See spurn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spurner"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spurnen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spurnan",
"4": "",
"5": "to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to tread, kick, knock out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spurn",
"3": "",
"4": "to strike, push, kick"
},
"expansion": "Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "anspornen",
"3": "spornen",
"4": "to spur on"
},
"expansion": "German spornen (“to spur on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sporna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sporna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spernō",
"3": "",
"4": "despise, distain, scorn"
},
"expansion": "Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spurnen, spornen, from Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”), from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.\nCognate with Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”), German spornen (“to spur on”), Icelandic sporna, spyrna (“to kick”), Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”). Related to spur and spread.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurns",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spurning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spurned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spurn (third-person singular simple present spurns, present participle spurning, simple past and past participle spurned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "7 3 12 5 29 27 6 11",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 10 7 29 27 6 10",
"kind": "other",
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"_dis": "8 6 8 7 27 28 6 10",
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{
"_dis": "8 6 9 7 27 28 6 10",
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},
{
"_dis": "6 4 7 5 31 31 7 8",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "4 3 9 6 31 31 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 9 4 32 30 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "6 4 6 5 36 30 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "6 5 6 5 32 32 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "5 4 9 5 31 29 7 10",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "7 4 8 4 30 29 9 10",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "6 5 6 5 32 32 6 8",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "6 4 7 5 31 32 7 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "6 5 7 6 32 32 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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"_dis": "5 4 9 5 32 30 6 9",
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{
"_dis": "5 4 9 5 32 30 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:",
"text": "to spurn at your most royal image",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:",
"text": "What safe and nicely I might well delay\n By rule of knighthood, I disdain and spurn.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1693, [John Locke], “§111”, in Some Thoughts Concerning Education, London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Domestics will pay a more ready and cheerful service, when they find themselves not spurned, because fortune has laid them below the level of others, at their master's feet.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 February 25, Christopher de Bellaigue, “The end of farming?”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Although the term “rewilding” – meaning an approach to conservation that allows nature a free rein – has been in currency since 1990, many traditional landowners and gamekeepers continue to spurn both the term and the idea behind it.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reject disdainfully; contemn; scorn."
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-verb-Yg5TXoN7",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"reject",
"reject"
],
[
"disdain",
"disdain"
],
[
"contemn",
"contemn"
],
[
"scorn",
"scorn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To reject disdainfully; contemn; scorn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljam s prezrenie",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "отхвърлям с презрение"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odmítnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odvrhnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zavrhnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "versmaden minachten"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "renier"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "dédaigner"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "verschmähen"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "abweisen"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "verachten"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "frakunnan",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "anaínomai",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "ἀναίνομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "(durván/gorombán/nyersen/megvetően) elutasít/visszautasít",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "spernō"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "tīkape"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "whakahoe"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "parahako"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "desdenhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prezrítelʹno",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "презри́тельно отверга́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "sphurati",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "स्फुरति"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "desdeñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "avvisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "förkasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "försmå"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "burun kıvırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 26 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "tenezzül etmemek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 5 3 31 46 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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{
"_dis": "3 2 4 3 18 27 4 4 19 7 3 7",
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"_dis": "4 3 9 6 31 31 8 8",
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"_dis": "6 4 6 5 36 30 6 7",
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},
{
"_dis": "6 5 6 5 32 32 6 8",
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"parents": [],
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"_dis": "5 4 9 5 31 29 7 10",
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"_dis": "6 4 7 5 31 32 7 8",
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{
"_dis": "6 5 7 6 32 32 5 7",
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},
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"_dis": "5 4 9 5 32 30 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:",
"text": "Me thinks I ſee kings kneeling at his feet,\nAnd he with frowning browes and fiery lookes,\nSpurning their crownes from off their captiue heads.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "I spurn thee like a cur out of my way.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reject something by pushing it away with the foot."
