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav , LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-bourdonner.wav
Forms: bourdonner [infinitive, present], avoir bourdonné [infinitive, past], en bourdonnant [gerund, present], en ayant bourdonné [gerund, past], bourdonnant [participle, present], bourdonné [participle, past], je bourdonne [indicative, present], tu bourdonnes [indicative, present], il/elle/on bourdonne [indicative, present], nous bourdonnons [indicative, present], vous bourdonnez [indicative, present], ils/elles bourdonnent [indicative, present], j’ai bourdonné [indicative, past multiword-construction], tu as bourdonné [indicative, past multiword-construction], il/elle/on a bourdonné [indicative, past multiword-construction], nous avons bourdonné [indicative, past multiword-construction], vous avez bourdonné [indicative, past multiword-construction], ils/elles ont bourdonné [indicative, past multiword-construction], je bourdonnais [indicative, imperfect], tu bourdonnais [indicative, imperfect], il/elle/on bourdonnait [indicative, imperfect], nous bourdonnions [indicative, imperfect], vous bourdonniez [indicative, imperfect], ils/elles bourdonnaient [indicative, imperfect], j’avais bourdonné [indicative, pluperfect], tu avais bourdonné [indicative, pluperfect], il/elle/on avait bourdonné [indicative, pluperfect], nous avions bourdonné [indicative, pluperfect], vous aviez bourdonné [indicative, pluperfect], ils/elles avaient bourdonné [indicative, pluperfect], je bourdonnai [indicative, past], tu bourdonnas [indicative, past], il/elle/on bourdonna [indicative, past], nous bourdonnâmes [indicative, past], vous bourdonnâtes [indicative, past], ils/elles bourdonnèrent [indicative, past], j’eus bourdonné [indicative, past anterior], tu eus bourdonné [indicative, past anterior], il/elle/on eut bourdonné [indicative, past anterior], nous eûmes bourdonné [indicative, past anterior], vous eûtes bourdonné [indicative, past anterior], ils/elles eurent bourdonné [indicative, past anterior], je bourdonnerai [indicative, future], tu bourdonneras [indicative, future], il/elle/on bourdonnera [indicative, future], nous bourdonnerons [indicative, future], vous bourdonnerez [indicative, future], ils/elles bourdonneront [indicative, future], j’aurai bourdonné [indicative, future perfect], tu auras bourdonné [indicative, future perfect], il/elle/on aura bourdonné [indicative, future perfect], nous aurons bourdonné [indicative, future perfect], vous aurez bourdonné [indicative, future perfect], ils/elles auront bourdonné [indicative, future perfect], que je bourdonne [subjunctive, present], que tu bourdonnes [subjunctive, present], qu’il/elle/on bourdonne [subjunctive, present], que nous bourdonnions [subjunctive, present], que vous bourdonniez [subjunctive, present], qu’ils/elles bourdonnent [subjunctive, present], que j’aie bourdonné [subjunctive, past], que tu aies bourdonné [subjunctive, past], qu’il/elle/on ait bourdonné [subjunctive, past], que nous ayons bourdonné [subjunctive, past], que vous ayez bourdonné [subjunctive, past], qu’ils/elles aient bourdonné [subjunctive, past], que je bourdonnasse [subjunctive, imperfect], que tu bourdonnasses [subjunctive, imperfect], qu’il/elle/on bourdonnât [subjunctive, imperfect], que nous bourdonnassions [subjunctive, imperfect], que vous bourdonnassiez [subjunctive, imperfect], qu’ils/elles bourdonnassent [subjunctive, imperfect], que j’eusse bourdonné [subjunctive, pluperfect], que tu eusses bourdonné [subjunctive, pluperfect], qu’il/elle/on eût bourdonné [subjunctive, pluperfect], que nous eussions bourdonné [subjunctive, pluperfect], que vous eussiez bourdonné [subjunctive, pluperfect], qu’ils/elles eussent bourdonné [subjunctive, pluperfect], je bourdonnerais [conditional, present], tu bourdonnerais [conditional, present], il/elle/on bourdonnerait [conditional, present], nous bourdonnerions [conditional, present], vous bourdonneriez [conditional, present], ils/elles bourdonneraient [conditional, present], j’aurais bourdonné [conditional, past], tu aurais bourdonné [conditional, past], il/elle/on aurait bourdonné [conditional, past], nous aurions bourdonné [conditional, past], vous auriez bourdonné [conditional, past], ils/elles auraient bourdonné [conditional, past], bourdonne [imperative, present], bourdonnons [imperative, present], bourdonnez [imperative, present], aie bourdonné [imperative, past], ayons bourdonné [imperative, past], ayez bourdonné [imperative, past]
  1. Émettre un bourdonnement en parlant principalement des battements d’ailes des insectes, des petits oiseaux.
