See trauma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "atelectrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "barotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dialytrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "geotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "macrotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "microtrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "monotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "multitrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "myotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "neurotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nontrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "oxytrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "phonotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "polytrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "posttrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "psychotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rape trauma syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rheotrauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "suspension trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma bond"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma bonding"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma centre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumacore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma dump"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma dumping"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma focused cognitive behavioural therapy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumagenic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma incidence reduction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma-informed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma-informed stabilization treatment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumaless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma naked"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma plate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumascape"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma scissors"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumascum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma shears"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumatic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumatise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumatize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumatism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "traumatology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trauma triad of death"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"τιτρώσκω",
"τιτρώσκω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-mn̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mn̥"
],
[
"*-mə",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-mə"
],
[
"-μᾰ",
"-μα#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"τραῦμα",
"τραῦμα#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"τραῦμα",
"τραῦμα#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":der",
"3": "grc:τραῦμα",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek τιτρώσκω (titrṓskō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Hellenic *-mə\nAncient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)\nAncient Greek τραῦμα (traûma)der.\nEnglish trauma\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to wound\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"τιτρώσκω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mn̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-mə\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μᾰ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"suffix forming neuter nouns\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"τραῦμα\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"trauma\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"trauma\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "τραῦμα",
"4": "",
"5": "wound, damage"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek τιτρώσκω (titrṓskō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Hellenic *-mə\nAncient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)\nAncient Greek τραῦμα (traûma)der.\nEnglish trauma\nFrom Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "traumas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "traumata",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "s",
"3": "traumata"
},
"expansion": "trauma (countable and uncountable, plural traumas or traumata)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"trau",
"ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Injuries",
"orig": "en:Injuries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: insult (contextually synonymous); see also Thesaurus:injury"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "mild trauma",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "major trauma",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any injury to the body of a living thing."
],
"id": "en-trauma-en-noun-en:Q193078",
"links": [
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"living thing",
"living thing"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q193078"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "insult"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "injury"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "wound"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "scath"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "scathe"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "lesion"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "dere"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q193078"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Injuries",
"orig": "en:Injuries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
79
]
],
"text": "We're not talking about paper cuts or sprains here — we're talking about trauma.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
15
],
[
78,
84
]
],
"ref": "2020 January 26, Leah Asmelash, “Why traumatic brain injuries can be dangerous”, in CNN:",
"text": "Repeated trauma or shaking to the brain can be even worse, leading to chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any injury to the body of a living thing.",
"Serious injury, resulting from predation, violence, an accident such as a fall, a vehicle crash, etc."
],
"id": "en-trauma-en-noun-en:Q1930781",
"links": [
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"living thing",
"living thing"
],
[
"Serious",
"serious"
],
[
"predation",
"predation"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"accident",
"accident"
],
[
"fall",
"fall#Noun"
],
[
"crash",
"crash#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any injury to the body of a living thing.",
"(usually specifically) Serious injury, resulting from predation, violence, an accident such as a fall, a vehicle crash, etc."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q193078",
"en:Q1064904"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "insult"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "injury"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "wound"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "scath"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "scathe"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "lesion"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "dere"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ʔiṣāba",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "إِصَابَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "vnasvackʻ",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "վնասվածք"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "zədə"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "travma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tráwma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́ўма"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"lang_code": "bn",
"roman": "aghat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "আঘাত"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "fùshāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "負傷 /负伤"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "sǔnshāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "損傷 /损伤"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "wàishāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "外傷 /外伤"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "chuāngshāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "創傷 /创伤"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úraz"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "traume"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "men"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "traŭmato"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "vamma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ruumiinvamma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "fi",
