"servile" meaning in English

See servile in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈsɜː(ɹ)ˌvaɪl/ [UK], /ˈsəɹ.vəl/ [US], /ˈsəɹˌvaɪl/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-servile.wav [Southern-England] Forms: more servile [comparative], most servile [superlative]
Etymology: From Middle English servyle, from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis, from servus (“slave”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*ser- (guard)}}, {{inh|en|enm|servyle}} Middle English servyle, {{der|en|fro|servil}} Old French servil, {{m|fro|servile}} servile, {{der|en|la|servīlis}} Latin servīlis, {{m|la|servus||slave}} servus (“slave”) Head templates: {{en-adj}} servile (comparative more servile, superlative most servile)
  1. Of or pertaining to a slave. Translations (of or pertaining to a slave): робски (robski) (Bulgarian), orja- (Finnish), servile (French), servil [feminine, masculine] (Galician), sklavisch (German), 奴隷の (dorei no) (Japanese), servyle (Middle English), servil (Portuguese), servil [masculine, neuter] (Romanian), slugarnic (Romanian), ра́бский (rábskij) (Russian), servil (Spanish), slav- (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-servile-en-adj-fG~b07DI Disambiguation of 'of or pertaining to a slave': 99 1 0 0
  2. Slavish or submissive. Categories (topical): Slavery Synonyms: abject Translations (slavish or submissive): сервилен (servilen) (Bulgarian), раболепен (rabolepen) (Bulgarian), 低三下四 (dīsānxiàsì) (Chinese Mandarin), alamainen (Finnish), orjallinen (Finnish), orjamainen (Finnish), servil [feminine, masculine] (Galician), sklavisch (German), unterwürfig (German), servil (German), hündisch (German), δουλικός (doulikós) (Greek), moghach (Irish), uiríseal (Irish), servile (Italian), adulatore [masculine] (Italian), leccapiedi (Italian), 卑屈な (hikutsu na) (Japanese), humilis (Latin), obnoxius (Latin), vernīlis (Latin), serviable (Middle English), servisable (Middle English), ցած (cʻac) (Old Armenian), dommbleed (Plautdietsch), lokajski (Polish), niewolniczy (Polish), uniżony (Polish), servil (Portuguese), подобостра́стный (podobostrástnyj) (Russian), раболе́пный (rabolépnyj) (Russian), холо́пский (xolópskij) (Russian), servil (Spanish), servil (Swedish), devot (Swedish), fjäskig (Swedish), underdånig (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-servile-en-adj-bFN5jXEd Disambiguation of Slavery: 7 40 11 22 6 15 Disambiguation of 'slavish or submissive': 0 97 1 1
  3. (grammar) Not belonging to the original root. Categories (topical): Grammar
    Sense id: en-servile-en-adj-WEBkAUUa Topics: grammar, human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  4. (grammar) Not sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceding vowel, like the e in tune. Categories (topical): Grammar
    Sense id: en-servile-en-adj-NsvilKvE Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 1 5 29 41 21 2 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 1 6 21 48 23 2 Topics: grammar, human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: abject, servile, slavish, submissive, subservient Hypernyms: obedient Derived forms: servility Related terms: serve, servant, slave, BDSM, sadomasochism, sycophant

Noun

IPA: /ˈsɜː(ɹ)ˌvaɪl/ [UK], /ˈsəɹ.vəl/ [US], /ˈsəɹˌvaɪl/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-servile.wav [Southern-England] Forms: serviles [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English servyle, from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis, from servus (“slave”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*ser- (guard)}}, {{inh|en|enm|servyle}} Middle English servyle, {{der|en|fro|servil}} Old French servil, {{m|fro|servile}} servile, {{der|en|la|servīlis}} Latin servīlis, {{m|la|servus||slave}} servus (“slave”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} servile (plural serviles)
  1. (grammar) An element which forms no part of the original root. Categories (topical): Grammar
    Sense id: en-servile-en-noun-IcwzJXyO Topics: grammar, human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  2. A slave; a menial.
    Sense id: en-servile-en-noun-8fXKOMkU

