See rugby in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "chesterfield rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mini rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "quad rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby ball"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby boot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugbyesque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby fives"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby football"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby footballer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugbyist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby league"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugbylike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby pass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby player"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby sevens"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby shirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby tackle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby union"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tag rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "touch rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "underwater rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wheelchair rugby"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afrikaans: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afrikaans: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "rugbi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: rugbi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: rugbi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cebuano: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cebuano: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rugby",
"3": "ragby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: rugby, ragby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: rugby, ragby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: rugby",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: rugby (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "रग्बी",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: रग्बी (ragbī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: रग्बी (ragbī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "rugbaí",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: rugbaí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: rugbaí"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ラグビー",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "ragubī"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ラグビー (ragubī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ラグビー (ragubī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "럭비",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 럭비 (reokbi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 럭비 (reokbi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "rugby",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: rugby, râguebi, rúgbi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: rugby, râguebi, rúgbi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "регби",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: регби (regbi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: регби (regbi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "rȁgbi",
"3": "ра̏гби",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: rȁgbi, ра̏гби",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: rȁgbi, ра̏гби"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "รักบี้",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: รักบี้ (rák-bîi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: รักบี้ (rák-bîi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "rygbi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: rygbi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: rygbi"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "Rocheberie"
},
"expansion": "Old English Rocheberie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Corvus frugilegus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Corvus frugilegus",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rook",
"3": "by",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "suffix indicating a village or town",
"t1": "Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family"
},
"expansion": "rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"t": "to crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rugbies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "rugby (countable and uncountable, plural rugbies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug‧by"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "American rules rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "evolved into American football",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Harvard rules football"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "evolved into Canadian football",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Canadian rules rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby league"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "league"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby union"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "RU"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "union"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby sevens"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby 7s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby tens"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby 10s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ten-a-side rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "10-a-side rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ten-a-side"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "10-a-side"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby fifteens"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rugby 15s"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 38 34 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 37 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 39 34 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 43 36 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 46 38 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 40 36 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 36 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 36 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 38 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 39 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 39 34 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 39 34 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 46 38 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 43 36 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 44 37 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 39 34 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 40 34 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Samoan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 40 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 45 38 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sotho translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 44 39 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 45 38 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 37 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 37 33 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tongan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 45 38 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 39 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 16 23 21 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rugby",
"orig": "en:Rugby",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The scrum is a distinctive element of rugby.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The two rugbies split following a debate about amateurism.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar."
],
"id": "en-rugby-en-noun-HDw2XGNg",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"football",
"football"
],
[
"player",
"player"
],
[
"hold",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"kick",
"kick#Verb"
],
[
"ovoid",
