See shoal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English schold, scholde, from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *skalidaz, past participle of *skaljaną (“to go dry, dry up, become shallow”), from *skalaz (“parched, shallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”). Cognate with Low German Scholl (“shallow water”), German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”). Compare shallow.",
"forms": [
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"text": "shoal water",
"type": "example"
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"ref": "1819, Lord Byron, Don Juan, III.19:",
"text": "But that part of the coast being shoal and bare, / And rough with reefs which ran out many a mile, / His port lay on the other side o' the isle.",
"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island:",
"text": "All told, we had scarce two miles to run; but the navigation was delicate, the entrance to this northern anchorage was not only narrow and shoal, but lay east and west, so that the schooner must be nicely handled to be got in.",
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"(now rare) Shallow."
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"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
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"synonyms": [
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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"word": "sheld"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shole"
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"word": "shawl"
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"word": "schald"
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"tags": [
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"word": "shawd"
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"word": "shoal"
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"derived": [
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"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Shoal Harbour"
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English schold, scholde, from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *skalidaz, past participle of *skaljaną (“to go dry, dry up, become shallow”), from *skalaz (“parched, shallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”). Cognate with Low German Scholl (“shallow water”), German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”). Compare shallow.",
"forms": [
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"ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "'Twas early June, the new grass was flourishing everywheres, the posies in the yard—peonies and such—in full bloom, the sun was shining, and the water of the bay was blue, with light green streaks where the shoal showed.",
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"ref": "1697, Virgil, “Aeneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The god himself with ready trident stands, / And opes the deep, and spreads the moving sands, / Then heaves them off the shoals.",
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],
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"synonyms": [
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"word": "bank"
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{
"word": "bar"
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{
"_dis1": "83 17",
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"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "bg",
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"word": "банка"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "淺灘"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎntān",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "浅滩"
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{
"_dis1": "83 17",
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"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
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"word": "mělčina"
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{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "revle"
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"sense": "sandbank",
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"word": "zandbank"
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{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "sablejo"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "sablobenko"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "särkkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "banc de sable"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barra"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
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"word": "banco de area"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restinga"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taro"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sirte"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brica"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sandbank"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "richá",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "ρηχά"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ýfalos",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ύφαλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "zátony"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "turzás"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ig",
"lang": "Igbo",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "ubòm"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scairbh"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "secca"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banco di sabbia"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"alt": "あさせ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "asase",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "浅瀬"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"alt": "砂洲",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "saju",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "사주"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "moraetop",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "모래톱"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plitak",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плитак"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "tāhuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "mi",
"english": "exposed at low tide",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "tārake"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "matatāhuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandbanke"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sanâr",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "سنار"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "banco de areia"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "melkovódʹje",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мелково́дье"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ótmelʹ",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "о́тмель"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bánka",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ба́нка"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "melʹ",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мель"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пличина"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pličina"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bajío"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bajo"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "banco de arena"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sandbank"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "batuharang"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 4 21 7 14 4 19 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 4 15 5 32 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 5 16 8 29 8",
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 6 15 7 29 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 5 15 8 31 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 5 16 8 29 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 4 16 6 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 17 6 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 17 6 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the sides some shoals for the fish to sun themselves in and to lay their spawn.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory, / And sounded all the depths and shoals of honour.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shallow in a body of water."
],
"id": "en-shoal-en-noun-Y4GqIyjW",
"links": [
[
"shallow",
"shallow#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shoal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "sheld"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shoald"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "shold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shaul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shawl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shauld"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schald"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shaud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "shawd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "53 47",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "plitčina",
"sense": "a shallow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плитчина"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 47",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a shallow",
"word": "matalikko"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 47",
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a shallow",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "Gelungg"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 47",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ténagos",
"sense": "a shallow",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τέναγος"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 47",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a shallow",
"word": "pāti"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeald",
"4": "",
"5": "shallow"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeald (“shallow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skalidaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalidaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to dry out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Scholl",
"3": "",
"4": "shallow water"
},
"expansion": "Low German Scholl (“shallow water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schal",
"3": "",
"4": "stale, flat, vapid"
},
"expansion": "German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English schold, scholde, from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *skalidaz, past participle of *skaljaną (“to go dry, dry up, become shallow”), from *skalaz (“parched, shallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”). Cognate with Low German Scholl (“shallow water”), German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”). Compare shallow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoals",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "shoal (third-person singular simple present shoals, present participle shoaling, simple past and past participle shoaled)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To arrive at a shallow (or less deep) area."