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-UqwDSNXr Categories (other): Exemples en français
  2. Fait qu’un objet, qu’une machine, qu’une surface émette des vibrations plus ou moins sonores. Tags: broadly
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-Utin1J5B Categories (other): Exemples en français
  3. Quand un grand nombre de personnes émettent un murmure sourd et confus en discutant entre elles. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-AGusiLsu Categories (other): Exemples en français, Métaphores en français
  4. Ressentir un bruit sourd et lancinant dans sa tête.
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-ERPD6U9f Categories (other): Exemples en français
  5. S’agiter, bouillonner en parlant d’un lieu ou de personnes. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-brFjdmqF Categories (other): Métaphores en français
  6. Fredonner une chanson à mi-voix entre ses dents. Tags: familiar
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-eD5rhG1o Categories (other): Exemples en français, Termes familiers en français
  7. Importuner par des paroles, des lamentations, des discours. Tags: familiar, figuratively, pejorative
  8. Faire résonner une cloche sans la sonner en branle.
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-e~TIL5A~ Categories (other): Exemples en français, Lexique en français de la musique Topics: music
  9. Émettre un bourdon.
    Sense id: fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-kXH0V8gN Categories (other): Exemples en français, Lexique en français de la musique Topics: music
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: zinzonner Synonyms (Émettre un bourdonnement): bobiner, zonzonner, zonner Derived forms: bourdonnant, bourdonneur Translations (Faire résonner une cloche): summen (Allemand), surren (Allemand), brummen (Allemand), ring (Anglais), summen (Bas allemand), surren (Bas allemand), brummen (Bas allemand), ressoar (Portugais), soar (Portugais) Translations (Fredonner): summen (Allemand), murmeln (Allemand), hum (Anglais), summen (Bas allemand), murmeln (Bas allemand), cantussejar (Catalan), kanteti (Espéranto), zumi (Espéranto), hyristä (Finnois), zonzonar (Occitan), cantarolar (Portugais) Translations (Importuner): nörgeln (Allemand), quengeln (Allemand), nag (Anglais), joostern (Bas allemand), lamenteren (Bas allemand), quengeln (Bas allemand), quarken (Bas allemand), importunar (Portugais), chatear (Portugais) Translations (Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête): sausen (Allemand), summen (Allemand), ring (Anglais), susen (Bas allemand), summen (Bas allemand), surren (Bas allemand), senti orelzumadon (Espéranto), zumbir (Portugais) Translations (S’agiter, bouillonner): tönen (Allemand), brummen (Allemand), dröhnen (Allemand), buzz (Anglais), tönen (Bas allemand), brummen (Bas allemand), dröhnen (Bas allemand), kuhista (Finnois), agitar (Portugais) Translations (À trier): boudal (Breton), жужукам (Bulgare), botzinar (Catalan), brogir (Catalan), brunzir (Catalan), murmurar (Catalan), zumbar (Espagnol), ronronear (Espagnol), canturrear (Espagnol), surra (Féroïen), zumar (Ido), ronzare (Italien), cônaer (Normand), brommen (Néerlandais), gonzen (Néerlandais), razen (Néerlandais), snorren (Néerlandais), suizelen (Néerlandais), suizen (Néerlandais), tuiten (Néerlandais), zoemen (Néerlandais), жужжать (Russe), surra (Suédois) Translations (Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes): surren (Allemand), brummen (Allemand), summen (Allemand), buzz (Anglais), buzz around (Anglais), surren (Bas allemand), sirrsen (Bas allemand), summen (Bas allemand), brummen (Bas allemand), zumbar (Espagnol), zumi (Espéranto), suhina (Finnois), βομβίζω (bombízō) (Grec ancien), zoemen (Néerlandais), gonzen (Néerlandais), gonzen (Néerlandais), bronzinar (Occitan), sumpern (Plodarisch), zumbir (Portugais), zunir (Portugais) Translations (Émettre des vibrations sonores): brummen (Allemand), rumble (Anglais), hum (Anglais), whir (Anglais), drone (Anglais), brummen (Bas allemand), surista (Finnois), hurista (Finnois), kuhmata (Finnois), zoemen (Néerlandais), gonzen (Néerlandais), zonzonar (Occitan), zonzonejar (Occitan), tremer (Portugais), agitar (Portugais), vibrar (Portugais), ráđaidit (Same du Nord) Translations (Émettre un bourdon): brummen (Allemand), drone (Anglais), brummen (Bas allemand), ressoar (Portugais), soar (Portugais) Translations (Émettre un murmure): brummen (Allemand), murmeln (Allemand), rumble (Anglais), murmur (Anglais), brummen (Bas allemand), murmeln (Bas allemand), humista (Finnois), zumbir (Portugais)

Inflected forms

{
  "anagrams": [
    {
      "word": "Noordburen"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Lemmes en français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Lexique en français des cris d’animaux",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en ancien français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en allemand",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en anglais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en bas allemand",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en bulgare",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en catalan",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en espéranto",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en finnois",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en grec ancien",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en normand",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en néerlandais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en occitan",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en plodarisch",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en portugais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en same du Nord",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes du premier groupe en français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes en français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Verbes intransitifs en français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en breton",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en catalan",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en espagnol",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en féroïen",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en ido",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en italien",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en néerlandais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en russe",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en suédois",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Français",
      "orig": "français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bourdonnant"
    },
    {
      "word": "bourdonneur"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "(1390) De l’ancien français bordoner."
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bourdonner",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\a.vwaʁ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en bourdonnant",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɑ̃ buʁ.dɔ.nɑ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en ayant bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɑ̃.n‿ɛ.jɑ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonnant",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.nɑ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnons",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.nɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonnez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonnent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’ai bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿e buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu as bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty a buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on a bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous avons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿a.vɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous avez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿a.ve buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles ont bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonnait",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.njɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonniez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.nje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonnaient",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’avais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu avais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on avait bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous avions bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿a.vjɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous aviez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿a.vje buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles avaient bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnai",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnas",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.na\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonna",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.na\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnâmes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.nam\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonnâtes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.nat\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonnèrent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.nɛʁ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’eus bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu eus bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on eut bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous eûmes bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿ym buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous eûtes bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿yt buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles eurent bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿yʁ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnerai",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁe\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonneras",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁa\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonnera",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁa\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnerons",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonnerez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁe\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonneront",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’aurai bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿o.ʁe buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu auras bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty o.ʁa buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on aura bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁa buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous aurons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous aurez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿o.ʁe buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles auront bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que je bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒə buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu bourdonnes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous bourdonnions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu buʁ.dɔ.njɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous bourdonniez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu buʁ.dɔ.nje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles bourdonnent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que j’aie bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒ‿ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu aies bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on ait bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous ayons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu.z‿ɛ.jɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous ayez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu.z‿ɛ.je buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles aient bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que je bourdonnasse",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒə buʁ.dɔ.nas\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu bourdonnasses",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty buʁ.dɔ.nas\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on bourdonnât",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.na\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous bourdonnassions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu buʁ.dɔ.na.sjɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous bourdonnassiez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu buʁ.dɔ.na.sje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles bourdonnassent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.nas\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que j’eusse bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒ‿ys buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu eusses bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty ys buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on eût bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous eussions bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu.z‿y.sjɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous eussiez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu.z‿y.sje buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles eussent bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ys buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnerais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnerais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonnerait",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnerions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.nə.ʁjɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonneriez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.nə.ʁje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonneraient",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’aurais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu aurais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on aurait bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous aurions bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿o.ʁjɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous auriez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿o.ʁje buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles auraient bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonnons",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.nɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonnez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aie bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɛ.jɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɛ.je buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Français",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "1ᵉʳ groupe"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Aloysius Bertrand, Gaspard de la nuit, 1842",
          "text": "Et soudain, au chocs des pots, aux grincements de la guitare, au rire des servantes, au brouhaha de la foule, succéda un silence à travers lequel eût bourdonné le vol d’une mouche."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Gustave Aimard, Les Trappeurs de l’Arkansas, Éditions Amyot, Paris, 1858",
          "text": "De cette façon, ils ne perdirent pas de vue les abeilles […] ; elles entrèrent après avoir bourdonné un moment, dans un trou situé à plus de quatre-vingts pieds du sol."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Académie française, Dictionnaire de l’Académie française, tomeI, 1835, page 216",
          "text": "Les colibris bourdonnent autour de cet arbrisseau."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Émettre un bourdonnement en parlant principalement des battements d’ailes des insectes, des petits oiseaux."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-UqwDSNXr"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Tu m’as dit avoir éteint le moteur pourtant je l’entends bourdonner."
