See nguyên in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for nguyên meaning in Vietnamese (14.4kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "元",
"t": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "元",
"2": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lzh",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese 元 (yuán)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 元 (yuán)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "viên"
},
"expansion": "viên",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "圓",
"tr": "yuán, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">viên</i>"
},
"expansion": "圓／圆 (yuán, viên)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "yuan",
"tr": "gen"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "former",
"tr": "moto-"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”), from Literary Chinese 元 (yuán). The monetary sense is from modern Mandarin 元 (yuán), which was artificially made into a simplified form of 圓／圆 (yuán, viên). Compare Sino-Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”) and native Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 23 12 24 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yuan"
],
"id": "en-nguyên-vi-noun-gCwDiviL",
"links": [
[
"yuan",
"yuan#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:Nguyên (đơn vị tiền tệ)"
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "元",
"t": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "元",
"2": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lzh",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese 元 (yuán)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 元 (yuán)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "viên"
},
"expansion": "viên",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "圓",
"tr": "yuán, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">viên</i>"
},
"expansion": "圓／圆 (yuán, viên)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "yuan",
"tr": "gen"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "former",
"tr": "moto-"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”), from Literary Chinese 元 (yuán). The monetary sense is from modern Mandarin 元 (yuán), which was artificially made into a simplified form of 圓／圆 (yuán, viên). Compare Sino-Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”) and native Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "prefix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 19 18 19 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "公元",
"english": "the Common Era",
"word": "Công Nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "解元",
"english": "(historical) first place provincial imperial exam winner",
"word": "giải nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "魁元",
"english": "(historical) first place imperial exam winner",
"word": "khôi nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "紀元",
"english": "(literary) age; era",
"word": "kỉ nguyên"
},
{
"english": "(military) a marshal",
"word": "nguyên soái"
},
{
"alt": "元年",
"english": "(historical) first year of an imperial era",
"word": "nguyên niên"
},
{
"alt": "元首",
"word": "nguyên thủ"
},
{
"alt": "元素",
"english": "chemical element",
"word": "nguyên tố"
},
{
"alt": "元音",
"english": "vowel",
"word": "nguyên âm"
},
{
"alt": "元旦",
"english": "(lunisolar) new year",
"word": "nguyên đán"
},
{
"english": "the Common Era (misconstruction)",
"word": "sau Công Nguyên"
},
{
"english": "Vietnamese Lunar New Year",
"word": "Tết Nguyên Đán"
},
{
"alt": "說一元",
"english": "(philosophy) monism",
"word": "thuyết nhất nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "次元",
"english": "dimensional",
"word": "thứ nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "狀元",
"english": "(history) a zhuangyuan",
"word": "trạng nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "多元",
"english": "pluralistic",
"word": "đa nguyên"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "former President…",
"text": "nguyên Chủ tịch nước…",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "former General Secretary…",
"text": "nguyên Tổng bí thư…",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"former"
],
"id": "en-nguyên-vi-prefix-KjZDBjXn",
"links": [
[
"officialese",
"officialese"
],
[
"former",
"former#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(officialese) former"
],
"tags": [
"bureaucratese",
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"officialese"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:Nguyên (đơn vị tiền tệ)"
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "plaintiff; prosecutor",
"word": "bên nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "平原",
"english": "(dated) plain",
"word": "bình nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "高原",
"english": "highland; plateau",
"word": "cao nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "抗原",
"english": "antigen",
"word": "kháng nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "whole-wheat",
"word": "nguyên cám"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"reason"
],
"topics": [
"cause"
],
"word": "nguyên cớ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "intact; whole; undamaged",
"word": "nguyên vẹn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原本",
"english": "original",
"word": "nguyên bản"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原質",
"english": "pure; unadulterated",
"word": "nguyên chất"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原告",
"english": "accuser; plaintiff",
"word": "nguyên cáo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原形",
"english": "original or true form",
"word": "nguyên hình"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原料",
"english": "raw material",
"word": "nguyên liệu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原理",
"english": "a principle",
"word": "nguyên lí"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原因",
"english": "cause; reason",
"word": "nguyên nhân"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原生",
"english": "primordial",
"word": "nguyên sinh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原初",
"english": "primordial; pristine",
"word": "nguyên sơ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原始",
"english": "(mythology, religion) primordial; primitive",
"word": "nguyên thuỷ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原則",
"english": "principle",
"word": "nguyên tắc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原子",
"english": "atom",
"word": "nguyên tử"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原文",
"english": "verbatim; sic",
"word": "nguyên văn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "原單",
"english": "plaintiff",
"word": "nguyên đơn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "integer",
"word": "số nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "太原",
"english": "Thai Nguyen",
"word": "Thái Nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "草原",
"english": "grassland; steppe",
"word": "thảo nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "中原",
"english": "(rare) central plains; China",
"word": "trung nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "西原",
"english": "Central Highlands",
"word": "Tây Nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "依原",
"english": "intact; unchanged",
"word": "y nguyên"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "苔原",
"english": "tundra",
