See grex in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ēgregius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gregālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gregārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gregātim"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"tags": [
"Campidanese"
],
"word": "arréi"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grege"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "gregge"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "grec"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"tags": [
"Gascon"
],
"word": "grey"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grea"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "gree"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grea"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "gree"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "grey"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "grey"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "greggio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "grezzo"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*gregius"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grigjë"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grigj"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grex"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "graí"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "griagh"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "greigh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "graig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "gre"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "gre"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "gre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "gre"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷregs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *gʷregs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷreg-",
"t": "group, herd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷreg- (“group, herd”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"t": "to gather, assemble",
"tr": "haṃ-grīs"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese [script needed] (haṃ-grīs, “to gather, assemble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γάργαρα",
"t": "heaps, lots (of people, etc.)"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γάργαρα (gárgara, “heaps, lots (of people, etc.)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gurguole",
"3": "",
"4": "mass, crowd"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gurguole (“mass, crowd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*greg-",
"t": "group, herd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“group, herd”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ger-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ger-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ger-",
"t": "gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gre",
"3": "",
"4": "herd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gre (“herd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "graig",
"t": "horses"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish graig (“horses”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gregi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gregi-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*br-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *br-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brātus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brātus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*krimmaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krimmaną",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "гръсть",
"3": "",
"4": "handful"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic гръсть (grŭstĭ, “handful”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\nDe Vaan 2008 reconstructs Proto-Italic *gʷregs and Proto-Indo-European *gʷreg- (“group, herd”), and assumes it is cognate to Khotanese [script needed] (haṃ-grīs, “to gather, assemble”). A variant form of the same root, *g(ʷ)reg(ʷ)-, may possibly be the source of Ancient Greek γάργαρα (gárgara, “heaps, lots (of people, etc.)”) and Lithuanian gurguole (“mass, crowd”) and gurgulys (“chaos, confusion”). In contrast, Beekes views the Greek and Lithuanian terms as independent onomatopoeic formations, not cognates of each other.\nMatasović 2009 alternatively reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“group, herd”), suggesting this comes from Proto-Indo-European *ger- or Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“gather”). This reconstruction is based on treating grex and γάργαρα (gárgara) as cognates to Welsh gre (“herd”) and Old Irish graig (“horses”), from Proto-Celtic *gregi-: this cannot be inherited from a root starting with *gʷr-, since that would yield Proto-Celtic *br- (as in Proto-Celtic *brātus). However, it is debated whether the Celtic terms are cognate to or borrowed from Latin grex. Schrijver considers a connection with *h₂ger- doubtful but not completely impossible. Compare gremium and Proto-Germanic *krimmaną as other potential derivatives of *h₂ger-.\nAnother potential cognate is Old Church Slavonic гръсть (grŭstĭ, “handful”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gregis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregēs",
"links": [
[
"gregēs",
"greges#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gregis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gregī",
"links": [
[
"gregī",
"gregi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gregem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregēs",
"links": [
[
"gregēs",
"greges#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grege",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gregēs",
"links": [
[
"gregēs",
"greges#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grex/greg<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "grex m (genitive gregis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pecus"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grex/greg<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gregō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 24 13 6 11 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 17 17 4 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 6 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 18 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a group of smaller animals: a flock (of birds, sheep, etc.), a pack (of dogs, wolves, etc.), a swarm (of insects), etc."
],
"id": "en-grex-la-noun-OTER7KzM",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"pack",
"pack"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) a group of smaller animals: a flock (of birds, sheep, etc.), a pack (of dogs, wolves, etc.), a swarm (of insects), etc."
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 15 17 17 4 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 6 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 18 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a similar group of other things"
],
"id": "en-grex-la-noun-~gDvDXbU",
"links": [
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) a similar group of other things"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"word": "acervus"
},
{
"word": "massa"
},
{
"word": "mōlēs"
},
{
"word": "multitūdō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 21 18 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a group of people: a crowd, a clique, a company, a band, a troop, etc."
],
"id": "en-grex-la-noun-Bw4-kBiT",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
],
[
"clique",
"clique"
],
[
"company",
"company"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "multitūdō"
},
{
"word": "turba"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "la:Sports",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 17 17 4 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 6 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 18 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a team of charioteers."
],
"id": "en-grex-la-noun-QaDAqJBX",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"team",
"team"
],
[
"charioteer",
"charioteer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) a team of charioteers."
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Theater",
"orig": "la:Theater",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 17 17 4 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 21 6 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 18 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a troupe of actors."
