See waif in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "waifish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "waifishly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "waifishness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "waiflike"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "weif",
"t": "ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture"
},
"expansion": "Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waif, waife, wafe, wayf, wayffe, (Early Middle English) waiph, waive",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gwayf, waiffe, waive, wayf, weyf",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waifum, wayvium, weivium, weyvium",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "waivium"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin waivium",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Old French waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Norman"
},
"expansion": "(Norman)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "guaif",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "veif",
"t": "flag; waving thing"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waif-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waif-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyp-",
"t": "to oscillate, swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman waif, weif [and other forms] (compare Anglo-Latin waivum [and other forms], Medieval Latin waivium), possibly from Old French waif, a variant of gaif, gayf (“property that is lost and unclaimed; of property: lost and unclaimed”) (Norman) [and other forms], probably from a North Germanic source such as Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”), from Proto-Germanic *waif-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (plural waifs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "waive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "31 22 9 5 11 21",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 24 10 5 9 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 24 7 4 13 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 6 6 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 24 4 4 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 24 10 6 9 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 7 4 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 6 7 10 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 5 5 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 20 6 5 15 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 23 10 6 9 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 24 11 5 9 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 5 5 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 19 16 15 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 5 3 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "32 24 10 4 8 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 19 17 15 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 3 5 8 4 6 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Stock characters",
"orig": "en:Stock characters",
"parents": [
"Fictional characters",
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "waifs and strays",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An article of movable property which has been found, and of which the owner is not known, such as goods washed up on a beach or thrown away by an absconding thief; such items belong to the Crown, which may grant the right of ownership to them to a lord of a manor."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-noun-0Pv88EvF",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"article",
"article#Noun"
],
[
"movable property",
"movable property"
],
[
"found",
"find#Verb"
],
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"known",
"know#Verb"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
],
[
"washed up",
"wash up"
],
[
"beach",
"beach#Noun"
],
[
"thrown away",
"throw away"
],
[
"abscond",
"abscond"
],
[
"thief",
"thief"
],
[
"item",
"item"
],
[
"belong",
"belong"
],
[
"Crown",
"Crown"
],
[
"grant",
"grant#Verb"
],
[
"right",
"right#Noun"
],
[
"ownership",
"ownership"
],
[
"lord",
"lord#Noun"
],
[
"manor",
"manor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, law, archaic) An article of movable property which has been found, and of which the owner is not known, such as goods washed up on a beach or thrown away by an absconding thief; such items belong to the Crown, which may grant the right of ownership to them to a lord of a manor."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sāʔiba",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سَائِبَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "namerena vešt",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "намерена вещ"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "isännätön esine"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "isännätön tavara"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "herrenloses Gut"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ritrovamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "herrelöst gods"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 21 3 3 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "vật vô chủ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 22 4 2 10 5 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "28 26 7 4 10 25",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "29 24 6 7 10 24",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "29 26 5 5 12 25",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "29 26 5 5 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "29 27 5 3 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 3 5 8 4 6 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Stock characters",
"orig": "en:Stock characters",
"parents": [
"Fictional characters",
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something found, especially if without an owner; something which comes along, as it were, by chance."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-noun-ZPw~5fbT",
"links": [
[
"comes",
"come#Verb"
],
[
"chance",
"chance#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"Something found, especially if without an owner; something which comes along, as it were, by chance."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "مَفْقُود m (mafqūd) (even though it literally means “lost”)",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"word": "löytö"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Fundstück"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fundsache"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naxódka",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нахо́дка"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potérjannaja veščʹ",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поте́рянная вещь"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hallazgo"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"formal",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "bien mostrenco"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 69 9 3 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"word": "vật vô chủ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, John Donne, “13. Prayer”, in Deuotions upon Emergent Occasions, and Seuerall Steps in My Sicknes: […], London: […] A[ugustine] M[atthews] for Thomas Iones, →OCLC, page 329:",
"text": "But vvhat a vvretched, and diſconſolate Hermitage is that Houſe, vvhich is not viſited by thee [God], and vvhat a VVayue, and Stray is that Man, that hath not thy Markes vpon him?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as “The White Ape”, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company, 1914 June, →OCLC, page 55:",
"text": "Tenderly Kala nursed her little waif, wondering silently why it did not gain strength and agility as did the little apes of other mothers. It was nearly a year from the time the little fellow came into her possession before he would walk alone, and as for climbing—my, but how stupid he was!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916 April, Carl Sandburg, “Old Woman”, in Chicago Poems, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →OCLC, page 168:",
