"umbra" meaning in English

See umbra in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈʌmbɹə/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-umbra.wav Forms: umbras [plural], umbrae [plural], umbræ [obsolete, plural]
enPR: ŭmʹbrə Rhymes: -ʌmbɹə Etymology: Borrowed from Latin umbra (“shadow”). Doublet of umber. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|la|umbra||shadow}} Latin umbra (“shadow”), {{doublet|en|umber}} Doublet of umber Head templates: {{en-noun|s|umbrae|umbræ|pl3qual=obsolete}} umbra (plural umbras or umbrae or (obsolete) umbræ)
  1. The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-6n13vgut
  2. The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.
    (astronomy) The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse.
    Categories (topical): Astronomy
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-JLIAiz4c Topics: astronomy, natural-sciences
  3. (astronomy) The central region of a sunspot. Categories (topical): Astronomy Translations (the central region of a sunspot): umbra [common-gender] (Danish), umbra (Finnish), ombre [feminine] (French), Umbra [feminine] (German), umbra [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), umbra [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk)
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-ABsmldqP Topics: astronomy, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'the central region of a sunspot': 21 21 56 0 0 0 1 1
  4. (chiefly literary) A shadow. Tags: literary
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-C0AKIidY
  5. (archaic) An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited. Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-ueM7rafS Categories (other): Entries with translation boxes, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 4 7 7 1 20 11 24 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 4 8 7 1 22 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 3 6 6 1 21 16 23 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 5 8 8 1 22 12 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 4 7 7 1 22 15 20 24
  6. One of the family Umbridae of mudminnows.
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-Vbmt2F5t Categories (other): Entries with translation boxes, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 4 7 7 1 20 11 24 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 4 8 7 1 22 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 3 6 6 1 21 16 23 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 5 8 8 1 22 12 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 4 7 7 1 22 15 20 24
  7. One of genus Umbrina of drums (family Sciaenidae).
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-U6FsbPVk Categories (other): Entries with translation boxes, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 4 7 7 1 20 11 24 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 4 8 7 1 22 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 3 6 6 1 21 16 23 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 5 8 8 1 22 12 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 4 7 7 1 22 15 20 24
  8. (mathematics) An element of the umbral calculus. Categories (topical): Mathematics
    Sense id: en-umbra-en-noun-Vs2db--E Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 10 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 3 9 9 0 22 12 14 31 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 4 7 7 1 20 11 24 25 Disambiguation of Pages with 10 entries: 0 1 1 1 1 3 3 0 8 5 5 10 18 18 0 1 0 1 1 7 2 2 3 8 0 1 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 1 1 1 1 3 3 0 9 6 7 13 15 15 0 1 0 0 1 8 2 2 3 7 0 0 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 4 8 7 1 22 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 3 6 6 1 21 16 23 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 5 8 8 1 22 12 18 25 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 5 9 8 2 21 12 16 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 4 8 8 1 22 13 17 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 2 6 6 0 22 17 17 30 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 4 7 7 1 23 15 19 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 4 7 7 1 22 15 20 24 Topics: mathematics, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: adumbrate, antumbra, Bernoulli umbra, penumbra, umbral, umbra recta, umbra versa, umbrella Coordinate_terms: antumbra, penumbra Translations (the fully shaded inner area of a shadow): kernskaduwee (Afrikaans), ombra [feminine] (Catalan), sydänvarjo (Finnish), täysvarjo (Finnish), umbra (Finnish), Kernschatten [masculine] (German), 本影 (Japanese), umbra (Serbo-Croatian), umbra (Swedish), kärnskugga (Swedish)
Disambiguation of 'the fully shaded inner area of a shadow': 41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0

