See 国 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 国 meaning in Japanese (13.2kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "國",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "国威"
},
{
"word": "国運"
},
{
"roman": "kokueki",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"益",
"えき"
]
],
"word": "国益"
},
{
"roman": "kokuō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"王",
"おう"
]
],
"word": "国王"
},
{
"roman": "kokka",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "国家"
},
{
"word": "国歌"
},
{
"word": "国花"
},
{
"roman": "kokkai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"会",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "国会"
},
{
"roman": "kokugai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "国外"
},
{
"roman": "kokki",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"旗",
"き"
]
],
"word": "国旗"
},
{
"roman": "kokugi",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"技",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "国技"
},
{
"roman": "kokkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"境",
"きょう"
]
],
"word": "国境"
},
{
"roman": "kokkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"教",
"きょう"
]
],
"word": "国教"
},
{
"roman": "kokugun",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"軍",
"ぐん"
]
],
"word": "国軍"
},
{
"word": "国見"
},
{
"word": "国言葉"
},
{
"roman": "kokko",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"庫",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "国庫"
},
{
"roman": "kokugo",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "国語"
},
{
"roman": "kunigamae",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"くに"
],
[
"構",
"がま"
]
],
"word": "国構え"
},
{
"roman": "kokugō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"号",
"ごう"
]
],
"word": "国号"
},
{
"roman": "kokusai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"債",
"さい"
]
],
"word": "国債"
},
{
"roman": "kokusai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"際",
"さい"
]
],
"word": "国際"
},
{
"roman": "kokusaku",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"策",
"さく"
]
],
"word": "国策"
},
{
"roman": "kokusan",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"産",
"さん"
]
],
"word": "国産"
},
{
"roman": "kokushi",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"史",
"し"
]
],
"word": "国史"
},
{
"roman": "kokushi",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"士",
"し"
]
],
"word": "国士"
},
{
"word": "国師"
},
{
"roman": "kokuji",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"事",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "国事"
},
{
"roman": "kokuji",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"字",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "国字"
},
{
"roman": "kokuji",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"璽",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "国璽"
},
{
"word": "国主"
},
{
"word": "国情"
},
{
"word": "国辱"
},
{
"word": "国人"
},
{
"roman": "kokusui",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"粋",
"すい"
]
],
"word": "国粋"
},
{
"word": "国是"
},
{
"roman": "kokusei",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"勢",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "国勢"
},
{
"roman": "kokusei",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"政",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "国政"
},
{
"word": "国税"
},
{
"roman": "kokuseki",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"籍",
"せき"
]
],
"word": "国籍"
},
{
"roman": "kokusō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"葬",
"そう"
]
],
"word": "国葬"
},
{
"roman": "kokuzō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"造",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "国造"
},
{
"roman": "kunizukuri",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"くに"
],
[
"造",
"ずく"
]
],
"word": "国造り"
},
{
"word": "国俗"
},
{
"word": "国賊"
},
{
"roman": "kokutai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"体",
"たい"
]
],
"word": "国体"
},
{
"roman": "kokudo",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"土",
"ど"
]
],
"word": "国土"
},
{
"roman": "kokudō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"道",
"どう"
]
],
"word": "国道"
},
{
"roman": "kokunai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"内",
"ない"
]
],
"word": "国内"
},
{
"word": "国難"
},
{
"word": "国費"
},
{
"roman": "kokuhin",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"賓",
"ひん"
]
],
"word": "国賓"
},
{
"roman": "kokufu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"府",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "国府"
},
{
"word": "国風"
},
{
"word": "国柄"
},
{
"roman": "kokuhō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"宝",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "国宝"
},
{
"roman": "kokuhō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"法",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "国法"
},
{
"roman": "kokubō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"防",
"ぼう"
]
],
"word": "国防"
},
{
"roman": "kokumin",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"民",
"みん"
]
],
"word": "国民"
},
{
"roman": "kokumu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"務",
"む"
]
],
"word": "国務"
},
{
"roman": "kokumei",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"名",
"めい"
]
],
"word": "国名"
},
{
"roman": "kokuyū",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"有",
"ゆう"
]
],
"word": "国有"
},
{
"roman": "kokuritsu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"立",
"りつ"
]
],
"word": "国立"
},
{
"roman": "kokuryoku",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"word": "国力"
},
{
"roman": "Kokuren",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"連",
"れん"
]
],
"word": "国連"
},
{
"roman": "Nihon-koku",
"ruby": [
[
"日",
"に"
],
[
"本",
"ほん"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
]
],
"word": "日本国"
},
{
"roman": "shōgoku",
"ruby": [
[
"生",
"しょう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"word": "生国"
},
{
"sense": "国定 (kokutei)",
"word": "国定教科書"
},
{
"roman": "kokutei kōen",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"定",
"てい"
],
[
"公",
"こう"
],
[
"園",
"えん"
]
],
"sense": "国定 (kokutei)",
"word": "国定公園"
}
],
"id": "en-国-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"grade-2-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "国"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "part of a land",
