See già in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for già meaning in Vietnamese (14.2kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "trẻ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "già"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese già",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raː"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raː",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "*kraʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*(k)rah"
},
"expansion": "*(k)rah",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khà"
},
"expansion": "Muong khà",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tho",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "kră"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar kră",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tra"
},
"expansion": "tra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-r"
},
"expansion": "*k-r",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-l"
},
"expansion": "*k-l",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sâu"
},
"expansion": "sâu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trâu",
"3": "",
"4": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "trâu (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sừng"
},
"expansion": "sừng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trừng",
"3": "",
"4": "horn"
},
"expansion": "trừng (“horn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giòi",
"3": "",
"4": "maggot"
},
"expansion": "giòi (“maggot”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giữa",
"3": "",
"4": "middle"
},
"expansion": "giữa (“middle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Vietnamese già, from Proto-Vietic *k-raː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ ~ *(k)rah. Cognate with Muong khà, Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰraː¹, Bahnar kră. Compare also Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects tra.\nThe standard written Vietnamese form is irregular (the expected form would be **sa), while the North Central form shows the shift from *k-r to *k-l observable in several other instances: compare sâu and trâu (“caterpillar”), sừng and trừng (“horn”). See giòi (“maggot”), giữa (“middle”) for other instances of mainstream Vietnamese ‹gi› from initial *k-r.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𦓅",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫅷",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𦓅, 𫅷"
},
"expansion": "già • (𦓅, 𫅷)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𦓅, 𫅷"
},
"expansion": "già • (𦓅, 𫅷)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già cả"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già chát"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già cỗi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già dặn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già khằn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già khọm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già khú"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già khú đế"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già néo đứt dây"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già nua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cũ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lão"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 5 32 0 1 0 28 0 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "vi:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to make way for the elderly",
"text": "nhường bước người già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "old chickens have leathery meat",
"text": "gà già thịt dai",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "old tree",
"text": "cây già",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old; compare cũ (of objects)"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-adj-8Hu1K-ka",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"cũ",
"cũ#Vietnamese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of lifeforms) old; compare cũ (of objects)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of lifeforms"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 16 9 8 22 7 18 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an old face (ie. with wrinkles)",
"text": "mặt già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to search for a woman with an old voice to voice the role of an old woman (ie. someone whose voice sounds like an old person)",
"text": "tìm một chị tiếng già để đóng vai bà lão",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to worry too much and thus age too soon",
"text": "lo nghĩ nhiều nên già trước tuổi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having the characteristics of appearances of an old person although not that old"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-adj-Qswd2DeT"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 5 32 0 1 0 28 0 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "vi:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "veteran teacher",
"text": "thầy già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He is my old friend.",
"text": "Cậu ta là bạn già của mình.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Not even 40 years old but already a Party veteran.",
"text": "Chưa đến bốn mươi nhưng đã già tuổi Đảng.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"veteran, experienced, longtime"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-adj-OH72XDy4",
"links": [
[
"veteran",
"veteran"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced"
],
[
"longtime",
"longtime"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "overripe areca nut",
"text": "cau già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "overripe gourd",
"text": "bầu già",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"overripe"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-adj-MsSOUXd5",
"links": [
[
"overripe",
"overripe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 14 3 17 37 12 6 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 16 9 8 22 7 18 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 6 14 28 10 17 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 13 4 12 28 9 10 20 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "vi:Card games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "too-warm water",
"text": "nước nóng già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to scare someone and make them give in",
"text": "dọa già dọa non",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hydrogen peroxide",
"text": "nước ô-xi già",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"above average, more than normal"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-adj-QBUbBN3N",
"links": [
[
"above average",
"above average"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "over by one meter",
"text": "già một thước",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "scoop just over one dou",
"text": "lấy già một đấu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slightly excessive, over"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-adj-~pGsF2hc",
"links": [
[
"excessive",
"excessive"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Central",
"North",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "tra"
}
],
"word": "già"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "già"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese già",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raː"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raː",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "*kraʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*(k)rah"
},
"expansion": "*(k)rah",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khà"
},
"expansion": "Muong khà",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tho",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "kră"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar kră",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tra"
},
"expansion": "tra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-r"
},
"expansion": "*k-r",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-l"
},
"expansion": "*k-l",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sâu"
},
"expansion": "sâu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trâu",
"3": "",
"4": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "trâu (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sừng"
},
"expansion": "sừng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trừng",
"3": "",
"4": "horn"
},
"expansion": "trừng (“horn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giòi",
"3": "",
"4": "maggot"