],
"id": "en-shoal-en-verb-1nPMzhvd",
"links": [
[
"shallow",
"shallow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"_dis": "24 4 21 7 14 4 19 5 1",
"kind": "other",
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{
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"_dis": "39 4 15 5 32 6",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 5 16 8 29 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 6 15 7 29 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 5 15 8 31 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 5 16 8 29 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 4 16 6 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 17 6 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 17 6 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1859, Matthew Fontaine Maury, Explanations and Sailing Directions to Accompany the Wind and Current Charts:",
"text": "Noting the rate at which she shoals her water -[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause a shallowing; to come to a more shallow part of."
],
"id": "en-shoal-en-verb-ymm4cBE6",
"links": [
[
"shallowing",
"shallowing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause a shallowing; to come to a more shallow part of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The colour of the water shows where it shoals.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become shallow."
],
"id": "en-shoal-en-verb-T7YqxFO0"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "sheld"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shoald"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "shold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shaul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shawl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shauld"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schald"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shaud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "shawd"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*schole",
"3": "",
"4": "school of fish"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *schole (“school of fish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeolu"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skolu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skulō",
"4": "",
"5": "crowd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelH-",
"t": "to divide, split, separate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "skoal",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian skoal (“shoal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schōle",
"3": "",
"4": "multitude, troop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "school",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal of fishes"
},
"expansion": "Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1570, presumably from Middle English *schole (“school of fish”), from Old English sċeolu, sċolu (“troop or band of people, host, multitude, division of army, school of fish”), from Proto-West Germanic *skolu, from Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”).\nCognate with West Frisian skoal (“shoal”), Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”), Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”). Doublet of school.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shoal (plural shoals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Vicissitude of Things”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:",
"text": "great shoals of people",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any large number of persons or things."
],
"id": "en-shoal-en-noun-VvOIKy-U"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 4 21 7 14 4 19 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "c. 1661, Edmund Waller, On St. James's Park\nBeneath, a shoal of silver fishes glides."
},
{
"ref": "1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:",
"text": "He came directly from the shoal which we had just before entered, and in which we had struck three of his companions, as if fired with revenge for their sufferings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large number of fish (or other sea creatures) of the same species swimming together."
],
"id": "en-shoal-en-noun-nwG1uIKQ",
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A large number of fish (or other sea creatures) of the same species swimming together."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"topics": [
"fish",
"ichthyology",
"zoology",
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "school"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "*schole",
"3": "",
"4": "school of fish"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *schole (“school of fish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeolu"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skolu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skulō",
"4": "",
"5": "crowd"
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelH-",
"t": "to divide, split, separate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "skoal",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian skoal (“shoal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schōle",
"3": "",
"4": "multitude, troop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "school",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal of fishes"
},
"expansion": "Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1570, presumably from Middle English *schole (“school of fish”), from Old English sċeolu, sċolu (“troop or band of people, host, multitude, division of army, school of fish”), from Proto-West Germanic *skolu, from Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”).\nCognate with West Frisian skoal (“shoal”), Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”), Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”). Doublet of school.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoals",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shoal (third-person singular simple present shoals, present participle shoaling, simple past and past participle shoaled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The fish shoaled about the place.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collect in a shoal; to throng."