"english": "medical profession jargon",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"translation": "medical profession jargon",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "ṭravma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ტრავმა"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τραύμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "trá'uma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טְרָאוּמָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "āghāt",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आघात"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "sérülés"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "seb"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "sebesülés"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"alt": "がいしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "gaishō",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "外傷"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"alt": "そんしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sonshō",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "損傷"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "jaraqat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "жарақат"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"alt": "外傷",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "oesang",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "외상"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"alt": "損傷",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "sonsang",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "손상"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "birîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "jarakat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "жаракат"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "trauma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "траума"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ngaukino"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "pāmamaetanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "gemtel",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "гэмтэл"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"raw_tags": [
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"sense": "serious injury to the body",
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],
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{
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"feminine"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
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{
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"tags": [
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],
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},
{
"_dis1": "31 48 20 1",
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"word": "chấn thương"
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"ref": "2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in The Guardian:",
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"ref": "2025 April 28, Madeline Holcombe, “It might be time to ‘reparent’ yourself. Here’s how to get started”, in CNN:",
"text": "And although it doesn’t mean acting like an infant again, it does require recognizing that many of the thoughts and behaviors you’d like to change come from lingering feelings of childhood traumas or your inner child, said Dr. Avigail Lev, a licensed clinical psychologist at the Bay Area CBT Center in San Francisco.",
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-trauma-en-noun-en:Q654426",
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[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
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"psychological"
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[
"injury",
"injury"
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],
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{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "ar",
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"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ṣadmatun ʕāṭifiyya",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "صَدْمَةٌ عَاطِفِيَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tráwma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́ўма"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Central Bikol",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "raya"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "jam¹ jing²",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "陰影 /阴影"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "zing¹ san⁴ cong³ soeng¹",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "精神創傷 /精神创伤"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jīngshén chuāngshāng",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "精神創傷 /精神创伤"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xīnlǐ yīnyǐng",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "心理陰影 /心理阴影"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "traume"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "men"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "traŭmato"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "traumatisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "ṭravma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "ტრავმა"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "trá'uma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טְרָאוּמָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "megrázkódtatás"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "torauma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "トラウマ"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"alt": "しんてきがいしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shinteki gaishō",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "心的外傷"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"alt": "こころのきず",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "kokoro no kizu",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "心の傷"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"alt": "精神的外傷",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "jeongsinjeok oesang",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "정신적 외상"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trawma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "whētuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "ngaukino"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uraz psychiczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "traumă"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра̀ума"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "tràuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "sarsıntı"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "travma"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
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"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 19 67 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
}
],
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"Q654426"
]
},
{
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
54
]
],
"text": "The earthquake here 14 years ago was a national trauma that still affects the economy today.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An event that causes great distress."
],
"id": "en-trauma-en-noun-g1T7Y-F0",
"links": [
[
"event",
"event"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "event",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "tòngkǔ de jīnglì",
"sense": "event",
"word": "痛苦的經歷 /痛苦的经历"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "cuòzhé",
"sense": "event",
"word": "挫折"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "event",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "ṭravma",
"sense": "event",
"word": "ტრავმა"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "trá'uma",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טְרָאוּמָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "event",
"word": "megrázó/traumatikus esemény"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trawma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "event",
