See cumulus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cumulō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "comulgu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "comuelgu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "cogüelmu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "cogolmu"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cúmul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "comble"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "cumolo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "cômoro"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "combro"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cúmulo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "cúmulo"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*kuml"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "gom"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "colmo"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "koúlouma",
"word": "κούλουμα"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*culumus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱu-m-olo",
"t": "heap"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱu-m-olo (“heap”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κῦμᾰ",
"t": "swell, wave"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κῦμᾰ (kûmă, “swell, wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "saunas",
"t": "firm, fit, solid, capable"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian saunas (“firm, fit, solid, capable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्वयति",
"t": "swell"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्वयति (śvayati, “swell”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱu-m-olo (“heap”), from *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”); see also Ancient Greek κῦμᾰ (kûmă, “swell, wave”), Lithuanian saunas (“firm, fit, solid, capable”), and Sanskrit श्वयति (śvayati, “swell”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cumulī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cumulus<2>"
},
"expansion": "cumulus m (genitive cumulī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cumulus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "71 25 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heap, pile"
],
"id": "en-cumulus-la-noun-~wJUDqAI",
"links": [
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "acervus"
},
{
"word": "moles"
},
{
"word": "massa"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 43 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surplus"
],
"id": "en-cumulus-la-noun-G9MFySm6",
"links": [
[
"surplus",
"surplus"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"summit"
],
"id": "en-cumulus-la-noun-E5hKTn4O",
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊ.mʊ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkuː.mu.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cumulus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cumulō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "comulgu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "comuelgu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "cogüelmu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "cogolmu"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cúmul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "comble"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "comble"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "cumolo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "cômoro"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "combro"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cúmulo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "cúmulo"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*kuml"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cumulus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "gom"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "colmo"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "koúlouma",
"word": "κούλουμα"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*culumus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱu-m-olo",
"t": "heap"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱu-m-olo (“heap”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κῦμᾰ",
"t": "swell, wave"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κῦμᾰ (kûmă, “swell, wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "saunas",
"t": "firm, fit, solid, capable"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian saunas (“firm, fit, solid, capable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्वयति",
"t": "swell"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्वयति (śvayati, “swell”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱu-m-olo (“heap”), from *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”); see also Ancient Greek κῦμᾰ (kûmă, “swell, wave”), Lithuanian saunas (“firm, fit, solid, capable”), and Sanskrit श्वयति (śvayati, “swell”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cumulī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cumule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cumulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cumulus<2>"
},
"expansion": "cumulus m (genitive cumulī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cumulus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"heap, pile"
],
"links": [
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "acervus"
},
{
"word": "moles"
},
{
"word": "massa"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"surplus"
],
"links": [
[
"surplus",
"surplus"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"summit"
],
"links": [
[
"summit",
"summit"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊ.mʊ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkuː.mu.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cumulus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cumulus meaning in Latin (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.