        },
        {
          "text": "Le sol bourdonne c’est à cause des travaux à proximité."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Pascal Quignard, La haine de la musique, Gallimard, 1996, collection Folio, page 276",
          "text": "La lumière a ses chants.\nC’est pour leur cri que j’aime les feux.\nAlors que les mèches des chandelles durant des siècles grésillèrent, le fil électrique bourdonne.\nPartout on retrouve ce bourdon propre à la lumière électrique dans le monde.\nC’est la « tonalité » du monde."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fait qu’un objet, qu’une machine, qu’une surface émette des vibrations plus ou moins sonores."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-Utin1J5B",
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Métaphores en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Genjiro Yoshida, La femme de Seisaku, traduit par Hiroto Kano et Ana Lazarée, édition Stalker, 2007, page 6",
          "text": "Lorsqu’elle passait, ils bourdonnaient de médisance."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Denis Diderot, La Religieuse, 1796",
          "text": "Je perdis la connaissance et le sentiment : j’entendais seulement bourdonner autour de moi des voix confuses et lointaines ; soit qu’elles parlassent, soit que les oreilles me tintassent, je ne distinguais rien que ce tintement qui durait."
        },
        {
          "text": "Quand il eut cessé de parler, on entendit bourdonner toute l’assemblée."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Quand un grand nombre de personnes émettent un murmure sourd et confus en discutant entre elles."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-AGusiLsu",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Les oreilles me bourdonnent ou alors j’ai les oreilles qui bourdonnent."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ressentir un bruit sourd et lancinant dans sa tête."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-ERPD6U9f"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Métaphores en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "— Eh bien ! Ça bourdonne dans les locaux de la direction. Qu’est-ce qui se passe ?\n— Visite surprise de l’inspection du travail."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "S’agiter, bouillonner en parlant d’un lieu ou de personnes."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-brFjdmqF",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Termes familiers en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Il bourdonne toujours quelques vieux airs."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fredonner une chanson à mi-voix entre ses dents."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-eD5rhG1o",
      "tags": [
        "familiar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Métaphores en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Termes familiers en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Termes péjoratifs en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Que venez-vous nous bourdonner sans cesse ?"
        },
        {
          "text": "Il nous bourdonne ses soucis mais peu l’écoutent."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Importuner par des paroles, des lamentations, des discours."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-v1uTB~tY",
      "tags": [
        "familiar",
        "figuratively",
        "pejorative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lexique en français de la musique",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Association nationale pour favoriser les arts en Belgigue, La renaissance chronique des arts et de la littérature, tomeIII, 1841-1842, page 174",
          "text": "Les cloches bourdonnent sourdement dans la tour pour le moine qui vient d’expirer."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Faire résonner une cloche sans la sonner en branle."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-e~TIL5A~",
      "topics": [
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lexique en français de la musique",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Deux cordes de la vielle bourdonnent un fond sonore car elles ne sont pas affectées par les touches contrairement aux autres qui servent à jouer la mélodie."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Émettre un bourdon."
