"下二段活用" meaning in Japanese

See 下二段活用 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ɕimo̞ ɲ̟ida̠ŋ ka̠t͡sɨjo̞ː] Forms: 下二段活用 [canonical] (ruby: (しも), (), (だん), (かつ), (よう)), shimo nidan katsuyō [romanization], simo nidan kwatuyou [romanization], しもにだんくわつよう [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: Compound of 下 (shimo, “lower”) + 二段活用 (nidan katsuyō, “bigrade conjugation”). Literally, 下二段 (shimo nidan, “lower bigrade”) refers to how the inflected endings are located in the gojūon table. 下 (shimo, “lower”) means the vowel e, which is written “below” the vowel i, the other inflection-related vowel. 二段 (nidan, “two grades”) means two vowels are involved, since each 段 (dan, “row”) of the table contains one vowel. Thus this can be understood as “two-voweled conjugation in e”. Etymology templates: {{com|ja|下|二段活用|t1=lower|t2=bigrade conjugation|tr1=shimo|tr2=nidan katsuyō}} 下 (shimo, “lower”) + 二段活用 (nidan katsuyō, “bigrade conjugation”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|しも にだん かつよう|hhira=しも にだん くわつよう}} 下(しも)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) • (shimo nidan katsuyō) ^(←しもにだんくわつよう (simo nidan kwatuyou)?)
  1. (Classical Japanese grammar) a verbal conjugation class with the following inflections: -e/-e/-u/-uru/-ure/-e[yo] Wikipedia link: Old Japanese, Old_Japanese#Syllables Tags: Classical, Japanese Categories (topical): Grammar Related terms: 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō) (ruby: (しも), (いち), (だん), (かつ), (よう)), 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō) (ruby: (かみ), (いち), (だん), (かつ), (よう)), 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō) (ruby: (かみ), (), (だん), (かつ), (よう)), 五段活用 (godan katsuyō) (ruby: (), (だん), (かつ), (よう)), 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō) (ruby: (), (だん), (かつ), (よう)), カ行変格活用 (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō) (ruby: (ぎょう), (へん), (かく), (かつ), (よう)), サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō) (ruby: (ぎょう), (へん), (かく), (かつ), (よう)), ナ行変格活用 (na-gyō henkaku katsuyō) (ruby: (ぎょう), (へん), (かく), (かつ), (よう)), ラ行変格活用 (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyō) (ruby: (ぎょう), (へん), (かく), (かつ), (よう))

Alternative forms

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  "etymology_text": "Compound of 下 (shimo, “lower”) + 二段活用 (nidan katsuyō, “bigrade conjugation”).\nLiterally, 下二段 (shimo nidan, “lower bigrade”) refers to how the inflected endings are located in the gojūon table. 下 (shimo, “lower”) means the vowel e, which is written “below” the vowel i, the other inflection-related vowel. 二段 (nidan, “two grades”) means two vowels are involved, since each 段 (dan, “row”) of the table contains one vowel. Thus this can be understood as “two-voweled conjugation in e”.",
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              "活",
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              "活",
              "かつ"
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              "用",
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              "五",
              "ご"
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              "段",
              "だん"
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            [
              "活",
              "かつ"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
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          "word": "五段活用"
        },
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            [
              "四",
              "よ"
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            [
              "段",
              "だん"
            ],
            [
              "活",
              "かつ"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "四段活用"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "行",
              "ぎょう"
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            [
              "変",
              "へん"
            ],
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              "格",
              "かく"
            ],
            [
              "活",
              "かつ"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "カ行変格活用"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō",
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            [
              "行",
              "ぎょう"
            ],
            [
              "変",
              "へん"
            ],
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              "格",
              "かく"
            ],
            [
              "活",
              "かつ"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
          ],
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        },
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              "ぎょう"
            ],
            [
              "変",
              "へん"
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              "活",
              "かつ"
            ],
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              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
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        },
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            [
              "行",
              "ぎょう"
            ],
            [
              "変",
              "へん"
            ],
            [
              "格",
              "かく"
            ],
            [
              "活",
              "かつ"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "ラ行変格活用"
        }
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        "sciences"
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        "Old Japanese",
        "Old_Japanese#Syllables"
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      "other": "しもにだんかつよー"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɕimo̞ ɲ̟ida̠ŋ ka̠t͡sɨjo̞ː]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "下二段活用"
}
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    {
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          "だん"
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          "活",
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        [
          "用",
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      ],
      "word": "五段活用"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yodan katsuyō",
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          "四",
          "よ"
        ],
        [
          "段",
          "だん"
        ],
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "用",
          "よう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "四段活用"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "行",
          "ぎょう"
        ],
        [
          "変",
          "へん"
        ],
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        ],
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          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "用",
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        ]
      ],
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    },
    {
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          "行",
          "ぎょう"
        ],
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          "変",
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        ],
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          "変",
          "へん"
        ],
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        ],
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          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "用",
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      ],
      "word": "ラ行変格活用"
    }
  ],
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        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms historically spelled with わ",
        "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with 5 kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
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      ],
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        ],
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          "verbal",
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        [
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        "(Classical Japanese grammar) a verbal conjugation class with the following inflections: -e/-e/-u/-uru/-ure/-e[yo]"
      ],
      "tags": [
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "しもにだんかつよー"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɕimo̞ ɲ̟ida̠ŋ ka̠t͡sɨjo̞ː]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "下二段活用"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 下二段活用 meaning in Japanese (4.4kB)

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.