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-verb-Ayd-L7yd",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"foot",
"foot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To reject something by pushing it away with the foot."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otritvam",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "отритвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "treten"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "mit Füßen treten"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "elrúg"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "eltaszít"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "tīkape"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "whakareke"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pinátʹ",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "пина́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 58 2 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "tepmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 28, Tom Rostance, “Arsenal 2 - 1 Olympiakos”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "Marouane Chamakh then spurned a great chance to kill the game off when he ran onto Andrey Arshavin's lofted through ball but shanked his shot horribly across the face of goal.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To waste; fail to make the most of (an opportunity)"
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-verb-l9-9yinV",
"links": [
[
"waste",
"waste"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To waste; fail to make the most of (an opportunity)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 95 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to waste; fail to make the most of",
"word": "dédaigner"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 95 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to waste; fail to make the most of",
"word": "vertun"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 95 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to waste; fail to make the most of",
"word": "vergeben"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 12 5 29 27 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1716], [John] Gay, “Book II. Of Walking the Streets by Day.”, in Trivia: Or, The Art of Walking the Streets of London, London: […] Bernard Lintott, […], →OCLC, page 46:",
"text": "oft' the ſudden Gale\n Ruffles the Tide, and ſhifts the dang'rous Sail,\n […]\n The drunken Chairman in the Kennel ſpurns,\n The Glaſſes ſhatters, and his Charge o'erturns.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kick or toss up the heels."
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-verb-WoqcNgCC",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To kick or toss up the heels."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜːn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spurn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg/En-us-spurn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)n"
}
],
"word": "spurn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spurnen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spurnan",
"4": "",
"5": "to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to tread, kick, knock out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spurn",
"3": "",
"4": "to strike, push, kick"
},
"expansion": "Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "anspornen",
"3": "spornen",
"4": "to spur on"
},
"expansion": "German spornen (“to spur on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sporna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sporna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spernō",
"3": "",
"4": "despise, distain, scorn"
},
"expansion": "Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spurnen, spornen, from Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”), from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.\nCognate with Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”), German spornen (“to spur on”), Icelandic sporna, spyrna (“to kick”), Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”). Related to spur and spread.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spurn (plural spurns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An act of spurning; a scornful rejection."
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-noun-w8xjdVQp",
"links": [
[
"scornful",
"scornful"
],
[
"rejection",
"rejection"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 0 7 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljane",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отхвърляне"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 7 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "opovržení"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 7 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odmítnutí"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verschmähen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verschmähung"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 7 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"word": "tīkapenga"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 7 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prezrítelʹnyj",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "презри́тельный отка́з"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book:",
"text": "What defence can properly be used in such a despicable encounter as this but either the slap or the spurn?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kick; a blow with the foot."
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-noun-RFvfkkoo",
"links": [
[
"kick",
"kick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A kick; a blow with the foot."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ritnik",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ритник"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coup de pied"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tritt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calcio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chute"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pinók",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пино́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "patada"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a kick",
"word": "çifte"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 12 5 29 27 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "The insolence of office and the spurns\n That patient merit of the unworthy takes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Disdainful rejection; contemptuous treatment."
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-noun-K5fJm6yx",
"links": [
[
"contemptuous",
"contemptuous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Disdainful rejection; contemptuous treatment."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A body of coal left to sustain an overhanging mass."
],
"id": "en-spurn-en-noun-XzUdk31j",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) A body of coal left to sustain an overhanging mass."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜːn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spurn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg/En-us-spurn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)n"
}
],
"word": "spurn"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sperH-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spurner"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spurnen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spurnan",
"4": "",
"5": "to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to tread, kick, knock out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spurn",
"3": "",
"4": "to strike, push, kick"
},
"expansion": "Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "anspornen",
"3": "spornen",
"4": "to spur on"
},
"expansion": "German spornen (“to spur on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sporna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sporna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spernō",
"3": "",
"4": "despise, distain, scorn"
},
"expansion": "Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spurnen, spornen, from Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”), from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.\nCognate with Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”), German spornen (“to spur on”), Icelandic sporna, spyrna (“to kick”), Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”). Related to spur and spread.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurns",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spurning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spurned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spurn (third-person singular simple present spurns, present participle spurning, simple past and past participle spurned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:",
"text": "to spurn at your most royal image",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:",
"text": "What safe and nicely I might well delay\n By rule of knighthood, I disdain and spurn.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1693, [John Locke], “§111”, in Some Thoughts Concerning Education, London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Domestics will pay a more ready and cheerful service, when they find themselves not spurned, because fortune has laid them below the level of others, at their master's feet.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 February 25, Christopher de Bellaigue, “The end of farming?”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Although the term “rewilding” – meaning an approach to conservation that allows nature a free rein – has been in currency since 1990, many traditional landowners and gamekeepers continue to spurn both the term and the idea behind it.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reject disdainfully; contemn; scorn."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"reject",
"reject"
],
[
"disdain",
"disdain"
],
[
"contemn",
"contemn"
],
[
"scorn",
"scorn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To reject disdainfully; contemn; scorn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:",
"text": "Me thinks I ſee kings kneeling at his feet,\nAnd he with frowning browes and fiery lookes,\nSpurning their crownes from off their captiue heads.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "I spurn thee like a cur out of my way.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reject something by pushing it away with the foot."