"roman": "kuga",
"ruby": [
[
"陸",
"くが"
]
],
"word": "陸"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "くに"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*konuy",
"sort": "くに"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *konuy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "郡",
"2": "geographic region: commandery, prefecture"
},
"expansion": "郡 (MC gjunH, “geographic region: commandery, prefecture”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *konuy. Appears in the Kojiki of 712, the Nihon Shoki completed in 720, and the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759. Perhaps related to Middle Chinese 郡 (MC gjunH, “geographic region: commandery, prefecture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "国",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"くに"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuni",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くに"
},
"expansion": "国(くに) • (kuni)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a land, a large place"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-fB-1Hkny",
"links": [
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "daichi",
"sense": "a land",
"word": "大地"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tochi",
"sense": "a land",
"word": "土地"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rikuchi",
"sense": "a land",
"word": "陸地"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a country in general, a region"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-84tl5acm",
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 43 18 6 5 3 1 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 2 77 7 4 3 2 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 7 25 12 15 12 6 3 7 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 9 43 11 6 5 5 1 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 57 17 9 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 56 17 9 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.",
"ref": "1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太とアニマル惑星 (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 27",
"roman": "Nippon? Kiita koto nai.",
"ruby": [
[
"太",
"た"
],
[
"惑星",
"プラネット"
],
[
"今",
"いま"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"図",
"ず"
],
[
"国",
"くに"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"日",
"にっ"
],
[
"本",
"ぽん"
]
],
"text": "ねえねえ、今の地図みた⁉\nNē nē, ima no chizu mita⁉\nHey, did you see that map!?\nみた！いったいここはなんという国だろう。\nMita! Ittai koko wa nan to iu kuni darō.\nI did! I wonder what country this is.\nクニ？クニってなあに。\nKuni? Kuni tte nāni.\nCountry? What’s a country?\nアメリカとか中国とかいろいろあるじゃない。\nAmerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.\nYou know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.\nぼくらは日本からきたんだけど…。\nBokura wa Nippon kara kita n da kedo….\nWe’re from Japan, by the way...\nニッポン？きいたことない。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a country as in a nation, a state"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-VUbfXjed",
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kokka",
"sense": "nation",
"word": "国家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kokudo",
"sense": "nation",
"word": "国土"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-YMEdsxfA",
"links": [
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
],
[
"crown",
"crown"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a province of ancient Japan"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-4g0zzh9P",
"links": [
[
"province",
"province"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the national government in ancient Japan; the national capital in ancient Japan"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-wy7dhdr~",
"links": [
[
"national",
"national"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 11 2 6 20 61 0",
"roman": "kokufu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"府",
"ふ"
]
],
"sense": "ancient national government",
"word": "国府"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I’m moving back home.",
"ref": "1994 January 20 [1988 December 17], Akira Oze, “第８話 酒蔵の子 [Child of the Brewery]”, in 夏子の酒 [Natsuko’s Saké], 14th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, page 183",
"roman": "Kuni ni ne…… kaeru no",
"ruby": [
[
"来",
"こ"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"故郷",
"クニ"
],
[
"帰",
"かえ"
]
],
"text": "ううん……もう来ないと思う たぶん\nŪn……mō konai to omou tabun\nNo... I don’t think I’ll be coming back any time soon.\nどうして？\nDō shite?\nHow come?\n故郷にね……帰るの"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one's birthplace, where one is from, one's home"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-TJ910FiE",
"links": [
[
"birthplace",
"birthplace"
],
[
"home",
"home"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 0 2 3 3 86",
"roman": "shusshōchi",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "出生地"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 0 2 3 3 86",
"roman": "shōgoku",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "生国"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 0 2 3 3 86",
"roman": "furusato",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "故郷"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 0 2 3 3 86",
"roman": "kokyō",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "故郷"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くに"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɲ̟i]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Shoki"
],
"word": "国"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こく"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "國",
"2": "country, nation"
},
"expansion": "國 (MC kwok, “country, nation”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 國 (MC kwok, “country, nation”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "国",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "koku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こく"
},
"expansion": "国(こく) • (koku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a land, a large place"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-fB-1Hkny1",
"links": [
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a country in general, a region"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-84tl5acm1",