"word": "đài nguyên"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "原",
"t": "origin"
},
"expansion": "原 (“origin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "原",
"2": "origin"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 原 (“origin”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 原 (“origin”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 19 18 19 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 23 12 24 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The money you sent is still all there.",
"text": "Tiền mày gửi vẫn còn nguyên.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intact or unchanged"
],
"id": "en-nguyên-vi-adj-qymA5Rpb",
"links": [
[
"intact",
"intact#English"
],
[
"unchanged",
"unchanged#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Arithmetic",
"orig": "vi:Arithmetic",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Number theory",
"orig": "vi:Number theory",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 19 18 19 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 23 12 24 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an integer",
"text": "số nguyên",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the integral part of a decimal fraction",
"text": "phần nguyên",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"integral"
],
"id": "en-nguyên-vi-adj-GiD21VEO",
"links": [
[
"number theory",
"number theory"
],
[
"arithmetic",
"arithmetic"
],
[
"integral",
"integral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(number theory, arithmetic) integral"
],
"topics": [
"arithmetic",
"mathematics",
"number-theory",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "vi:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 19 18 19 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 23 12 24 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 21 34 11 4 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 25 34 9 4 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"related to the plaintiff"
],
"id": "en-nguyên-vi-adj-SCFbqvtc",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"plaintiff",
"plaintiff#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) related to the plaintiff"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Central Highlands",
"Thai Nguyen"
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "源",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "源",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "源"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 源",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "nguồn"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of nguồn",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 源. Doublet of nguồn.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "affix",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-affix"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 19 18 19 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 23 12 24 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "根源",
"english": "origin; source; initial cause",
"word": "căn nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "異源",
"english": "allergen; antigen",
"word": "dị nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "來源",
"english": "source",
"word": "lai nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "語源",
"english": "(linguistics, account) etymology",
"word": "ngữ nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "財源",
"english": "resources",
"word": "tài nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "詞源",
"english": "(linguistics, account) etymology",
"word": "từ nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "辭源",
"english": "(linguistics, account) etymology",
"word": "từ nguyên"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spring; source"
],
"id": "en-nguyên-vi-affix-MD7iX3jp",
"links": [
[
"spring",
"spring"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "cố"
},
{
"english": "(grammar) infinitive",
"word": "nguyên mẫu"
},
{
"english": "birthplace; native land",
"word": "nguyên quán"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese affixes",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese prefixes",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Literary Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Mandarin",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "元",
"t": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "元",
"2": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lzh",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese 元 (yuán)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 元 (yuán)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "viên"
},
"expansion": "viên",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "圓",
"tr": "yuán, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">viên</i>"
},
"expansion": "圓／圆 (yuán, viên)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "yuan",
"tr": "gen"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "former",
"tr": "moto-"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”), from Literary Chinese 元 (yuán). The monetary sense is from modern Mandarin 元 (yuán), which was artificially made into a simplified form of 圓／圆 (yuán, viên). Compare Sino-Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”) and native Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"yuan"
],
"links": [
[
"yuan",
"yuan#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:Nguyên (đơn vị tiền tệ)"
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese affixes",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese prefixes",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Literary Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Mandarin",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "公元",
"english": "the Common Era",
"word": "Công Nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "解元",
"english": "(historical) first place provincial imperial exam winner",
"word": "giải nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "魁元",
"english": "(historical) first place imperial exam winner",
"word": "khôi nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "紀元",
"english": "(literary) age; era",
"word": "kỉ nguyên"
},
{
"english": "(military) a marshal",
"word": "nguyên soái"
},
{
"alt": "元年",
"english": "(historical) first year of an imperial era",
"word": "nguyên niên"
},
{
"alt": "元首",
"word": "nguyên thủ"
},
{
"alt": "元素",
"english": "chemical element",
"word": "nguyên tố"
},
{
"alt": "元音",
"english": "vowel",
"word": "nguyên âm"
},
{
"alt": "元旦",
"english": "(lunisolar) new year",
"word": "nguyên đán"
},
{
"english": "the Common Era (misconstruction)",
"word": "sau Công Nguyên"
},
{
"english": "Vietnamese Lunar New Year",
"word": "Tết Nguyên Đán"
},
{
"alt": "說一元",
"english": "(philosophy) monism",
"word": "thuyết nhất nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "次元",
"english": "dimensional",
"word": "thứ nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "狀元",
"english": "(history) a zhuangyuan",
"word": "trạng nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "多元",
"english": "pluralistic",
"word": "đa nguyên"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "元",
"t": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "元",