"text": "Only an old woman, bloated, disheveled and bleared. / Far-wandered waif of other days, / Huddles for sleep in a doorway, / Homeless.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support; also, a person excluded from society; an outcast."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-noun-rFp8kTHY",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"child",
"child#Noun"
],
[
"homeless",
"homeless"
],
[
"means",
"means"
],
[
"support",
"support#Noun"
],
[
"exclude",
"exclude"
],
[
"society",
"society"
],
[
"outcast",
"outcast#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"A person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support; also, a person excluded from society; an outcast."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vagabond"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezdomnik",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бездомник"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Liúlàngér",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "流浪儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "da",
"english": "child",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hittebarn"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "da",
"english": "orphan child",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "forældreløst barn"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "zwerver"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "vaganto"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "katulapsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vagabond"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Heimatloser"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "heimatlose Person"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "heimatloses Kind"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naufrago"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "randagio"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trovatello"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vagabondo"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "hoetere"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podrzutek"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "homeless boy",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besprizórnik",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "беспризо́рник"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "homeless girl",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besprizórnica",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "беспризо́рница"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nahod"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "föräldralöst barn"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "trẻ bơ vơ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 71 16 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "trẻ bị bỏ rơi"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "fat person"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021, Megan Nolan, Acts of Desperation, Random House, →ISBN:",
"text": "When we had done all the things there were to do, he passed out and I clung to his reassuringly solid, soft stomach—paternal, so different to the indie waifs—and cried.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A very thin person."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-noun-LVC9chVM",
"links": [
[
"thin",
"thin#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"(by extension) A very thin person."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thin person"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 5 92 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very thin person",
"word": "ruipelo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 21 5 4 14 6 6 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 6 7 10 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 5 5 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 5 3 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A plant introduced in a place outside its native range but not persistently naturalized."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-noun-aBY6Ex01",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"introduce",
"introduce"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"native",
"native#Adjective"
],
[
"range",
"range#Noun"
],
[
"persistently",
"persistently"
],
[
"naturalize",
"naturalize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"(by extension, botany) A plant introduced in a place outside its native range but not persistently naturalized."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"figuratively"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waif.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "weif",
"t": "ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture"
},
"expansion": "Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waif, waife, wafe, wayf, wayffe, (Early Middle English) waiph, waive",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gwayf, waiffe, waive, wayf, weyf",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waifum, wayvium, weivium, weyvium",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "waivium"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin waivium",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Old French waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Norman"
},
"expansion": "(Norman)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "guaif",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "veif",
"t": "flag; waving thing"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waif-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waif-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyp-",
"t": "to oscillate, swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman waif, weif [and other forms] (compare Anglo-Latin waivum [and other forms], Medieval Latin waivium), possibly from Old French waif, a variant of gaif, gayf (“property that is lost and unclaimed; of property: lost and unclaimed”) (Norman) [and other forms], probably from a North Germanic source such as Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”), from Proto-Germanic *waif-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waifing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "waifed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "waifed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (third-person singular simple present waifs, present participle waifing, simple past and past participle waifed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 22 4 2 10 5 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 21 5 4 14 6 6 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 24 4 4 8 6 6 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 25 2 2 8 6 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 6 6 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 7 4 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 6 7 10 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 5 5 12 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 5 5 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 5 3 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 3 5 8 4 6 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Stock characters",
"orig": "en:Stock characters",
"parents": [
"Fictional characters",
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter I, in Harold, the Last of the Saxon Kings; […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, book IX (The Bones of the Dead), pages 293–294:",
"text": "It is true that Guy, Count of Ponthieu, holds fief under me, but I have no control over the laws of his realm. And by those laws, he hath right of life and death over all stranded and waifed on his coast.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cast aside or reject, and thus make a waif."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-verb-3X7NyLOp",