"ovoid#Adjective"
],
[
"ball",
"ball#Noun"
],
[
"rugby football",
"rugby football"
],
[
"handled",
"handle#Verb"
],
[
"forwards",
"forwards#Adverb"
],
[
"points",
"point#Noun"
],
[
"scored",
"score#Verb"
],
[
"touching",
"touch#Verb"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Noun"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"past",
"past#Preposition"
],
[
"opponent",
"opponent#Noun"
],
[
"territory",
"territory"
],
[
"kicking",
"kick#Verb"
],
[
"goalpost",
"goalpost"
],
[
"crossbar",
"crossbar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually uncountable, sports)",
"A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rugger"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raḡbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَغْبِي"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rajbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَجْبِي"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rakbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَكْبِي"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙegbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ռեգբի"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "reqbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "errugbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "réhbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "рэ́гбі"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎ́gbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ръ́гби"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "橄欖球"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎnlǎnqiú",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "橄榄球"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ragby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rugbeo"
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{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
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{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ragbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "რაგბი"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rágkmpi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ράγκμπι"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "רוגבי"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ragbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "रग्बी"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rögbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbaí"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ragubī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ラグビー"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "闘球 (とうきゅう, tōkyū, literally “fighting ball”)",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "reokbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "럭비"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regbijs"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regbis"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ragbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "рагби"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruggyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rakapi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rakapī"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "whutupaoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "whutupōro"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "râgbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "راگبی"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "râguebi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rúgbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "régbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ре́гби"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "lakapi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра̏гби"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rȁgbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ragby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rakebi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "raga"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "rakpi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ரக்பி"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rák-bîi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "รักบี้"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "aka pulu"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "réhbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ре́гбі"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ragbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "رگبی"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "bóng bầu dục"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 8 8",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rygbi"
}
]
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[
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[
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"topics": [
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{
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{
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"ref": "2003, B. Lawson Thornton, Misery Loves Company: The Diary of Kerri Mitchell, East River Press, →ISBN:",
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{
"ref": "2007, Adam Mansbach, Angry Black White Boy: […], Crown, →ISBN, page 69:",
"text": "Jansports and cargo pants were everywhere, set off with overstated polos, rugbies, and sweatshirts blaring the logos of hip hop designers.",
"type": "quote"
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{
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"type": "quote"
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],
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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"alt-of",
"countable",
"ellipsis"
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}
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"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/En-us-rugby.ogg/En-us-rugby.ogg.mp3",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Rugby"
}
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{
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"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
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{
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "rook",
"3": "by",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "suffix indicating a village or town",
"t1": "Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family"
},
"expansion": "rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)",
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).",
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"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "rugbying",
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{
"form": "rugbied",
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},
{
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}
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To play rugby."
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"id": "en-rugby-en-verb-vS0GYDuw",
"links": [
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[
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To play rugby."
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"related": [
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"word": "American football"
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{
"word": "association football"
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{
"word": "Canadian football"
},
{
"word": "football"
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{
"word": "rugby football"
}
],
"tags": [
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{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to play rugby",
"word": "rugbyen"
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]
}
],
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"Received-Pronunciation"
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"audio": "En-us-rugby.ogg",
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{
"word": "rugby boy"
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],
"id": "en-rugby-en-noun-oQdCgy8b",
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[
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[
