"repression" meaning in English

See repression in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-repression.wav Forms: repressions [plural]
Etymology: From repress + -ion. Etymology templates: {{af|en|repress|-ion}} repress + -ion Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} repression (countable and uncountable, plural repressions)
  1. The act of repressing; state of being repressed. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (act of repressing): قَمْع (qamʕ) [masculine] (Arabic), كَبْت (kabt) [masculine] (Arabic), ռեպրեսիա (ṙepresia) (Armenian), repressiya (Azerbaijani), cəza (Azerbaijani), рэпрэ́сія (représija) [feminine] (Belarusian), уці́ск (ucísk) [masculine] (Belarusian), падаўле́нне (padaŭljénnje) [neuter] (Belarusian), দমন (domon) (Bengali), репре́сия (représija) [feminine] (Bulgarian), спода́вяне (spodávjane) [neuter] (Bulgarian), repressió [feminine] (Catalan), 鎮壓 (Chinese Mandarin), 镇压 (zhènyā) (Chinese Mandarin), 壓抑 (Chinese Mandarin), 压抑 (yāyì) (Chinese Mandarin), 彈壓 (Chinese Mandarin), 弹压 (tányā) (Chinese Mandarin), represe [feminine] (Czech), útisk [masculine] (Czech), repressie [feminine] (Dutch), onderdrukking [feminine] (Dutch), repressioon (Estonian), tukahdutus (Finnish), tukahduttaminen (Finnish), pidättäminen (Finnish), alustus (Finnish), sorto (Finnish), répression [feminine] (French), represión (Galician), რეპრესია (reṗresia) (Georgian), შევიწროება (ševic̣roeba) (Georgian), Repression [feminine] (German), Unterdrückung [feminine] (German), καταστολή (katastolí) [feminine] (Greek), הַדחָקָה (hadkhaká) [feminine] (Hebrew), दमन (daman) [masculine] (Hindi), दबाव (dabāv) [masculine] (Hindi), elfojtás (Hungarian), elnyomás (Hungarian), represi (Indonesian), repressione [feminine] (Italian), 鎮圧 (chin'atsu) (alt: ちんあつ) (Japanese), 抑圧 (yokuatsu) (alt: よくあつ) (Japanese), 弾圧 (dan'atsu) (alt: だんあつ) (Japanese), репрессия (repressiä) (Kazakh), жаза (jaza) (Kazakh), сүргін (sürgın) (Kazakh), 진압 (jinap) (alt: 鎭壓) (Korean), 억압 (eogap) (alt: 抑壓) (Korean), 탄압 (tanap) (alt: 彈壓) (Korean), репрессия (repressiya) (Kyrgyz), жазалоо (jazaloo) (Kyrgyz), represija [feminine] (Latvian), represija [feminine] (Lithuanian), репресија (represija) [feminine] (Macedonian), سرکوب (sarkub) (Persian), represja [feminine] (Polish), repressão [feminine] (Portuguese), represiune [feminine] (Romanian), репре́ссия (représsija) [feminine] (Russian), подавле́ние (podavlénije) [neuter] (Russian), mùchadh [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), ceannsachadh [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), репрѐсија [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), reprèsija [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), represia [feminine] (Slovak), represija [feminine] (Slovene), represión [feminine] (Spanish), förtryck [neuter] (Swedish), repression [common-gender] (Swedish), ҷазо (jazo) (Tajik), baskı (Turkish), repressiýa (Turkmen), репре́сія (représija) [feminine] (Ukrainian), приду́шення (prydúšennja) [neuter] (Ukrainian), باستۇرۇش (basturush) (Uyghur), repressiya (Uzbek), jazo (Uzbek), đàn áp (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-repression-en-noun-lzKE0cda Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ion, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bengali translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Kyrgyz translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Turkmen translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Uyghur translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 65 35 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ion: 73 27 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 85 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 40 23 31 6 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 42 17 37 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 68 32 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 74 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Bengali translations: 70 30 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 68 32 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 64 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 74 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 73 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 73 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 66 34 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 68 32 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 75 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 75 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Kyrgyz translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 65 35 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 70 30 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 77 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 70 30 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Tajik translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkmen translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 73 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Uyghur translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 71 29 Disambiguation of 'act of repressing': 99 1
  2. (psychology) The involuntary rejection from consciousness of painful or disagreeable ideas, memories, feelings, or impulses. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Psychology Translations (psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness): поти́скане (potískane) [neuter] (Bulgarian), repressió [feminine] (Catalan), torjunta (Finnish), repressio (Finnish), შეკავება (šeḳaveba) (Georgian), Verdrängung [feminine] (German), elfojtás (Hungarian), represja [feminine] (Polish), подавле́ние (podavlénije) [neuter] (Russian), represión [feminine] (Spanish), förträngning [common-gender] (Swedish), repression [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-repression-en-noun-ikfsrhNo Categories (other): Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 42 17 37 4 Topics: human-sciences, psychology, sciences Disambiguation of 'psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness': 2 98
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: antirepression, autorepression, corepression, derepression, financial repression, repressionary, repressionism, transrepression Related terms: repress, suppression