],
"id": "en-shoal-en-verb-nfucBtk6",
"links": [
[
"collect",
"collect"
],
[
"throng",
"throng"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shoal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kelh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Igbo translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeald",
"4": "",
"5": "shallow"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeald (“shallow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skalidaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalidaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to dry out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Scholl",
"3": "",
"4": "shallow water"
},
"expansion": "Low German Scholl (“shallow water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schal",
"3": "",
"4": "stale, flat, vapid"
},
"expansion": "German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English schold, scholde, from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *skalidaz, past participle of *skaljaną (“to go dry, dry up, become shallow”), from *skalaz (“parched, shallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”). Cognate with Low German Scholl (“shallow water”), German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”). Compare shallow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoaler",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "shoalest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "shoal (comparative shoaler, superlative shoalest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "shoal water",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1819, Lord Byron, Don Juan, III.19:",
"text": "But that part of the coast being shoal and bare, / And rough with reefs which ran out many a mile, / His port lay on the other side o' the isle.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island:",
"text": "All told, we had scarce two miles to run; but the navigation was delicate, the entrance to this northern anchorage was not only narrow and shoal, but lay east and west, so that the schooner must be nicely handled to be got in.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Shallow."
],
"links": [
[
"Shallow",
"shallow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) Shallow."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shoal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "sheld"
},
{
"word": "shole"
},
{
"word": "shoald"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "shold"
},
{
"word": "shaul"
},
{
"word": "shawl"
},
{
"word": "shauld"
},
{
"word": "schald"
},
{
"word": "shaud"
},
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "shawd"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kelh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Igbo translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"en:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Shoal Harbour"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeald",
"4": "",
"5": "shallow"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeald (“shallow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skalidaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalidaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to dry out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Scholl",
"3": "",
"4": "shallow water"
},
"expansion": "Low German Scholl (“shallow water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schal",
"3": "",
"4": "stale, flat, vapid"
},
"expansion": "German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English schold, scholde, from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *skalidaz, past participle of *skaljaną (“to go dry, dry up, become shallow”), from *skalaz (“parched, shallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”). Cognate with Low German Scholl (“shallow water”), German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”). Compare shallow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shoal (plural shoals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "'Twas early June, the new grass was flourishing everywheres, the posies in the yard—peonies and such—in full bloom, the sun was shining, and the water of the bay was blue, with light green streaks where the shoal showed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “Aeneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The god himself with ready trident stands, / And opes the deep, and spreads the moving sands, / Then heaves them off the shoals.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sandbank or sandbar creating a shallow."
],
"links": [
[
"sandbank",
"sandbank"
],
[
"sandbar",
"sandbar"
],
[
"shallow",
"shallow#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bank"
},
{
"word": "bar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the sides some shoals for the fish to sun themselves in and to lay their spawn.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory, / And sounded all the depths and shoals of honour.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shallow in a body of water."
],
"links": [
[
"shallow",
"shallow#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shoal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "sandbar"
},
{
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "sandbank"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "sheld"
},
{
"word": "shole"
},
{
"word": "shoald"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "shold"
},
{
"word": "shaul"
},
{
"word": "shawl"
},
{
"word": "shauld"
},
{
"word": "schald"
},
{
"word": "shaud"
},
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "shawd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "banka",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "банка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "淺灘"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiǎntān",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "浅滩"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mělčina"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "revle"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "zandbank"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "sablejo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "sablobenko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "särkkä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "banc de sable"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banco de area"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restinga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sirte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brica"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sandbank"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "richá",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "ρηχά"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ýfalos",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ύφαλος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "zátony"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "turzás"
},
{
"code": "ig",
"lang": "Igbo",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "ubòm"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scairbh"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oitir"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "secca"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banco di sabbia"
},
{
"alt": "あさせ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "asase",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "浅瀬"
},
{
"alt": "砂洲",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "saju",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "사주"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "moraetop",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "모래톱"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plitak",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плитак"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "tāhuna"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "exposed at low tide",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "tārake"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "matatāhuna"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandbanke"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sanâr",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "سنار"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "banco de areia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "melkovódʹje",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мелково́дье"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ótmelʹ",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "о́тмель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bánka",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ба́нка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "melʹ",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мель"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oitir"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пличина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pličina"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bajío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bajo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "banco de arena"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sandbank",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sandbank"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sandbank",
"word": "batuharang"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "plitčina",
"sense": "a shallow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плитчина"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a shallow",
"word": "matalikko"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a shallow",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "Gelungg"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ténagos",
"sense": "a shallow",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τέναγος"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a shallow",
"word": "pāti"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kelh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Igbo translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeald",
"4": "",
"5": "shallow"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeald (“shallow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skalidaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalidaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to dry out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Scholl",
"3": "",
"4": "shallow water"
},
"expansion": "Low German Scholl (“shallow water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schal",
"3": "",
"4": "stale, flat, vapid"
},
"expansion": "German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English schold, scholde, from Old English sċeald (“shallow”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *skalidaz, past participle of *skaljaną (“to go dry, dry up, become shallow”), from *skalaz (“parched, shallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to dry out”). Cognate with Low German Scholl (“shallow water”), German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”). Compare shallow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoals",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shoal (third-person singular simple present shoals, present participle shoaling, simple past and past participle shoaled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To arrive at a shallow (or less deep) area."