Inflected forms

{
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "antumbra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "penumbra"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "adumbrate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "antumbra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Bernoulli umbra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "penumbra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "umbral"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "umbra recta"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "umbra versa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "umbrella"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "umbra",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin umbra (“shadow”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "umber"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of umber",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin umbra (“shadow”). Doublet of umber.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "umbras",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "umbrae",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "umbræ",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "umbrae",
        "3": "umbræ",
        "pl3qual": "obsolete"
      },
      "expansion": "umbra (plural umbras or umbrae or (obsolete) umbræ)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "um‧bra"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-6n13vgut",
      "links": [
        [
          "shaded",
          "shaded"
        ],
        [
          "region",
          "region"
        ],
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "opaque",
          "opaque"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Astronomy",
          "orig": "en:Astronomy",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "Space",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.",
        "The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-JLIAiz4c",
      "links": [
        [
          "shaded",
          "shaded"
        ],
        [
          "region",
          "region"
        ],
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "opaque",
          "opaque"
        ],
        [
          "astronomy",
          "astronomy"
        ],
        [
          "area",
          "area"
        ],
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ],
        [
          "moon",
          "moon"
        ],
        [
          "total phase",
          "total phase"
        ],
        [
          "eclipse",
          "eclipse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.",
        "(astronomy) The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "astronomy",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Astronomy",
          "orig": "en:Astronomy",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "Space",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The central region of a sunspot."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-ABsmldqP",
      "links": [
        [
          "astronomy",
          "astronomy"
        ],
        [
          "sunspot",
          "sunspot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(astronomy) The central region of a sunspot."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "astronomy",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "21 21 56 0 0 0 1 1",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "umbra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 21 56 0 0 0 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
          "word": "umbra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 21 56 0 0 0 1 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ombre"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 21 56 0 0 0 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Umbra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 21 56 0 0 0 1 1",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "umbra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 21 56 0 0 0 1 1",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "umbra"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A shadow."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-C0AKIidY",
      "links": [
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly literary) A shadow."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 20 11 24 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 23 15 19 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 7 1 22 15 19 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 6 6 1 21 16 23 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 8 8 2 23 13 18 25",
          "kind": "other",
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24",
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        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 23 15 19 24",
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          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 22 15 20 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-ueM7rafS",
      "links": [
        [
          "uninvited",
          "uninvited"
        ],
        [
          "guest",
          "guest"
        ],
        [
          "invite",
          "invite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 20 11 24 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 23 15 19 23",
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          "name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 7 1 22 15 19 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 6 6 1 21 16 23 25",
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          "parents": [],
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        {
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
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        {
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          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 22 15 20 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the family Umbridae of mudminnows."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-Vbmt2F5t",
      "links": [
        [
          "Umbridae",
          "Umbridae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "mudminnow",
          "mudminnow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 20 11 24 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 23 15 19 23",
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        {
          "_dis": "4 8 7 1 22 15 19 24",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "3 6 6 1 21 16 23 25",
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          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "5 8 8 2 23 13 18 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
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          "_dis": "5 8 8 1 22 12 18 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
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        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of genus Umbrina of drums (family Sciaenidae)."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-U6FsbPVk",
      "links": [
        [
          "Umbrina",
          "Umbrina#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "drum",
          "drum"
        ],
        [
          "Sciaenidae",
          "Sciaenidae#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "en:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
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            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 9 9 0 22 12 14 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 1 22 13 17 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "5 8 8 2 23 13 18 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "2 6 6 0 22 17 17 30",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 23 15 19 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 7 7 1 22 15 20 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2009, Ernesto Damiani, Ottavio D'Antona, Vincenzo Marra, From Combinatorics to Philosophy: The Legacy of G.-C. Rota, (page 113)#:",
          "text": "In order to set up such an algorithm, we need the notion of multiplicative inverse of an umbra. Two umbrae are said to be multiplicative inverse to each other when αγ ≡ u.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An element of the umbral calculus."
      ],
      "id": "en-umbra-en-noun-Vs2db--E",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "umbral calculus",
          "umbral calculus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) An element of the umbral calculus."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "ŭmʹbrə"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʌmbɹə/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-umbra.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌmbɹə"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "kernskaduwee"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ombra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "sydänvarjo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "täysvarjo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kernschatten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "本影"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "41 41 1 15 2 0 1 0",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "kärnskugga"
    }
  ],
  "word": "umbra"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌmbɹə",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌmbɹə/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "word": "antumbra"
    },
    {
      "word": "penumbra"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "adumbrate"
    },
    {
      "word": "antumbra"
    },
    {
      "word": "Bernoulli umbra"
    },
    {
      "word": "penumbra"
    },
    {
      "word": "umbral"
    },
    {
      "word": "umbra recta"
    },
    {
      "word": "umbra versa"
    },
    {
      "word": "umbrella"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "umbra",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin umbra (“shadow”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "umber"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of umber",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin umbra (“shadow”). Doublet of umber.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "umbras",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "umbrae",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "umbræ",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "umbrae",
        "3": "umbræ",
        "pl3qual": "obsolete"
      },
      "expansion": "umbra (plural umbras or umbrae or (obsolete) umbræ)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "um‧bra"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shaded",
          "shaded"
        ],
        [
          "region",
          "region"
        ],
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "opaque",
          "opaque"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Astronomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.",
        "The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shaded",
          "shaded"
        ],
        [
          "region",
          "region"
        ],
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "opaque",
          "opaque"
        ],
        [
          "astronomy",
          "astronomy"
        ],
        [
          "area",
          "area"
        ],
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ],
        [
          "moon",
          "moon"
        ],
        [
          "total phase",
          "total phase"
        ],
        [
          "eclipse",
          "eclipse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.",
        "(astronomy) The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "astronomy",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Astronomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The central region of a sunspot."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "astronomy",
          "astronomy"
        ],
        [
          "sunspot",
          "sunspot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(astronomy) The central region of a sunspot."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "astronomy",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English literary terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A shadow."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly literary) A shadow."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "uninvited",
          "uninvited"
        ],
        [
          "guest",
          "guest"
        ],
        [
          "invite",
          "invite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One of the family Umbridae of mudminnows."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Umbridae",
          "Umbridae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "mudminnow",
          "mudminnow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One of genus Umbrina of drums (family Sciaenidae)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Umbrina",
          "Umbrina#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "drum",
          "drum"
        ],
        [
          "Sciaenidae",
          "Sciaenidae#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "en:Mathematics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2009, Ernesto Damiani, Ottavio D'Antona, Vincenzo Marra, From Combinatorics to Philosophy: The Legacy of G.-C. Rota, (page 113)#:",
          "text": "In order to set up such an algorithm, we need the notion of multiplicative inverse of an umbra. Two umbrae are said to be multiplicative inverse to each other when αγ ≡ u.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An element of the umbral calculus."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "umbral calculus",
          "umbral calculus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) An element of the umbral calculus."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "ŭmʹbrə"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʌmbɹə/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-umbra.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-umbra.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌmbɹə"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "kernskaduwee"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ombra"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "sydänvarjo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "täysvarjo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kernschatten"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "本影"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the fully shaded inner area of a shadow",
      "word": "kärnskugga"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ombre"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Umbra"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "umbra"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "the central region of a sunspot",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "umbra"
    }
  ],
  "word": "umbra"
}

Download raw JSONL data for umbra meaning in English (6.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.