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"foot",
"foot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To reject something by pushing it away with the foot."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 28, Tom Rostance, “Arsenal 2 - 1 Olympiakos”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "Marouane Chamakh then spurned a great chance to kill the game off when he ran onto Andrey Arshavin's lofted through ball but shanked his shot horribly across the face of goal.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To waste; fail to make the most of (an opportunity)"
],
"links": [
[
"waste",
"waste"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To waste; fail to make the most of (an opportunity)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1716], [John] Gay, “Book II. Of Walking the Streets by Day.”, in Trivia: Or, The Art of Walking the Streets of London, London: […] Bernard Lintott, […], →OCLC, page 46:",
"text": "oft' the ſudden Gale\n Ruffles the Tide, and ſhifts the dang'rous Sail,\n […]\n The drunken Chairman in the Kennel ſpurns,\n The Glaſſes ſhatters, and his Charge o'erturns.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kick or toss up the heels."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To kick or toss up the heels."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜːn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spurn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg/En-us-spurn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)n"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljam s prezrenie",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "отхвърлям с презрение"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odmítnout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odvrhnout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zavrhnout"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "versmaden minachten"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "renier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "dédaigner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "verschmähen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "abweisen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "verachten"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "frakunnan",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "anaínomai",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "ἀναίνομαι"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "(durván/gorombán/nyersen/megvetően) elutasít/visszautasít",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "spernō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "tīkape"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "whakahoe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "parahako"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "desdenhar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prezrítelʹno",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "презри́тельно отверга́ть"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "sphurati",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "स्फुरति"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "desdeñar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "avvisa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "förkasta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "försmå"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "burun kıvırmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reject disdainfully",
"word": "tenezzül etmemek"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otritvam",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "отритвам"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "treten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "mit Füßen treten"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "elrúg"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "eltaszít"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "tīkape"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "whakareke"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pinátʹ",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "пина́ть"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to reject by pushing away with the foot",
"word": "tepmek"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to waste; fail to make the most of",
"word": "dédaigner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to waste; fail to make the most of",
"word": "vertun"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to waste; fail to make the most of",
"word": "vergeben"
}
],
"word": "spurn"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sperH-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spurnen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spurnan",
"4": "",
"5": "to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spurnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to tread, kick, knock out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spurn",
"3": "",
"4": "to strike, push, kick"
},
"expansion": "Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "anspornen",
"3": "spornen",
"4": "to spur on"
},
"expansion": "German spornen (“to spur on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sporna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sporna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spernō",
"3": "",
"4": "despise, distain, scorn"
},
"expansion": "Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spurnen, spornen, from Old English spurnan (“to strike against, kick, spurn, reject; stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *spurnaną (“to tread, kick, knock out”), from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.\nCognate with Scots spurn (“to strike, push, kick”), German spornen (“to spur on”), Icelandic sporna, spyrna (“to kick”), Latin spernō (“despise, distain, scorn”). Related to spur and spread.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spurn (plural spurns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An act of spurning; a scornful rejection."
],
"links": [
[
"scornful",
"scornful"
],
[
"rejection",
"rejection"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book:",
"text": "What defence can properly be used in such a despicable encounter as this but either the slap or the spurn?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kick; a blow with the foot."
],
"links": [
[
"kick",
"kick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A kick; a blow with the foot."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "The insolence of office and the spurns\n That patient merit of the unworthy takes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Disdainful rejection; contemptuous treatment."
],
"links": [
[
"contemptuous",
"contemptuous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Disdainful rejection; contemptuous treatment."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"A body of coal left to sustain an overhanging mass."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) A body of coal left to sustain an overhanging mass."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɜːn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɝn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spurn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg/En-us-spurn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/En-us-spurn.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)n"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljane",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отхвърляне"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "opovržení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odmítnutí"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verschmähen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verschmähung"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"word": "tīkapenga"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prezrítelʹnyj",
"sense": "an act of spurning; a scornful rejection",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "презри́тельный отка́з"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ritnik",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ритник"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coup de pied"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tritt"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calcio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chute"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pinók",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пино́к"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a kick",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "patada"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a kick",
"word": "çifte"
}
],
"word": "spurn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spurn meaning in English (19.1kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"spurn"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "spurn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": otvergátʹ vs. prezrítelʹno",
"path": [
"spurn"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "spurn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": otkáz vs. prezrítelʹnyj",
"path": [
"spurn"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "spurn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.