"2": "first; former"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lzh",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese 元 (yuán)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "元"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 元 (yuán)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "viên"
},
"expansion": "viên",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "圓",
"tr": "yuán, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">viên</i>"
},
"expansion": "圓／圆 (yuán, viên)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "yuan",
"tr": "gen"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "元",
"3": "",
"4": "former",
"tr": "moto-"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 元 (“first; former”), from Literary Chinese 元 (yuán). The monetary sense is from modern Mandarin 元 (yuán), which was artificially made into a simplified form of 圓／圆 (yuán, viên). Compare Sino-Japanese 元 (gen, “yuan”) and native Japanese 元 (moto-, “former”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "prefix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese officialese terms",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "former President…",
"text": "nguyên Chủ tịch nước…",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "former General Secretary…",
"text": "nguyên Tổng bí thư…",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"former"
],
"links": [
[
"officialese",
"officialese"
],
[
"former",
"former#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(officialese) former"
],
"tags": [
"bureaucratese",
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"officialese"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:Nguyên (đơn vị tiền tệ)"
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese affixes",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "plaintiff; prosecutor",
"word": "bên nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "平原",
"english": "(dated) plain",
"word": "bình nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "高原",
"english": "highland; plateau",
"word": "cao nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "抗原",
"english": "antigen",
"word": "kháng nguyên"
},
{
"english": "whole-wheat",
"word": "nguyên cám"
},
{
"tags": [
"reason"
],
"topics": [
"cause"
],
"word": "nguyên cớ"
},
{
"english": "intact; whole; undamaged",
"word": "nguyên vẹn"
},
{
"alt": "原本",
"english": "original",
"word": "nguyên bản"
},
{
"alt": "原質",
"english": "pure; unadulterated",
"word": "nguyên chất"
},
{
"alt": "原告",
"english": "accuser; plaintiff",
"word": "nguyên cáo"
},
{
"alt": "原形",
"english": "original or true form",
"word": "nguyên hình"
},
{
"alt": "原料",
"english": "raw material",
"word": "nguyên liệu"
},
{
"alt": "原理",
"english": "a principle",
"word": "nguyên lí"
},
{
"alt": "原因",
"english": "cause; reason",
"word": "nguyên nhân"
},
{
"alt": "原生",
"english": "primordial",
"word": "nguyên sinh"
},
{
"alt": "原初",
"english": "primordial; pristine",
"word": "nguyên sơ"
},
{
"alt": "原始",
"english": "(mythology, religion) primordial; primitive",
"word": "nguyên thuỷ"
},
{
"alt": "原則",
"english": "principle",
"word": "nguyên tắc"
},
{
"alt": "原子",
"english": "atom",
"word": "nguyên tử"
},
{
"alt": "原文",
"english": "verbatim; sic",
"word": "nguyên văn"
},
{
"alt": "原單",
"english": "plaintiff",
"word": "nguyên đơn"
},
{
"english": "integer",
"word": "số nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "太原",
"english": "Thai Nguyen",
"word": "Thái Nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "草原",
"english": "grassland; steppe",
"word": "thảo nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "中原",
"english": "(rare) central plains; China",
"word": "trung nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "西原",
"english": "Central Highlands",
"word": "Tây Nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "依原",
"english": "intact; unchanged",
"word": "y nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "苔原",
"english": "tundra",
"word": "đài nguyên"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "原",
"t": "origin"
},
"expansion": "原 (“origin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "原",
"2": "origin"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 原 (“origin”)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 原 (“origin”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The money you sent is still all there.",
"text": "Tiền mày gửi vẫn còn nguyên.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intact or unchanged"
],
"links": [
[
"intact",
"intact#English"
],
[
"unchanged",
"unchanged#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples",
"vi:Arithmetic",
"vi:Number theory"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an integer",
"text": "số nguyên",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the integral part of a decimal fraction",
"text": "phần nguyên",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"integral"
],
"links": [
[
"number theory",
"number theory"
],
[
"arithmetic",
"arithmetic"
],
[
"integral",
"integral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(number theory, arithmetic) integral"
],
"topics": [
"arithmetic",
"mathematics",
"number-theory",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"vi:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"related to the plaintiff"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"plaintiff",
"plaintiff#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) related to the plaintiff"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Central Highlands",
"Thai Nguyen"
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese affixes",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "根源",
"english": "origin; source; initial cause",
"word": "căn nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "異源",
"english": "allergen; antigen",
"word": "dị nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "來源",
"english": "source",
"word": "lai nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "語源",
"english": "(linguistics, account) etymology",
"word": "ngữ nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "財源",
"english": "resources",
"word": "tài nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "詞源",
"english": "(linguistics, account) etymology",
"word": "từ nguyên"
},
{
"alt": "辭源",
"english": "(linguistics, account) etymology",
"word": "từ nguyên"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "源",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "源",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "源"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 源",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "nguồn"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of nguồn",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 源. Doublet of nguồn.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "affix",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nguyên",
"name": "vi-affix"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "affix",
"related": [
{
"word": "cố"
},
{
"english": "(grammar) infinitive",
"word": "nguyên mẫu"
},
{
"english": "birthplace; native land",
"word": "nguyên quán"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"spring; source"
],
"links": [
[
"spring",
"spring"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiən˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ŋwiəŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Southern",
"Vietnam",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "nguơn"
}
],
"word": "nguyên"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.