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{
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"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ker-",
"English terms derived from toponyms",
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"English verbs",
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"Pages with 11 entries",
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"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samoan translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Sotho translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tongan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Rugby"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chesterfield rugby"
},
{
"word": "mini rugby"
},
{
"word": "quad rugby"
},
{
"word": "rugby ball"
},
{
"word": "rugby boot"
},
{
"word": "rugbyesque"
},
{
"word": "rugby fives"
},
{
"word": "rugby football"
},
{
"word": "rugby footballer"
},
{
"word": "rugby head"
},
{
"word": "rugbyist"
},
{
"word": "rugby league"
},
{
"word": "rugbylike"
},
{
"word": "rugby pass"
},
{
"word": "rugby player"
},
{
"word": "rugby sevens"
},
{
"word": "rugby shirt"
},
{
"word": "rugby tackle"
},
{
"word": "rugby union"
},
{
"word": "rugger"
},
{
"word": "tag rugby"
},
{
"word": "touch rugby"
},
{
"word": "underwater rugby"
},
{
"word": "wheelchair rugby"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afrikaans: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afrikaans: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "rugbi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: rugbi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: rugbi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cebuano: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cebuano: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rugby",
"3": "ragby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: rugby, ragby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: rugby, ragby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: rugby",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: rugby (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "रग्बी",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: रग्बी (ragbī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: रग्बी (ragbī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "rugbaí",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: rugbaí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: rugbaí"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ラグビー",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "ragubī"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ラグビー (ragubī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ラグビー (ragubī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "럭비",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 럭비 (reokbi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 럭비 (reokbi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "rugby",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: rugby, râguebi, rúgbi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: rugby, râguebi, rúgbi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "регби",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: регби (regbi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: регби (regbi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "rȁgbi",
"3": "ра̏гби",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: rȁgbi, ра̏гби",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: rȁgbi, ра̏гби"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "rugby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: rugby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: rugby"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "รักบี้",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: รักบี้ (rák-bîi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: รักบี้ (rák-bîi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "rygbi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: rygbi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: rygbi"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "Rocheberie"
},
"expansion": "Old English Rocheberie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Corvus frugilegus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Corvus frugilegus",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rook",
"3": "by",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "suffix indicating a village or town",
"t1": "Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family"
},
"expansion": "rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"t": "to crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rugbies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "rugby (countable and uncountable, plural rugbies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug‧by"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "American rules rugby"
},
{
"english": "evolved into American football",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Harvard rules football"
},
{
"english": "evolved into Canadian football",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Canadian rules rugby"
},
{
"word": "rugby league"
},
{
"word": "league"
},
{
"word": "rugby union"
},
{
"word": "RU"
},
{
"word": "union"
},
{
"word": "rugby sevens"
},
{
"word": "rugby 7s"
},
{
"word": "rugby tens"
},
{
"word": "rugby 10s"
},
{
"word": "ten-a-side rugby"
},
{
"word": "10-a-side rugby"
},
{
"word": "ten-a-side"
},
{
"word": "10-a-side"
},
{
"word": "rugby fifteens"
},
{
"word": "rugby 15s"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The scrum is a distinctive element of rugby.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The two rugbies split following a debate about amateurism.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"football",
"football"
],
[
"player",
"player"
],
[
"hold",
"hold#Verb"
],
[
"kick",
"kick#Verb"
],
[
"ovoid",
"ovoid#Adjective"
],
[
"ball",
"ball#Noun"
],
[
"rugby football",
"rugby football"
],
[
"handled",
"handle#Verb"
],
[
"forwards",
"forwards#Adverb"
],
[
"points",
"point#Noun"
],
[
"scored",
"score#Verb"
],
[
"touching",
"touch#Verb"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Noun"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"past",
"past#Preposition"
],
[
"opponent",
"opponent#Noun"
],
[
"territory",
"territory"
],
[
"kicking",
"kick#Verb"
],
[
"goalpost",
"goalpost"
],
[
"crossbar",
"crossbar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually uncountable, sports)",
"A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rugger"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Sports"
],
"glosses": [
"The form of the game known as rugby union (see the usage note)."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"game",
"game#Noun"
],
[
"rugby union",
"rugby union"
],
[
"usage note",
"rugby#Usage notes"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually uncountable, sports)",
"(specifically) The form of the game known as rugby union (see the usage note)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a shirt of the kind worn by rugby players, usually short-sleeved and with a buttoned opening at the neck like a polo shirt, but with a stiffer collar",
"word": "rugby shirt"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English ellipses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, B. Lawson Thornton, Misery Loves Company: The Diary of Kerri Mitchell, East River Press, →ISBN:",
"text": "I don't know why, but for some reason people who work undercover for department store security always wear rugbies and khakis.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Adam Mansbach, Angry Black White Boy: […], Crown, →ISBN, page 69:",
"text": "Jansports and cargo pants were everywhere, set off with overstated polos, rugbies, and sweatshirts blaring the logos of hip hop designers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Tony Jackson, From the Streets to the Sheets, Page Publishing, →ISBN:",
"text": "I bought three jogging suits, a pair of Polo sneakers, and two rugbies.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of rugby shirt (“a shirt of the kind worn by rugby players, usually short-sleeved and with a buttoned opening at the neck like a polo shirt, but with a stiffer collar”)."