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a country as in a nation, a state"
],
"id": "en-国-ja-noun-VUbfXjed1",
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 2 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading こく",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こく",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading くに",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading くな",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading こ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading こう",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 国",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in Japanese entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "国威"
},
{
"word": "国運"
},
{
"roman": "kokueki",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"益",
"えき"
]
],
"word": "国益"
},
{
"roman": "kokuō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"王",
"おう"
]
],
"word": "国王"
},
{
"roman": "kokka",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "国家"
},
{
"word": "国歌"
},
{
"word": "国花"
},
{
"roman": "kokkai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"会",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "国会"
},
{
"roman": "kokugai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "国外"
},
{
"roman": "kokki",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"旗",
"き"
]
],
"word": "国旗"
},
{
"roman": "kokugi",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"技",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "国技"
},
{
"roman": "kokkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"境",
"きょう"
]
],
"word": "国境"
},
{
"roman": "kokkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"教",
"きょう"
]
],
"word": "国教"
},
{
"roman": "kokugun",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"軍",
"ぐん"
]
],
"word": "国軍"
},
{
"word": "国見"
},
{
"word": "国言葉"
},
{
"roman": "kokko",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こっ"
],
[
"庫",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "国庫"
},
{
"roman": "kokugo",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "国語"
},
{
"roman": "kunigamae",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"くに"
],
[
"構",
"がま"
]
],
"word": "国構え"
},
{
"roman": "kokugō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"号",
"ごう"
]
],
"word": "国号"
},
{
"roman": "kokusai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"債",
"さい"
]
],
"word": "国債"
},
{
"roman": "kokusai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"際",
"さい"
]
],
"word": "国際"
},
{
"roman": "kokusaku",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"策",
"さく"
]
],
"word": "国策"
},
{
"roman": "kokusan",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"産",
"さん"
]
],
"word": "国産"
},
{
"roman": "kokushi",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"史",
"し"
]
],
"word": "国史"
},
{
"roman": "kokushi",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"士",
"し"
]
],
"word": "国士"
},
{
"word": "国師"
},
{
"roman": "kokuji",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"事",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "国事"
},
{
"roman": "kokuji",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"字",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "国字"
},
{
"roman": "kokuji",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"璽",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "国璽"
},
{
"word": "国主"
},
{
"word": "国情"
},
{
"word": "国辱"
},
{
"word": "国人"
},
{
"roman": "kokusui",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"粋",
"すい"
]
],
"word": "国粋"
},
{
"word": "国是"
},
{
"roman": "kokusei",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"勢",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "国勢"
},
{
"roman": "kokusei",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"政",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "国政"
},
{
"word": "国税"
},
{
"roman": "kokuseki",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"籍",
"せき"
]
],
"word": "国籍"
},
{
"roman": "kokusō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"葬",
"そう"
]
],
"word": "国葬"
},
{
"roman": "kokuzō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"造",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "国造"
},
{
"roman": "kunizukuri",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"くに"
],
[
"造",
"ずく"
]
],
"word": "国造り"
},
{
"word": "国俗"
},
{
"word": "国賊"
},
{
"roman": "kokutai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"体",
"たい"
]
],
"word": "国体"
},
{
"sense": "国定 (kokutei)",
"word": "国定教科書"
},
{
"roman": "kokutei kōen",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"定",
"てい"
],
[
"公",
"こう"
],
[
"園",
"えん"
]
],
"sense": "国定 (kokutei)",
"word": "国定公園"
},
{
"roman": "kokudo",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"土",
"ど"
]
],
"word": "国土"
},
{
"roman": "kokudō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"道",
"どう"
]
],
"word": "国道"
},
{
"roman": "kokunai",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"内",
"ない"
]
],
"word": "国内"
},
{
"word": "国難"
},
{
"word": "国費"
},
{
"roman": "kokuhin",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"賓",
"ひん"
]
],
"word": "国賓"
},
{
"roman": "kokufu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"府",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "国府"
},
{
"word": "国風"
},
{
"word": "国柄"
},
{
"roman": "kokuhō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"宝",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "国宝"
},
{
"roman": "kokuhō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"法",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "国法"
},
{
"roman": "kokubō",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"防",
"ぼう"
]
],
"word": "国防"
},
{
"roman": "kokumin",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"民",
"みん"
]
],
"word": "国民"
},
{
"roman": "kokumu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"務",
"む"
]
],
"word": "国務"
},
{
"roman": "kokumei",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"名",
"めい"
]
],
"word": "国名"
},
{
"roman": "kokuyū",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"有",
"ゆう"
]
],
"word": "国有"
},
{
"roman": "kokuritsu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"立",
"りつ"
]
],
"word": "国立"
},
{
"roman": "kokuryoku",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
]
],
"word": "国力"
},
{