"links": [
[
"cast aside",
"cast aside"
],
[
"reject",
"reject#Verb"
],
[
"waif",
"waif#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cast aside or reject, and thus make a waif."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waif.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "veif",
"t": "flag; waving thing"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”); see further at etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (plural waifs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Fast-fish and Loose-fish”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, pages 440–441:",
"text": "[page 440] The allusion to waifs and waif-poles in the last chapter but one, necessitates some account of the laws and regulations of the whale fishery, of which the waif may be deemed the grand symbol and badge. […] [page 441] [A] fish is technically fast when it bears a waif, or any other recognised symbol of possession; so long as the party waifing it plainly evince their ability at any time to take it alongside, as well as their intention to do so.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small flag used as a signal."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-noun-nsoYrc1M",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"whaling",
"whaling#Noun"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"flag",
"flag#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"signal",
"signal#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly whaling",
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, chiefly whaling, historical) A small flag used as a signal."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "waff"
},
{
"word": "waft"
},
{
"word": "wheft"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waif.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Origin unknown"
},
"expansion": "Origin unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Northern England",
"2": "Scotland"
},
"expansion": "(Northern England, Scotland)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wef",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "weef, weefe, wefe, (Northern England) weif",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wafian",
"t": "to wave"
},
"expansion": "Old English wafian (“to wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*webʰ-",
"t": "to braid, weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
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},
"expansion": "Old English wefan (“to weave”)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*webʰ-",
"t": "to braid, weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin unknown; possibly related to the following words:\n* waff (“waving movement; gust or puff of air or wind; odour, scent; slight blow; slight attack of illness; glimpse; apparition, wraith; of the wind: to cause (something) to move to and fro; to flutter or wave to and fro in the wind; to produce a current of air by waving, to fan”) (Northern England, Scotland), a variant of waive (etymology 2) or wave (see further at those entries).\n* Middle English wef, weffe (“bad odour, stench, stink; exhalation; vapour; tendency of something to go bad (?)”) [and other forms], possibly a variant of either:\n** waf, waif, waife (“odour, scent”), possibly from waven (“to move to and fro, sway, wave; to stray, wander; to move in a weaving manner; (figuratively) to hesitate, vacillate”), from Old English wafian (“to wave”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”); or\n** wef (“a blow, stroke”), from weven (“to travel, wander; to move to and fro, flutter, waver; to blow something away, waft; to cause something to move; to fall; to cut deeply; to sever; to give up, yield; to give deference to; to avoid; to afflict, trouble; to beckon, signal”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Old English wefan (“to weave”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”)), or from wǣfan (see bewǣfan, ymbwǣfan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (plural waifs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Something (such as clouds or smoke) carried aloft by the wind."
],
"id": "en-waif-en-noun-ctc9v7IQ",
"links": [
[
"clouds",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke#Noun"
],
[
"carried",
"carry#Verb"
],
[
"aloft",
"aloft"
],
[
"wind",
"wind#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyp-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Stock characters"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "waifish"
},
{
"word": "waifishly"
},
{
"word": "waifishness"
},
{
"word": "waiflike"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "*weyp-"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "noun",
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{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "weif",
"t": "ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture"
},
"expansion": "Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waif, waife, wafe, wayf, wayffe, (Early Middle English) waiph, waive",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gwayf, waiffe, waive, wayf, weyf",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waifum, wayvium, weivium, weyvium",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "waivium"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin waivium",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Old French waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Norman"
},
"expansion": "(Norman)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "guaif",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "veif",
"t": "flag; waving thing"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waif-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waif-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyp-",
"t": "to oscillate, swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman waif, weif [and other forms] (compare Anglo-Latin waivum [and other forms], Medieval Latin waivium), possibly from Old French waif, a variant of gaif, gayf (“property that is lost and unclaimed; of property: lost and unclaimed”) (Norman) [and other forms], probably from a North Germanic source such as Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”), from Proto-Germanic *waif-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (plural waifs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "waive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with collocations",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "waifs and strays",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An article of movable property which has been found, and of which the owner is not known, such as goods washed up on a beach or thrown away by an absconding thief; such items belong to the Crown, which may grant the right of ownership to them to a lord of a manor."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"article",
"article#Noun"
],
[
"movable property",
"movable property"
],
[
"found",
"find#Verb"
],
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"known",
"know#Verb"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
],
[
"washed up",
"wash up"
],
[
"beach",
"beach#Noun"
],
[
"thrown away",
"throw away"
],
[
"abscond",
"abscond"
],
[
"thief",
"thief"
],
[
"item",
"item"
],
[
"belong",
"belong"
],
[
"Crown",
"Crown"
],
[
"grant",
"grant#Verb"
],
[
"right",
"right#Noun"
],
[
"ownership",
"ownership"
],
[
"lord",
"lord#Noun"
],
[
"manor",
"manor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, law, archaic) An article of movable property which has been found, and of which the owner is not known, such as goods washed up on a beach or thrown away by an absconding thief; such items belong to the Crown, which may grant the right of ownership to them to a lord of a manor."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something found, especially if without an owner; something which comes along, as it were, by chance."