],
"links": [
[
"rugby shirt",
"rugby shirt#English"
],
[
"shirt",
"shirt#Noun"
],
[
"kind",
"kind#Noun"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"rugby player",
"rugby player"
],
[
"short-sleeved",
"short-sleeved"
],
[
"buttoned",
"buttoned#Adjective"
],
[
"opening",
"opening#Noun"
],
[
"neck",
"neck#Noun"
],
[
"polo shirt",
"polo shirt"
],
[
"stiffer",
"stiff#Adjective"
],
[
"collar",
"collar#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Ellipsis of rugby shirt (“a shirt of the kind worn by rugby players, usually short-sleeved and with a buttoned opening at the neck like a polo shirt, but with a stiffer collar”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"countable",
"ellipsis"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌɡbi/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rugby.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/En-us-rugby.ogg/En-us-rugby.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/En-us-rugby.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "Rugby"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raḡbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَغْبِي"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rajbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَجْبِي"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rakbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَكْبِي"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙegbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ռեգբի"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "reqbi"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "errugbi"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "réhbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "рэ́гбі"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎ́gbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ръ́гби"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "橄欖球"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎnlǎnqiú",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "橄榄球"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ragby"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rugbeo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ragbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "რაგბი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rugby"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rágkmpi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ράγκμπι"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "רוגבי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ragbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "रग्बी"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rögbi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbaí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ragubī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ラグビー"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "闘球 (とうきゅう, tōkyū, literally “fighting ball”)",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "reokbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "럭비"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regbijs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regbis"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ragbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "рагби"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruggyr"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rakapi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rakapī"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "whutupaoro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "whutupōro"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "râgbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "راگبی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "râguebi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rúgbi"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "régbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ре́гби"
},
{
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "lakapi"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра̏гби"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rȁgbi"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ragby"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "rakebi"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugby"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugbi"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "raga"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "rakpi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ரக்பி"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rák-bîi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "รักบี้"
},
{
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "aka pulu"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "ragbi"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "réhbi",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ре́гбі"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ragbī",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "رگبی"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"word": "bóng bầu dục"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rygbi"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rugby School",
"Rugby World Cup",
"University College London"
],
"word": "rugby"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English genericized trademarks",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ker-",
"English terms derived from toponyms",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samoan translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Sotho translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tongan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Rugby"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "Rocheberie"
},
"expansion": "Old English Rocheberie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Corvus frugilegus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Corvus frugilegus",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rook",
"3": "by",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "suffix indicating a village or town",
"t1": "Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family"
},
"expansion": "rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"t": "to crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rugbies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rugbying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rugbied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rugbied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rugby (third-person singular simple present rugbies, present participle rugbying, simple past and past participle rugbied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug‧by"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "American football"
},
{
"word": "association football"
},
{
"word": "Canadian football"
},
{
"word": "football"
},
{
"word": "rugby football"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To play rugby."
],
"links": [
[
"play",
"play#Verb"
],
[
"rugby",
"rugby#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To play rugby."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌɡbi/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rugby.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/En-us-rugby.ogg/En-us-rugby.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/En-us-rugby.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to play rugby",
"word": "rugbyen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rugby School",
"University College London"
],
"word": "rugby"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English genericized trademarks",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from toponyms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Rugby"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rugby boy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Genericized trademark"
},
"expansion": "Genericized trademark",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Genericized trademark from Rugby, a brand of rubber cement by Bostik.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rugbys",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "rugby (plural rugbys)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug‧by"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Philippine English"
],
"glosses": [
"Rubber cement, contact cement; commonly associated with solvent abuse, as it is often used as an inhalant."
],
"links": [
[
"Rubber cement",
"rubber cement"
],
[
"contact",
"contact#Adjective"
],
[
"cement",
"cement#Noun"
],
[
"solvent abuse",
"solvent abuse"
],
[
"inhalant",
"inhalant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Philippines) Rubber cement, contact cement; commonly associated with solvent abuse, as it is often used as an inhalant."
],
"tags": [
"Philippines"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌɡbi/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rugby.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/En-us-rugby.ogg/En-us-rugby.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/En-us-rugby.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Bostik",
"University College London"
],
"word": "rugby"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rugby meaning in English (30.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.