"roman": "Kokuren",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"連",
"れん"
]
],
"word": "国連"
},
{
"roman": "Nihon-koku",
"ruby": [
[
"日",
"に"
],
[
"本",
"ほん"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
]
],
"word": "日本国"
},
{
"roman": "shōgoku",
"ruby": [
[
"生",
"しょう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"word": "生国"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "國",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"grade-2-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 国",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with audio links",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in Japanese entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "part of a land",
"roman": "kuga",
"ruby": [
[
"陸",
"くが"
]
],
"word": "陸"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "くに"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*konuy",
"sort": "くに"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *konuy",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "郡",
"2": "geographic region: commandery, prefecture"
},
"expansion": "郡 (MC gjunH, “geographic region: commandery, prefecture”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *konuy. Appears in the Kojiki of 712, the Nihon Shoki completed in 720, and the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759. Perhaps related to Middle Chinese 郡 (MC gjunH, “geographic region: commandery, prefecture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "国",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"くに"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuni",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くに"
},
"expansion": "国(くに) • (kuni)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a land, a large place"
],
"links": [
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a country in general, a region"
],
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.",
"ref": "1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太とアニマル惑星 (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 27",
"roman": "Nippon? Kiita koto nai.",
"ruby": [
[
"太",
"た"
],
[
"惑星",
"プラネット"
],
[
"今",
"いま"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"図",
"ず"
],
[
"国",
"くに"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"日",
"にっ"
],
[
"本",
"ぽん"
]
],
"text": "ねえねえ、今の地図みた⁉\nNē nē, ima no chizu mita⁉\nHey, did you see that map!?\nみた！いったいここはなんという国だろう。\nMita! Ittai koko wa nan to iu kuni darō.\nI did! I wonder what country this is.\nクニ？クニってなあに。\nKuni? Kuni tte nāni.\nCountry? What’s a country?\nアメリカとか中国とかいろいろあるじゃない。\nAmerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.\nYou know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.\nぼくらは日本からきたんだけど…。\nBokura wa Nippon kara kita n da kedo….\nWe’re from Japan, by the way...\nニッポン？きいたことない。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a country as in a nation, a state"
],
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state"
],
"links": [
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
],
[
"crown",
"crown"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a province of ancient Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"province",
"province"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the national government in ancient Japan; the national capital in ancient Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"national",
"national"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I’m moving back home.",
"ref": "1994 January 20 [1988 December 17], Akira Oze, “第８話 酒蔵の子 [Child of the Brewery]”, in 夏子の酒 [Natsuko’s Saké], 14th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, page 183",
"roman": "Kuni ni ne…… kaeru no",
"ruby": [
[
"来",
"こ"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"故郷",
"クニ"
],
[
"帰",
"かえ"
]
],
"text": "ううん……もう来ないと思う たぶん\nŪn……mō konai to omou tabun\nNo... I don’t think I’ll be coming back any time soon.\nどうして？\nDō shite?\nHow come?\n故郷にね……帰るの"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one's birthplace, where one is from, one's home"
],
"links": [
[
"birthplace",
"birthplace"
],
[
"home",
"home"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くに"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɲ̟i]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "daichi",
"sense": "a land",
"word": "大地"
},
{
"roman": "tochi",
"sense": "a land",
"word": "土地"
},
{
"roman": "rikuchi",
"sense": "a land",
"word": "陸地"
},
{
"roman": "kokka",
"sense": "nation",
"word": "国家"
},
{
"roman": "kokudo",
"sense": "nation",
"word": "国土"
},
{
"roman": "kokufu",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"府",
"ふ"
]
],
"sense": "ancient national government",
"word": "国府"
},
{
"roman": "shusshōchi",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "出生地"
},
{
"roman": "shōgoku",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "生国"
},
{
"roman": "furusato",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "故郷"
},
{
"roman": "kokyō",
"sense": "birthplace",
"word": "故郷"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Shoki"
],
"word": "国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 国",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in Japanese entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こく"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "國",
"2": "country, nation"
},
"expansion": "國 (MC kwok, “country, nation”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 國 (MC kwok, “country, nation”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "国",
"ruby": [
[
"国",
"こく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "koku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こく"
},
"expansion": "国(こく) • (koku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a land, a large place"
],
"links": [
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a country in general, a region"
],
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a country as in a nation, a state"
],
"links": [
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "国"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"国"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "国",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"国"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "国",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.