],
"links": [
[
"comes",
"come#Verb"
],
[
"chance",
"chance#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"Something found, especially if without an owner; something which comes along, as it were, by chance."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, John Donne, “13. Prayer”, in Deuotions upon Emergent Occasions, and Seuerall Steps in My Sicknes: […], London: […] A[ugustine] M[atthews] for Thomas Iones, →OCLC, page 329:",
"text": "But vvhat a vvretched, and diſconſolate Hermitage is that Houſe, vvhich is not viſited by thee [God], and vvhat a VVayue, and Stray is that Man, that hath not thy Markes vpon him?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as “The White Ape”, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company, 1914 June, →OCLC, page 55:",
"text": "Tenderly Kala nursed her little waif, wondering silently why it did not gain strength and agility as did the little apes of other mothers. It was nearly a year from the time the little fellow came into her possession before he would walk alone, and as for climbing—my, but how stupid he was!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916 April, Carl Sandburg, “Old Woman”, in Chicago Poems, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →OCLC, page 168:",
"text": "Only an old woman, bloated, disheveled and bleared. / Far-wandered waif of other days, / Huddles for sleep in a doorway, / Homeless.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support; also, a person excluded from society; an outcast."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"child",
"child#Noun"
],
[
"homeless",
"homeless"
],
[
"means",
"means"
],
[
"support",
"support#Noun"
],
[
"exclude",
"exclude"
],
[
"society",
"society"
],
[
"outcast",
"outcast#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"A person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support; also, a person excluded from society; an outcast."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vagabond"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "fat person"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021, Megan Nolan, Acts of Desperation, Random House, →ISBN:",
"text": "When we had done all the things there were to do, he passed out and I clung to his reassuringly solid, soft stomach—paternal, so different to the indie waifs—and cried.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A very thin person."
],
"links": [
[
"thin",
"thin#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"(by extension) A very thin person."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thin person"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"A plant introduced in a place outside its native range but not persistently naturalized."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"introduce",
"introduce"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"native",
"native#Adjective"
],
[
"range",
"range#Noun"
],
[
"persistently",
"persistently"
],
[
"naturalize",
"naturalize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively)",
"(by extension, botany) A plant introduced in a place outside its native range but not persistently naturalized."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"figuratively"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waif.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sāʔiba",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سَائِبَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "namerena vešt",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "намерена вещ"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "isännätön esine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "isännätön tavara"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "herrenloses Gut"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ritrovamento"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "herrelöst gods"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "article of movable property found of which the owner is not known",
"word": "vật vô chủ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "مَفْقُود m (mafqūd) (even though it literally means “lost”)",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"word": "löytö"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Fundstück"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fundsache"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naxódka",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нахо́дка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potérjannaja veščʹ",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поте́рянная вещь"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hallazgo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"tags": [
"formal",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "bien mostrenco"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "something found, especially if without an owner",
"word": "vật vô chủ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezdomnik",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бездомник"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Liúlàngér",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "流浪儿"
},
{
"code": "da",
"english": "child",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hittebarn"
},
{
"code": "da",
"english": "orphan child",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "forældreløst barn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "zwerver"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "vaganto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "katulapsi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vagabond"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Heimatloser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "heimatlose Person"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "heimatloses Kind"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naufrago"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "randagio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trovatello"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vagabondo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "hoetere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podrzutek"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "homeless boy",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besprizórnik",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "беспризо́рник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "homeless girl",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besprizórnica",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "беспризо́рница"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nahod"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "föräldralöst barn"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "trẻ bơ vơ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "person (especially a child) who is homeless and without means of support",
"word": "trẻ bị bỏ rơi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very thin person",
"word": "ruipelo"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyp-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Stock characters"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "weif",
"t": "ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture"
},
"expansion": "Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waif, waife, wafe, wayf, wayffe, (Early Middle English) waiph, waive",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gwayf, waiffe, waive, wayf, weyf",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "waifum, wayvium, weivium, weyvium",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "waivium"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin waivium",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "waif"
},
"expansion": "Old French waif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Norman"
},
"expansion": "(Norman)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "guaif",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "veif",
"t": "flag; waving thing"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waif-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waif-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyp-",
"t": "to oscillate, swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Late Middle English weif (“ownerless property subject to seizure and forfeiture; the right of such seizure and forfeiture; revenues obtained from such seizure and forfeiture”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman waif, weif [and other forms] (compare Anglo-Latin waivum [and other forms], Medieval Latin waivium), possibly from Old French waif, a variant of gaif, gayf (“property that is lost and unclaimed; of property: lost and unclaimed”) (Norman) [and other forms], probably from a North Germanic source such as Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”), from Proto-Germanic *waif-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyp- (“to oscillate, swing”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waifing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "waifed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "waifed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (third-person singular simple present waifs, present participle waifing, simple past and past participle waifed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter I, in Harold, the Last of the Saxon Kings; […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, book IX (The Bones of the Dead), pages 293–294:",
"text": "It is true that Guy, Count of Ponthieu, holds fief under me, but I have no control over the laws of his realm. And by those laws, he hath right of life and death over all stranded and waifed on his coast.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cast aside or reject, and thus make a waif."