      ],
      "id": "fr-bourdonner-fr-verb-kXH0V8gN",
      "topics": [
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-bourdonner.ogg",
      "ipa": "buʁ.dɔ.ne",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/Fr-bourdonner.ogg/Fr-bourdonner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fr-bourdonner.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France (Vosges)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France (Lyon)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
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      "raw_tags": [
        "Vosges (France)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
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      "raw_tags": [
        "Somain (France)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-bourdonner.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdonnement",
      "word": "bobiner"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdonnement",
      "word": "zonzonner"
    },
    {
      "word": "zinzonner"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Suisse"
      ],
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdonnement",
      "word": "zonner"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "intransitive"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "buzz"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "buzz around"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "sirrsen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zumbar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "suhina"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Grec ancien",
      "lang_code": "grc",
      "roman": "bombízō",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "βομβίζω"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zoemen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "bronzinar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Plodarisch",
      "lang_code": "plodarisch",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "sumpern"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zumbir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zunir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Machine"
      ],
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "rumble"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Machine"
      ],
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "hum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "whir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "drone"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "surista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "hurista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "kuhmata"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "zoemen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "zonzonar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "zonzonejar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "tremer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "agitar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "vibrar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Same du Nord",
      "lang_code": "se",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "ráđaidit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "rumble"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "murmur"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "humista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "zumbir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "sausen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "ring"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "susen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "senti orelzumadon"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "zumbir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "tönen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "dröhnen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "buzz"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "tönen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "dröhnen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "kuhista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "agitar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "hum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "cantussejar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "kanteti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "zumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "hyristä"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "zonzonar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "cantarolar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "nörgeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "quengeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "nag"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "joostern"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "lamenteren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "quengeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "quarken"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "importunar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "chatear"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "ring"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "ressoar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "soar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "drone"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "ressoar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "soar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bulgare",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "жужукам"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Breton",
      "lang_code": "br",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "boudal"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "botzinar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "brogir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "brunzir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "murmurar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "zumbar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "ronronear"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "canturrear"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Féroïen",
      "lang_code": "fo",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "surra"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "zumar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italien",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "ronzare"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "brommen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "razen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "snorren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "suizelen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "suizen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "tuiten"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "zoemen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Normand",
      "lang_code": "normand",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "cônaer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russe",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "жужжать"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Suédois",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "surra"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bourdonner"
}
{
  "anagrams": [
    {
      "word": "Noordburen"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Lemmes en français",
    "Lexique en français des cris d’animaux",
    "Mots en français issus d’un mot en ancien français",
    "Traductions en allemand",
    "Traductions en anglais",
    "Traductions en bas allemand",
    "Traductions en bulgare",
    "Traductions en catalan",
    "Traductions en espagnol",
    "Traductions en espéranto",
    "Traductions en finnois",
    "Traductions en grec ancien",
    "Traductions en normand",
    "Traductions en néerlandais",
    "Traductions en occitan",
    "Traductions en plodarisch",
    "Traductions en portugais",
    "Traductions en same du Nord",
    "Verbes du premier groupe en français",
    "Verbes en français",
    "Verbes intransitifs en français",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en breton",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en catalan",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en espagnol",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en féroïen",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en ido",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en italien",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en néerlandais",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en russe",
    "Wiktionnaire:Traductions à trier en suédois",
    "français"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bourdonnant"
    },
    {
      "word": "bourdonneur"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "(1390) De l’ancien français bordoner."
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bourdonner",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\a.vwaʁ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en bourdonnant",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɑ̃ buʁ.dɔ.nɑ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en ayant bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɑ̃.n‿ɛ.jɑ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonnant",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.nɑ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnons",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.nɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonnez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonnent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’ai bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿e buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu as bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty a buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on a bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous avons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿a.vɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous avez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿a.ve buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles ont bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonnait",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.njɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonniez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.nje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonnaient",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.nɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’avais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu avais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on avait bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous avions bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿a.vjɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous aviez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿a.vje buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles avaient bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿a.vɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnai",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnas",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.na\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonna",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.na\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnâmes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.nam\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonnâtes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.nat\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonnèrent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.nɛʁ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’eus bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu eus bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on eut bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous eûmes bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿ym buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous eûtes bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿yt buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles eurent bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿yʁ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past anterior"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnerai",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁe\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonneras",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁa\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonnera",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁa\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnerons",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonnerez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁe\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonneront",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’aurai bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿o.ʁe buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu auras bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty o.ʁa buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on aura bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁa buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous aurons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous aurez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿o.ʁe buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles auront bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "future perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que je bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒə buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu bourdonnes",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous bourdonnions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu buʁ.dɔ.njɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous bourdonniez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu buʁ.dɔ.nje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles bourdonnent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que j’aie bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒ‿ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu aies bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on ait bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous ayons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu.z‿ɛ.jɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous ayez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu.z‿ɛ.je buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles aient bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que je bourdonnasse",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒə buʁ.dɔ.nas\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu bourdonnasses",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty buʁ.dɔ.nas\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on bourdonnât",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.na\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous bourdonnassions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu buʁ.dɔ.na.sjɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous bourdonnassiez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu buʁ.dɔ.na.sje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles bourdonnassent",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.nas\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que j’eusse bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ʒ‿ys buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que tu eusses bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə ty ys buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’il/elle/on eût bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿y buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que nous eussions bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə nu.z‿y.sjɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "que vous eussiez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\kə vu.z‿y.sje buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "qu’ils/elles eussent bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\k‿[i/ɛ]l.z‿ys buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "subjunctive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je bourdonnerais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒə buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu bourdonnerais",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on bourdonnerait",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl/ɔ̃] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous bourdonnerions",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu buʁ.dɔ.nə.ʁjɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous bourdonneriez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu buʁ.dɔ.nə.ʁje\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles bourdonneraient",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[il/ɛl] buʁ.dɔ.n(ə.)ʁɛ\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "j’aurais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ʒ‿o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu aurais bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ty o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "il/elle/on aurait bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i.l/ɛ.l/ɔ̃.n]‿o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nous aurions bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\nu.z‿o.ʁjɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vous auriez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\vu.z‿o.ʁje buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ils/elles auraient bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\[i/ɛ]l.z‿o.ʁɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonne",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔn\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonnons",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.nɔ̃\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bourdonnez",
      "ipas": [
        "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aie bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɛ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayons bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɛ.jɔ̃ buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayez bourdonné",
      "ipas": [
        "\\ɛ.je buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
      ],
      "source": "Conjugaison:français/bourdonner",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Français",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "Verbe",
  "raw_tags": [
    "1ᵉʳ groupe"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Aloysius Bertrand, Gaspard de la nuit, 1842",
          "text": "Et soudain, au chocs des pots, aux grincements de la guitare, au rire des servantes, au brouhaha de la foule, succéda un silence à travers lequel eût bourdonné le vol d’une mouche."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Gustave Aimard, Les Trappeurs de l’Arkansas, Éditions Amyot, Paris, 1858",
          "text": "De cette façon, ils ne perdirent pas de vue les abeilles […] ; elles entrèrent après avoir bourdonné un moment, dans un trou situé à plus de quatre-vingts pieds du sol."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Académie française, Dictionnaire de l’Académie française, tomeI, 1835, page 216",
          "text": "Les colibris bourdonnent autour de cet arbrisseau."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Émettre un bourdonnement en parlant principalement des battements d’ailes des insectes, des petits oiseaux."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Tu m’as dit avoir éteint le moteur pourtant je l’entends bourdonner."
        },
        {
          "text": "Le sol bourdonne c’est à cause des travaux à proximité."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Pascal Quignard, La haine de la musique, Gallimard, 1996, collection Folio, page 276",
          "text": "La lumière a ses chants.\nC’est pour leur cri que j’aime les feux.\nAlors que les mèches des chandelles durant des siècles grésillèrent, le fil électrique bourdonne.\nPartout on retrouve ce bourdon propre à la lumière électrique dans le monde.\nC’est la « tonalité » du monde."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fait qu’un objet, qu’une machine, qu’une surface émette des vibrations plus ou moins sonores."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français",
        "Métaphores en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Genjiro Yoshida, La femme de Seisaku, traduit par Hiroto Kano et Ana Lazarée, édition Stalker, 2007, page 6",
          "text": "Lorsqu’elle passait, ils bourdonnaient de médisance."
        },
        {
          "ref": "Denis Diderot, La Religieuse, 1796",
          "text": "Je perdis la connaissance et le sentiment : j’entendais seulement bourdonner autour de moi des voix confuses et lointaines ; soit qu’elles parlassent, soit que les oreilles me tintassent, je ne distinguais rien que ce tintement qui durait."