},
"expansion": "giòi (“maggot”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giữa",
"3": "",
"4": "middle"
},
"expansion": "giữa (“middle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Vietnamese già, from Proto-Vietic *k-raː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ ~ *(k)rah. Cognate with Muong khà, Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰraː¹, Bahnar kră. Compare also Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects tra.\nThe standard written Vietnamese form is irregular (the expected form would be **sa), while the North Central form shows the shift from *k-r to *k-l observable in several other instances: compare sâu and trâu (“caterpillar”), sừng and trừng (“horn”). See giòi (“maggot”), giữa (“middle”) for other instances of mainstream Vietnamese ‹gi› from initial *k-r.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Thank you, elder.",
"text": "Cám ơn già.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me/you, a village/tribe elder or elderly person"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-pron-yO9BWCUi",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
],
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"tribe",
"tribe"
],
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"elderly",
"elderly"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or dialectal) I/me/you, a village/tribe elder or elderly person"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Central",
"North",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "tra"
}
],
"word": "già"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "già"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese già",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raː"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raː",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "*kraʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*(k)rah"
},
"expansion": "*(k)rah",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khà"
},
"expansion": "Muong khà",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tho",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "kră"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar kră",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tra"
},
"expansion": "tra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-r"
},
"expansion": "*k-r",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-l"
},
"expansion": "*k-l",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sâu"
},
"expansion": "sâu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trâu",
"3": "",
"4": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "trâu (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sừng"
},
"expansion": "sừng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trừng",
"3": "",
"4": "horn"
},
"expansion": "trừng (“horn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giòi",
"3": "",
"4": "maggot"
},
"expansion": "giòi (“maggot”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giữa",
"3": "",
"4": "middle"
},
"expansion": "giữa (“middle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Vietnamese già, from Proto-Vietic *k-raː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ ~ *(k)rah. Cognate with Muong khà, Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰraː¹, Bahnar kră. Compare also Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects tra.\nThe standard written Vietnamese form is irregular (the expected form would be **sa), while the North Central form shows the shift from *k-r to *k-l observable in several other instances: compare sâu and trâu (“caterpillar”), sừng and trừng (“horn”). See giòi (“maggot”), giữa (“middle”) for other instances of mainstream Vietnamese ‹gi› from initial *k-r.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "át"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "xì"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "heo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bốn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "năm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sáu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bảy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tám"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chín"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mười"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bồi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "đầm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "phăng teo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 16 9 8 22 7 18 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 32 0 1 0 28 0 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "vi:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder, old person"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-noun-zIBttLBJ",
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(familiar) elder, old person"
],
"tags": [
"familiar"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "vi:Card games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"id": "en-già-vi-noun-6B3-aYQa",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Central",
"North",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "tra"
}
],
"word": "già"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "trẻ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"vi:Age",
"vi:Card games"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "già"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese già",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raː"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raː",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "*kraʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*(k)rah"
},
"expansion": "*(k)rah",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khà"
},
"expansion": "Muong khà",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tho",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "kră"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar kră",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tra"
},
"expansion": "tra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-r"
},
"expansion": "*k-r",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-l"
},
"expansion": "*k-l",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sâu"
},
"expansion": "sâu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trâu",
"3": "",
"4": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "trâu (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sừng"
},
"expansion": "sừng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trừng",
"3": "",
"4": "horn"
},
"expansion": "trừng (“horn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giòi",
"3": "",
"4": "maggot"
},
"expansion": "giòi (“maggot”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giữa",
"3": "",
"4": "middle"
},
"expansion": "giữa (“middle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Vietnamese già, from Proto-Vietic *k-raː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ ~ *(k)rah. Cognate with Muong khà, Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰraː¹, Bahnar kră. Compare also Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects tra.\nThe standard written Vietnamese form is irregular (the expected form would be **sa), while the North Central form shows the shift from *k-r to *k-l observable in several other instances: compare sâu and trâu (“caterpillar”), sừng and trừng (“horn”). See giòi (“maggot”), giữa (“middle”) for other instances of mainstream Vietnamese ‹gi› from initial *k-r.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𦓅",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫅷",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𦓅, 𫅷"
},
"expansion": "già • (𦓅, 𫅷)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𦓅, 𫅷"
},
"expansion": "già • (𦓅, 𫅷)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "già cả"
},
{
"word": "già chát"
},
{
"word": "già cỗi"
},
{
"word": "già dặn"
},
{
"word": "già khằn"
},
{
"word": "già khọm"
},
{
"word": "già khú"
},
{
"word": "già khú đế"
},
{
"word": "già néo đứt dây"
},
{
"word": "già nua"
},
{
"word": "cũ"
},
{
"word": "lão"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to make way for the elderly",
"text": "nhường bước người già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "old chickens have leathery meat",
"text": "gà già thịt dai",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "old tree",
"text": "cây già",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old; compare cũ (of objects)"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"cũ",
"cũ#Vietnamese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of lifeforms) old; compare cũ (of objects)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of lifeforms"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an old face (ie. with wrinkles)",