],
"links": [
[
"cast aside",
"cast aside"
],
[
"reject",
"reject#Verb"
],
[
"waif",
"waif#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cast aside or reject, and thus make a waif."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waif.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "veif",
"t": "flag; waving thing"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Old Norse veif (“flag; waving thing”); see further at etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (plural waifs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "waff"
},
{
"word": "waft"
},
{
"word": "wheft"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Nautical"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Fast-fish and Loose-fish”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, pages 440–441:",
"text": "[page 440] The allusion to waifs and waif-poles in the last chapter but one, necessitates some account of the laws and regulations of the whale fishery, of which the waif may be deemed the grand symbol and badge. […] [page 441] [A] fish is technically fast when it bears a waif, or any other recognised symbol of possession; so long as the party waifing it plainly evince their ability at any time to take it alongside, as well as their intention to do so.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small flag used as a signal."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"whaling",
"whaling#Noun"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"flag",
"flag#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"signal",
"signal#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly whaling",
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, chiefly whaling, historical) A small flag used as a signal."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waif.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf",
"Rhymes:English/eɪf/1 syllable",
"en:Stock characters"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Origin unknown"
},
"expansion": "Origin unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Northern England",
"2": "Scotland"
},
"expansion": "(Northern England, Scotland)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wef",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "weef, weefe, wefe, (Northern England) weif",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wafian",
"t": "to wave"
},
"expansion": "Old English wafian (“to wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*webʰ-",
"t": "to braid, weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wefan",
"t": "to weave"
},
"expansion": "Old English wefan (“to weave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*webʰ-",
"t": "to braid, weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin unknown; possibly related to the following words:\n* waff (“waving movement; gust or puff of air or wind; odour, scent; slight blow; slight attack of illness; glimpse; apparition, wraith; of the wind: to cause (something) to move to and fro; to flutter or wave to and fro in the wind; to produce a current of air by waving, to fan”) (Northern England, Scotland), a variant of waive (etymology 2) or wave (see further at those entries).\n* Middle English wef, weffe (“bad odour, stench, stink; exhalation; vapour; tendency of something to go bad (?)”) [and other forms], possibly a variant of either:\n** waf, waif, waife (“odour, scent”), possibly from waven (“to move to and fro, sway, wave; to stray, wander; to move in a weaving manner; (figuratively) to hesitate, vacillate”), from Old English wafian (“to wave”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”); or\n** wef (“a blow, stroke”), from weven (“to travel, wander; to move to and fro, flutter, waver; to blow something away, waft; to cause something to move; to fall; to cut deeply; to sever; to give up, yield; to give deference to; to avoid; to afflict, trouble; to beckon, signal”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Old English wefan (“to weave”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to braid, weave”)), or from wǣfan (see bewǣfan, ymbwǣfan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "waifs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "waif (plural waifs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Something (such as clouds or smoke) carried aloft by the wind."
],
"links": [
[
"clouds",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke#Noun"
],
[
"carried",
"carry#Verb"
],
[
"aloft",
"aloft"
],
[
"wind",
"wind#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/weɪf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-waif.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-waif.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪf"
}
],
"word": "waif"
}
Download raw JSONL data for waif meaning in English (28.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.