],
"id": "en-grex-la-noun-BiLsa7JF",
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"troupe",
"troupe"
],
[
"actor",
"actor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) a troupe of actors."
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrɛks]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrɛks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "grex"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Khotanese terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ēgregius"
},
{
"word": "gregālis"
},
{
"word": "gregārius"
},
{
"word": "gregātim"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"tags": [
"Campidanese"
],
"word": "arréi"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grege"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "gregge"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "grec"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"tags": [
"Gascon"
],
"word": "grey"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grea"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "gree"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grea"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "grei"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "gree"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "grey"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "grey"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "greggio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "grezzo"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*gregius"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grigjë"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grigj"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grex"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "graí"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "griagh"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "greigh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "graig"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "gre"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "gre"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "gre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "gre"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷregs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *gʷregs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷreg-",
"t": "group, herd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷreg- (“group, herd”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"t": "to gather, assemble",
"tr": "haṃ-grīs"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese [script needed] (haṃ-grīs, “to gather, assemble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γάργαρα",
"t": "heaps, lots (of people, etc.)"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γάργαρα (gárgara, “heaps, lots (of people, etc.)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gurguole",
"3": "",
"4": "mass, crowd"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gurguole (“mass, crowd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*greg-",
"t": "group, herd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“group, herd”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ger-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ger-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ger-",
"t": "gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gre",
"3": "",
"4": "herd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gre (“herd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "graig",
"t": "horses"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish graig (“horses”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gregi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gregi-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*br-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *br-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brātus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brātus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*krimmaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krimmaną",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "гръсть",
"3": "",
"4": "handful"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic гръсть (grŭstĭ, “handful”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\nDe Vaan 2008 reconstructs Proto-Italic *gʷregs and Proto-Indo-European *gʷreg- (“group, herd”), and assumes it is cognate to Khotanese [script needed] (haṃ-grīs, “to gather, assemble”). A variant form of the same root, *g(ʷ)reg(ʷ)-, may possibly be the source of Ancient Greek γάργαρα (gárgara, “heaps, lots (of people, etc.)”) and Lithuanian gurguole (“mass, crowd”) and gurgulys (“chaos, confusion”). In contrast, Beekes views the Greek and Lithuanian terms as independent onomatopoeic formations, not cognates of each other.\nMatasović 2009 alternatively reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“group, herd”), suggesting this comes from Proto-Indo-European *ger- or Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“gather”). This reconstruction is based on treating grex and γάργαρα (gárgara) as cognates to Welsh gre (“herd”) and Old Irish graig (“horses”), from Proto-Celtic *gregi-: this cannot be inherited from a root starting with *gʷr-, since that would yield Proto-Celtic *br- (as in Proto-Celtic *brātus). However, it is debated whether the Celtic terms are cognate to or borrowed from Latin grex. Schrijver considers a connection with *h₂ger- doubtful but not completely impossible. Compare gremium and Proto-Germanic *krimmaną as other potential derivatives of *h₂ger-.\nAnother potential cognate is Old Church Slavonic гръсть (grŭstĭ, “handful”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gregis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregēs",
"links": [
[
"gregēs",
"greges#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gregis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gregī",
"links": [
[
"gregī",
"gregi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gregem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregēs",
"links": [
[
"gregēs",
"greges#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grege",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gregibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gregēs",
"links": [
[
"gregēs",
"greges#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grex/greg<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "grex m (genitive gregis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "pecus"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grex/greg<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gregō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"a group of smaller animals: a flock (of birds, sheep, etc.), a pack (of dogs, wolves, etc.), a swarm (of insects), etc."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"pack",
"pack"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) a group of smaller animals: a flock (of birds, sheep, etc.), a pack (of dogs, wolves, etc.), a swarm (of insects), etc."
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a similar group of other things"
],
"links": [
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) a similar group of other things"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"word": "acervus"
},
{
"word": "massa"
},
{
"word": "mōlēs"
},
{
"word": "multitūdō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a group of people: a crowd, a clique, a company, a band, a troop, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
],
[
"clique",
"clique"
],
[
"company",
"company"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "multitūdō"
},
{
"word": "turba"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Sports"
],
"glosses": [
"a team of charioteers."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"team",
"team"
],
[
"charioteer",
"charioteer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) a team of charioteers."
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Theater"
],
"glosses": [
"a troupe of actors."
],
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"troupe",
"troupe"
],
[
"actor",
"actor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) a troupe of actors."
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrɛks]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡrɛks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "grex"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grex meaning in Latin (10.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.