],
"links": [
[
"shallow",
"shallow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1859, Matthew Fontaine Maury, Explanations and Sailing Directions to Accompany the Wind and Current Charts:",
"text": "Noting the rate at which she shoals her water -[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause a shallowing; to come to a more shallow part of."
],
"links": [
[
"shallowing",
"shallowing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause a shallowing; to come to a more shallow part of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The colour of the water shows where it shoals.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become shallow."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shoal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "sheld"
},
{
"word": "shole"
},
{
"word": "shoald"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "shold"
},
{
"word": "shaul"
},
{
"word": "shawl"
},
{
"word": "shauld"
},
{
"word": "schald"
},
{
"word": "shaud"
},
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "shawd"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*schole",
"3": "",
"4": "school of fish"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *schole (“school of fish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeolu"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skolu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skulō",
"4": "",
"5": "crowd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelH-",
"t": "to divide, split, separate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "skoal",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian skoal (“shoal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schōle",
"3": "",
"4": "multitude, troop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "school",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal of fishes"
},
"expansion": "Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1570, presumably from Middle English *schole (“school of fish”), from Old English sċeolu, sċolu (“troop or band of people, host, multitude, division of army, school of fish”), from Proto-West Germanic *skolu, from Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”).\nCognate with West Frisian skoal (“shoal”), Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”), Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”). Doublet of school.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shoal (plural shoals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Vicissitude of Things”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:",
"text": "great shoals of people",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any large number of persons or things."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "c. 1661, Edmund Waller, On St. James's Park\nBeneath, a shoal of silver fishes glides."
},
{
"ref": "1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:",
"text": "He came directly from the shoal which we had just before entered, and in which we had struck three of his companions, as if fired with revenge for their sufferings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large number of fish (or other sea creatures) of the same species swimming together."
],
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) A large number of fish (or other sea creatures) of the same species swimming together."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shoal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"fish",
"ichthyology",
"zoology",
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "school"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*schole",
"3": "",
"4": "school of fish"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *schole (“school of fish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċeolu"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċeolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skolu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skolu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skulō",
"4": "",
"5": "crowd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelH-",
"t": "to divide, split, separate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "skoal",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian skoal (“shoal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schōle",
"3": "",
"4": "multitude, troop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "school",
"3": "",
"4": "shoal of fishes"
},
"expansion": "Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1570, presumably from Middle English *schole (“school of fish”), from Old English sċeolu, sċolu (“troop or band of people, host, multitude, division of army, school of fish”), from Proto-West Germanic *skolu, from Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”).\nCognate with West Frisian skoal (“shoal”), Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”), Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”). Doublet of school.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shoals",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shoaled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shoal (third-person singular simple present shoals, present participle shoaling, simple past and past participle shoaled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The fish shoaled about the place.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collect in a shoal; to throng."
],
"links": [
[
"collect",
"collect"
],
[
"throng",
"throng"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃəʊl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shoal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg/En-us-shoal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-us-shoal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
}
],
"word": "shoal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for shoal meaning in English (28.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.