        },
        {
          "text": "Quand il eut cessé de parler, on entendit bourdonner toute l’assemblée."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Quand un grand nombre de personnes émettent un murmure sourd et confus en discutant entre elles."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Les oreilles me bourdonnent ou alors j’ai les oreilles qui bourdonnent."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ressentir un bruit sourd et lancinant dans sa tête."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Métaphores en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "— Eh bien ! Ça bourdonne dans les locaux de la direction. Qu’est-ce qui se passe ?\n— Visite surprise de l’inspection du travail."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "S’agiter, bouillonner en parlant d’un lieu ou de personnes."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français",
        "Termes familiers en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Il bourdonne toujours quelques vieux airs."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fredonner une chanson à mi-voix entre ses dents."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "familiar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français",
        "Métaphores en français",
        "Termes familiers en français",
        "Termes péjoratifs en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Que venez-vous nous bourdonner sans cesse ?"
        },
        {
          "text": "Il nous bourdonne ses soucis mais peu l’écoutent."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Importuner par des paroles, des lamentations, des discours."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "familiar",
        "figuratively",
        "pejorative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français",
        "Lexique en français de la musique"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Association nationale pour favoriser les arts en Belgigue, La renaissance chronique des arts et de la littérature, tomeIII, 1841-1842, page 174",
          "text": "Les cloches bourdonnent sourdement dans la tour pour le moine qui vient d’expirer."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Faire résonner une cloche sans la sonner en branle."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français",
        "Lexique en français de la musique"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Deux cordes de la vielle bourdonnent un fond sonore car elles ne sont pas affectées par les touches contrairement aux autres qui servent à jouer la mélodie."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Émettre un bourdon."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\buʁ.dɔ.ne\\"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-bourdonner.ogg",
      "ipa": "buʁ.dɔ.ne",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/Fr-bourdonner.ogg/Fr-bourdonner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fr-bourdonner.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France (Vosges)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal-bourdonner.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France (Lyon)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-bourdonner.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Vosges (France)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-bourdonner.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-bourdonner.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-bourdonner.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-bourdonner.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-bourdonner.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
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      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-bourdonner.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdonnement",
      "word": "bobiner"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdonnement",
      "word": "zonzonner"
    },
    {
      "word": "zinzonner"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Suisse"
      ],
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdonnement",
      "word": "zonner"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "intransitive"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "buzz"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "buzz around"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "sirrsen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zumbar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "suhina"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Grec ancien",
      "lang_code": "grc",
      "roman": "bombízō",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "βομβίζω"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zoemen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "bronzinar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Plodarisch",
      "lang_code": "plodarisch",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "sumpern"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zumbir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des bourdonnements des ailes",
      "word": "zunir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Machine"
      ],
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "rumble"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Machine"
      ],
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "hum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "whir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "drone"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "surista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "hurista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "kuhmata"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "zoemen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "zonzonar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "zonzonejar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "tremer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "agitar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "vibrar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Same du Nord",
      "lang_code": "se",
      "sense": "Émettre des vibrations sonores",
      "word": "ráđaidit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "rumble"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "murmur"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "humista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre un murmure",
      "word": "zumbir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "sausen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "ring"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "susen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "senti orelzumadon"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Ressentir un bruit sans sa tête",
      "word": "zumbir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "tönen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "dröhnen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "buzz"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "tönen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "dröhnen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "kuhista"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "S’agiter, bouillonner",
      "word": "agitar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "hum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "murmeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "cantussejar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "kanteti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "zumi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "hyristä"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "zonzonar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Fredonner",
      "word": "cantarolar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "nörgeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "quengeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "nag"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "joostern"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "lamenteren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "quengeln"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "quarken"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "importunar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Importuner",
      "word": "chatear"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "ring"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "summen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "surren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "ressoar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Faire résonner une cloche",
      "word": "soar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "drone"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bas allemand",
      "lang_code": "nds",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "brummen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "ressoar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Émettre un bourdon",
      "word": "soar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bulgare",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "жужукам"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Breton",
      "lang_code": "br",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "boudal"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "botzinar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "brogir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "brunzir"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "murmurar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "zumbar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "ronronear"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espagnol",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "canturrear"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Féroïen",
      "lang_code": "fo",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "surra"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "zumar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italien",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "ronzare"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "brommen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "gonzen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "razen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "snorren"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "suizelen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "suizen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "tuiten"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Néerlandais",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "zoemen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Normand",
      "lang_code": "normand",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "cônaer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russe",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "жужжать"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Suédois",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense": "À trier",
      "word": "surra"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bourdonner"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bourdonner meaning in Français (34.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Français dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.