"word": "whētuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "event",
"word": "travma"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɔː.mə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹaʊ.mə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɔm.ə/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹaʊ.mə/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-trauma.wav",
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"note": "Connecticut",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɑ.mə/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Eastern",
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"New-Jersey"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɒmə/",
"note": "Boston, Maine, mostly western and central Canada"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːmə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊmə"
}
],
"word": "trauma"
}
{
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"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/aʊmə",
"Rhymes:English/aʊmə/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːmə",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːmə/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Central Bikol translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Emergency medicine",
"en:Injuries",
"en:Psychology"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "atelectrauma"
},
{
"word": "barotrauma"
},
{
"word": "biotrauma"
},
{
"word": "dialytrauma"
},
{
"word": "geotrauma"
},
{
"word": "macrotrauma"
},
{
"word": "microtrauma"
},
{
"word": "monotrauma"
},
{
"word": "multitrauma"
},
{
"word": "myotrauma"
},
{
"word": "neurotrauma"
},
{
"word": "nontrauma"
},
{
"word": "oxytrauma"
},
{
"word": "phonotrauma"
},
{
"word": "polytrauma"
},
{
"word": "posttrauma"
},
{
"word": "psychotrauma"
},
{
"word": "rape trauma syndrome"
},
{
"word": "rheotrauma"
},
{
"word": "shock trauma"
},
{
"word": "suspension trauma"
},
{
"word": "trauma bond"
},
{
"word": "trauma bonding"
},
{
"word": "trauma centre"
},
{
"word": "traumacore"
},
{
"word": "trauma dump"
},
{
"word": "trauma dumping"
},
{
"word": "trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy"
},
{
"word": "trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy"
},
{
"word": "trauma focused cognitive behavioural therapy"
},
{
"word": "traumagenic"
},
{
"word": "trauma incidence reduction"
},
{
"word": "trauma-informed"
},
{
"word": "trauma-informed stabilization treatment"
},
{
"word": "traumaless"
},
{
"word": "trauma naked"
},
{
"word": "trauma plate"
},
{
"word": "traumascape"
},
{
"word": "trauma scissors"
},
{
"word": "traumascum"
},
{
"word": "trauma shears"
},
{
"word": "traumatic"
},
{
"word": "traumatise"
},
{
"word": "traumatize"
},
{
"word": "traumatism"
},
{
"word": "traumatology"
},
{
"word": "trauma triad of death"
}
],
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[
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"τιτρώσκω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mn̥"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-mə"
],
[
"-μᾰ",
"-μα#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
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],
[
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]
],
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},
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},
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},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek τιτρώσκω (titrṓskō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Hellenic *-mə\nAncient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)\nAncient Greek τραῦμα (traûma)der.\nEnglish trauma\nFrom Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "traumas",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "traumata",
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]
}
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],
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]
}
],
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},
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],
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],
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]
],
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],
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],
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],
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],
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],
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
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},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
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},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
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},
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"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "dere"
}
],
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],
"wikidata": [
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]
},
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],
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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79
]
],
"text": "We're not talking about paper cuts or sprains here — we're talking about trauma.",
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},
{
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15
],
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]
],
"ref": "2020 January 26, Leah Asmelash, “Why traumatic brain injuries can be dangerous”, in CNN:",
"text": "Repeated trauma or shaking to the brain can be even worse, leading to chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any injury to the body of a living thing.",
"Serious injury, resulting from predation, violence, an accident such as a fall, a vehicle crash, etc."
],
"links": [
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"body"
],
[
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"living thing"
],
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"accident",
"accident"
],
[
"fall",
"fall#Noun"
],
[
"crash",
"crash#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any injury to the body of a living thing.",
"(usually specifically) Serious injury, resulting from predation, violence, an accident such as a fall, a vehicle crash, etc."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q193078",
"en:Q1064904"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "insult"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "injury"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "wound"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "scath"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "scathe"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "lesion"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:injury",
"word": "dere"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q1064904",
"Q193078"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
62,
68
]
],
"text": "What these patients eventually realized was that they all had trauma that had fed into their addictions.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
133,
139
]
],
"ref": "2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Jailing her on Wednesday, magistrate Liz Clyne told Robins: \"You have shown little remorse either for the death of the kitten or the trauma to your former friend Sarah Knutton.\" She was also banned from keeping animals for 10 years.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
189,
196
]
],
"ref": "2025 April 28, Madeline Holcombe, “It might be time to ‘reparent’ yourself. Here’s how to get started”, in CNN:",
"text": "And although it doesn’t mean acting like an infant again, it does require recognizing that many of the thoughts and behaviors you’d like to change come from lingering feelings of childhood traumas or your inner child, said Dr. Avigail Lev, a licensed clinical psychologist at the Bay Area CBT Center in San Francisco.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An emotional wound leading to psychological injury."
],
"links": [
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"psychological",
"psychological"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q654426"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q654426"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
54
]
],
"text": "The earthquake here 14 years ago was a national trauma that still affects the economy today.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An event that causes great distress."