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for servile meaning in English (14.1kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "arrogant"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "bossy"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "servility"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ser- (guard)"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "servyle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English servyle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "servil"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French servil",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "servile"
      },
      "expansion": "servile",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "servīlis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin servīlis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "servus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "servus (“slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English servyle, from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis, from servus (“slave”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more servile",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most servile",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "servile (comparative more servile, superlative most servile)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "obedient"
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "ingratiating"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "parasitical"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sycophantic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "crawling"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "cringing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "crouching"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "fawning"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "groveling"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "prostrate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sneaking"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sniveling"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "cajoling"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "coaxing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "wheedling"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "serve"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "servant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "slave"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "BDSM"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sadomasochism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sycophant"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to a slave."
      ],
      "id": "en-servile-en-adj-fG~b07DI",
      "links": [
        [
          "slave",
          "slave#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "robski",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "робски"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "orja-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "servile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "sklavisch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "dorei no",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "奴隷の"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "servyle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "slugarnic"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rábskij",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "ра́бский"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1 0 0",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
          "word": "slav-"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "arrogant"
        },
        {
          "word": "authoritarian"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 40 11 22 6 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Slavery",
          "orig": "en:Slavery",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "Work",
            "All topics",
            "Human activity",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "servile flattery    servile obedience",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Slavish or submissive."
      ],
      "id": "en-servile-en-adj-bFN5jXEd",
      "links": [
        [
          "Slavish",
          "slavish"
        ],
        [
          "submissive",
          "submissive#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "abject"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "xcl",
          "lang": "Old Armenian",
          "roman": "cʻac",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "ցած"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "servilen",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "сервилен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "rabolepen",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "раболепен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "dīsānxiàsì",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "低三下四"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "alamainen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "orjallinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "orjamainen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "sklavisch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "unterwürfig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "hündisch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "doulikós",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "δουλικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "moghach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "uiríseal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "servile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "adulatore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "leccapiedi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hikutsu na",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "卑屈な"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "humilis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "obnoxius"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "vernīlis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "serviable"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "servisable"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "dommbleed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "lokajski"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "niewolniczy"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "uniżony"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "podobostrástnyj",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "подобостра́стный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rabolépnyj",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "раболе́пный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "xolópskij",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "холо́пский"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "servil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "devot"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "fjäskig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 97 1 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "slavish or submissive",
          "word": "underdånig"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Grammar",
          "orig": "en:Grammar",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "a servile letter",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not belonging to the original root."
      ],
      "id": "en-servile-en-adj-WEBkAUUa",
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar) Not belonging to the original root."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Grammar",
          "orig": "en:Grammar",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 5 29 41 21 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 6 21 48 23 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceding vowel, like the e in tune."
      ],
      "id": "en-servile-en-adj-NsvilKvE",
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "sounded",
          "sounded"
        ],
        [
          "lengthen",
          "lengthen"
        ],
        [
          "vowel",
          "vowel"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar) Not sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceding vowel, like the e in tune."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɜː(ɹ)ˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹ.vəl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-servile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "abject"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "servile"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "slavish"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "submissive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "subservient"
    }
  ],
  "word": "servile"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "radical"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ser- (guard)"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "servyle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English servyle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "servil"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French servil",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "servile"
      },
      "expansion": "servile",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "servīlis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin servīlis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "servus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "servus (“slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English servyle, from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis, from servus (“slave”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "serviles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "servile (plural serviles)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Grammar",
          "orig": "en:Grammar",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An element which forms no part of the original root."
      ],
      "id": "en-servile-en-noun-IcwzJXyO",
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element"
        ],
        [
          "root",
          "root"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar) An element which forms no part of the original root."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A slave; a menial."
      ],
      "id": "en-servile-en-noun-8fXKOMkU",
      "links": [
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ],
        [
          "menial",
          "menial"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɜː(ɹ)ˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹ.vəl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-servile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "servile"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "arrogant"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "bossy"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (guard)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "en:Slavery"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "servility"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ser- (guard)"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "servyle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English servyle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "servil"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French servil",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "servile"
      },
      "expansion": "servile",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "servīlis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin servīlis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "servus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "servus (“slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English servyle, from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis, from servus (“slave”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more servile",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most servile",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "servile (comparative more servile, superlative most servile)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "obedient"
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "ingratiating"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "parasitical"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sycophantic"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "crawling"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "cringing"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "crouching"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "fawning"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "groveling"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "prostrate"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sneaking"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sniveling"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "cajoling"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "coaxing"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "wheedling"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "serve"
    },
    {
      "word": "servant"
    },
    {
      "word": "slave"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "BDSM"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sadomasochism"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "sycophant"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to a slave."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "slave",
          "slave#Noun"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "arrogant"
        },
        {
          "word": "authoritarian"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "servile flattery    servile obedience",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Slavish or submissive."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Slavish",
          "slavish"
        ],
        [
          "submissive",
          "submissive#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "abject"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Grammar"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "a servile letter",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not belonging to the original root."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar) Not belonging to the original root."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Grammar"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceding vowel, like the e in tune."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "sounded",
          "sounded"
        ],
        [
          "lengthen",
          "lengthen"
        ],
        [
          "vowel",
          "vowel"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar) Not sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceding vowel, like the e in tune."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɜː(ɹ)ˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹ.vəl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-servile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "abject"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "servile"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "slavish"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "submissive"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:servile",
      "word": "subservient"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "robski",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "робски"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "orja-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "servile"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "sklavisch"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "dorei no",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "奴隷の"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "servyle"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "slugarnic"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rábskij",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "ра́бский"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to a slave",
      "word": "slav-"
    },
    {
      "code": "xcl",
      "lang": "Old Armenian",
      "roman": "cʻac",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "ցած"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "servilen",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "сервилен"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "rabolepen",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "раболепен"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "dīsānxiàsì",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "低三下四"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "alamainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "orjallinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "orjamainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "sklavisch"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "unterwürfig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "hündisch"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "doulikós",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "δουλικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "moghach"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "uiríseal"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "servile"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "adulatore"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "leccapiedi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hikutsu na",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "卑屈な"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "humilis"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "obnoxius"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "vernīlis"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "serviable"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "servisable"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "dommbleed"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "lokajski"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "niewolniczy"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "uniżony"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "podobostrástnyj",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "подобостра́стный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rabolépnyj",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "раболе́пный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "xolópskij",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "холо́пский"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "servil"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "devot"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "fjäskig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "slavish or submissive",
      "word": "underdånig"
    }
  ],
  "word": "servile"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "radical"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (guard)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "en:Slavery"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ser- (guard)"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "servyle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English servyle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "servil"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French servil",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "servile"
      },
      "expansion": "servile",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "servīlis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin servīlis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "servus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "servus (“slave”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English servyle, from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis, from servus (“slave”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "serviles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "servile (plural serviles)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Grammar"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An element which forms no part of the original root."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element"
        ],
        [
          "root",
          "root"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar) An element which forms no part of the original root."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A slave; a menial."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ],
        [
          "menial",
          "menial"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsɜː(ɹ)ˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹ.vəl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsəɹˌvaɪl/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-servile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-servile.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "servile"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.