"text": "mặt già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to search for a woman with an old voice to voice the role of an old woman (ie. someone whose voice sounds like an old person)",
"text": "tìm một chị tiếng già để đóng vai bà lão",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to worry too much and thus age too soon",
"text": "lo nghĩ nhiều nên già trước tuổi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"having the characteristics of appearances of an old person although not that old"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "veteran teacher",
"text": "thầy già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He is my old friend.",
"text": "Cậu ta là bạn già của mình.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Not even 40 years old but already a Party veteran.",
"text": "Chưa đến bốn mươi nhưng đã già tuổi Đảng.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"veteran, experienced, longtime"
],
"links": [
[
"veteran",
"veteran"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced"
],
[
"longtime",
"longtime"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "overripe areca nut",
"text": "cau già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "overripe gourd",
"text": "bầu già",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"overripe"
],
"links": [
[
"overripe",
"overripe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "too-warm water",
"text": "nước nóng già",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to scare someone and make them give in",
"text": "dọa già dọa non",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hydrogen peroxide",
"text": "nước ô-xi già",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"above average, more than normal"
],
"links": [
[
"above average",
"above average"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "over by one meter",
"text": "già một thước",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "scoop just over one dou",
"text": "lấy già một đấu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slightly excessive, over"
],
"links": [
[
"excessive",
"excessive"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Central",
"North",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "tra"
}
],
"word": "già"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"vi:Age",
"vi:Card games"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "già"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese già",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raː"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raː",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "*kraʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*(k)rah"
},
"expansion": "*(k)rah",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khà"
},
"expansion": "Muong khà",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tho",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "kră"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar kră",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tra"
},
"expansion": "tra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-r"
},
"expansion": "*k-r",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-l"
},
"expansion": "*k-l",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sâu"
},
"expansion": "sâu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trâu",
"3": "",
"4": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "trâu (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sừng"
},
"expansion": "sừng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trừng",
"3": "",
"4": "horn"
},
"expansion": "trừng (“horn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giòi",
"3": "",
"4": "maggot"
},
"expansion": "giòi (“maggot”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giữa",
"3": "",
"4": "middle"
},
"expansion": "giữa (“middle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Vietnamese già, from Proto-Vietic *k-raː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ ~ *(k)rah. Cognate with Muong khà, Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰraː¹, Bahnar kră. Compare also Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects tra.\nThe standard written Vietnamese form is irregular (the expected form would be **sa), while the North Central form shows the shift from *k-r to *k-l observable in several other instances: compare sâu and trâu (“caterpillar”), sừng and trừng (“horn”). See giòi (“maggot”), giữa (“middle”) for other instances of mainstream Vietnamese ‹gi› from initial *k-r.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "vi-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese dialectal terms",
"Vietnamese literary terms",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Thank you, elder.",
"text": "Cám ơn già.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I/me/you, a village/tribe elder or elderly person"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
],
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"tribe",
"tribe"
],
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"elderly",
"elderly"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or dialectal) I/me/you, a village/tribe elder or elderly person"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Central",
"North",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "tra"
}
],
"word": "già"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese pronouns",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"vi:Age",
"vi:Card games"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "già"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese già",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raː"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raː",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "*kraʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*(k)rah"
},
"expansion": "*(k)rah",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khà"
},
"expansion": "Muong khà",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tho",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "kră"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar kră",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tra"
},
"expansion": "tra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-r"
},
"expansion": "*k-r",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-l"
},
"expansion": "*k-l",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sâu"
},
"expansion": "sâu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trâu",
"3": "",
"4": "caterpillar"
},
"expansion": "trâu (“caterpillar”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sừng"
},
"expansion": "sừng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trừng",
"3": "",
"4": "horn"
},
"expansion": "trừng (“horn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giòi",
"3": "",
"4": "maggot"
},
"expansion": "giòi (“maggot”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giữa",
"3": "",
"4": "middle"
},
"expansion": "giữa (“middle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Vietnamese già, from Proto-Vietic *k-raː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ ~ *(k)rah. Cognate with Muong khà, Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰraː¹, Bahnar kră. Compare also Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects tra.\nThe standard written Vietnamese form is irregular (the expected form would be **sa), while the North Central form shows the shift from *k-r to *k-l observable in several other instances: compare sâu and trâu (“caterpillar”), sừng and trừng (“horn”). See giòi (“maggot”), giữa (“middle”) for other instances of mainstream Vietnamese ‹gi› from initial *k-r.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "già",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "át"
},
{
"word": "xì"
},
{
"word": "heo"
},
{
"word": "hai"
},
{
"word": "ba"
},
{
"word": "bốn"
},
{
"word": "năm"
},
{
"word": "sáu"
},
{
"word": "bảy"
},
{
"word": "tám"
},
{
"word": "chín"
},
{
"word": "mười"
},
{
"word": "bồi"
},
{
"word": "đầm"
},
{
"word": "phăng teo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese familiar terms"
],
"glosses": [
"elder, old person"
],
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(familiar) elder, old person"
],
"tags": [
"familiar"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"vi:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˦˩]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jaː˨˩]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Central",
"North",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "tra"
}
],
"word": "già"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.