],
"links": [
[
"event",
"event"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɔː.mə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹaʊ.mə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-trauma.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trauma.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trauma.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɔm.ə/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹaʊ.mə/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
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"note": "Connecticut",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɑ.mə/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Eastern",
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"New-Jersey"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹɒmə/",
"note": "Boston, Maine, mostly western and central Canada"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːmə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊmə"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ʔiṣāba",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "إِصَابَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "vnasvackʻ",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "վնասվածք"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "zədə"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "travma"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tráwma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́ўма"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"lang_code": "bn",
"roman": "aghat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "আঘাত"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "fùshāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "負傷 /负伤"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "sǔnshāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "損傷 /损伤"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "wàishāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "外傷 /外伤"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "chuāngshāng",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "創傷 /创伤"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úraz"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "traume"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "men"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "traŭmato"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "vamma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ruumiinvamma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "medical profession jargon",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"translation": "medical profession jargon",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatisme"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatismo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "ṭravma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ტრავმა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Trauma"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τραύμα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "trá'uma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טְרָאוּמָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "āghāt",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आघात"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "sérülés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "seb"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "sebesülés"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"alt": "がいしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "gaishō",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "外傷"
},
{
"alt": "そんしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sonshō",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "損傷"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "jaraqat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "жарақат"
},
{
"alt": "外傷",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "oesang",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "외상"
},
{
"alt": "損傷",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "sonsang",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "손상"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "birîn"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "jarakat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "жаракат"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "trauma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "траума"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ngaukino"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "pāmamaetanga"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "gemtel",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "гэмтэл"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"raw_tags": [
"Mongolian script"
],
"roman": "gemtül",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "zarbat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ضربت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "zarbe",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ضربه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "âsib",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "آسیب"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "jerâhat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "جراحت"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uraz"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatismo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "traumatism"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра̀ума"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "tràuma"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úraz"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zranenie"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "travma"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poškodba"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatismo"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"roman": "oseb",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "осеб"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"roman": "jarohat",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "ҷароҳат"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "cäräxät",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "җәрәхәт"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "การบาดเจ็บ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "travma"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "sakatlık"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "jarahet",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "جاراھەت"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "travma"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "yara"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "jarohat"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "serious injury to the body",
"word": "chấn thương"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ṣadmatun ʕāṭifiyya",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "صَدْمَةٌ عَاطِفِيَّة"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tráwma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́ўма"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Central Bikol",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "raya"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "jam¹ jing²",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "陰影 /阴影"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "zing¹ san⁴ cong³ soeng¹",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "精神創傷 /精神创伤"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jīngshén chuāngshāng",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "精神創傷 /精神创伤"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xīnlǐ yīnyǐng",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "心理陰影 /心理阴影"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "traume"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "men"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "traŭmato"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "traumatisme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "ṭravma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "ტრავმა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Trauma"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "trá'uma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טְרָאוּמָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "megrázkódtatás"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "torauma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "トラウマ"
},
{
"alt": "しんてきがいしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shinteki gaishō",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "心的外傷"
},
{
"alt": "こころのきず",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "kokoro no kizu",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "心の傷"
},
{
"alt": "精神的外傷",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "jeongsinjeok oesang",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "정신적 외상"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trawma"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "whētuki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "ngaukino"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uraz psychiczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "traumă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра̀ума"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "tràuma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "sarsıntı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"word": "travma"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "rána",
"sense": "emotional wound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ра́на"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "event",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "tòngkǔ de jīnglì",
"sense": "event",
"word": "痛苦的經歷 /痛苦的经历"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "cuòzhé",
"sense": "event",
"word": "挫折"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "event",
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traumatisme"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "ṭravma",
"sense": "event",
"word": "ტრავმა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Trauma"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "trá'uma",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טְרָאוּמָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "event",
"word": "megrázó/traumatikus esemény"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trawma"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "event",
"word": "whētuki"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "trávma",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тра́вма"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "event",
"word": "travma"
}
],
"word": "trauma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trauma meaning in English (30.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": w vs. rána",
"path": [
"trauma"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trauma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.