Inflected forms

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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "antirepression"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "autorepression"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "corepression"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "derepression"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "financial repression"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "repressionary"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "repressionism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "transrepression"
    }
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      "name": "af"
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      "tags": [
        "plural"
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  "pos": "noun",
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "repress"
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
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      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "History shows that when governments fear the truth and increase repression, their days are limited.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The act of repressing; state of being repressed."
      ],
      "id": "en-repression-en-noun-lzKE0cda",
      "links": [
        [
          "repress",
          "repress"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "qamʕ",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "قَمْع"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "kabt",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "كَبْت"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "ṙepresia",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "ռեպրեսիա"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "repressiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "cəza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "représija",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "рэпрэ́сія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "ucísk",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "уці́ск"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "padaŭljénnje",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "падаўле́нне"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "domon",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "দমন"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "représija",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "репре́сия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "spodávjane",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "спода́вяне"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "repressió"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "鎮壓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhènyā",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "镇压"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "壓抑"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yāyì",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "压抑"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "彈壓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "tányā",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "弹压"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "útisk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "repressie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "onderdrukking"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "repressioon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "tukahdutus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "tukahduttaminen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "pidättäminen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "alustus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "sorto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "répression"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "represión"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "reṗresia",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "რეპრესია"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ševic̣roeba",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "შევიწროება"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Repression"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Unterdrückung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "katastolí",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "καταστολή"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "hadkhaká",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "הַדחָקָה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "daman",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "दमन"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "dabāv",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "दबाव"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "elfojtás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "elnyomás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "represi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "repressione"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "alt": "ちんあつ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "chin'atsu",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "鎮圧"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "alt": "よくあつ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "yokuatsu",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "抑圧"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "alt": "だんあつ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "dan'atsu",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "弾圧"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "repressiä",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "репрессия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "jaza",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "жаза"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "sürgın",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "сүргін"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "alt": "鎭壓",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "jinap",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "진압"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "alt": "抑壓",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "eogap",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "억압"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "alt": "彈壓",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "tanap",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "탄압"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "repressiya",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "репрессия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "jazaloo",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "жазалоо"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "represija",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "репресија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "sarkub",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "سرکوب"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "repressão"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represiune"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "représsija",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "репре́ссия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "podavlénije",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "подавле́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "mùchadh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ceannsachadh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "репрѐсија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "reprèsija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represión"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "förtryck"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "repression"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "jazo",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "ҷазо"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "baskı"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "repressiýa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "représija",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "репре́сія"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "prydúšennja",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "приду́шення"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "basturush",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "باستۇرۇش"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "repressiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "jazo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "act of repressing",
          "word": "đàn áp"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Psychology",
          "orig": "en:Psychology",
          "parents": [
            "Social sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 17 37 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The involuntary rejection from consciousness of painful or disagreeable ideas, memories, feelings, or impulses."
      ],
      "id": "en-repression-en-noun-ikfsrhNo",
      "links": [
        [
          "psychology",
          "psychology"
        ],
        [
          "rejection",
          "rejection"
        ],
        [
          "consciousness",
          "consciousness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(psychology) The involuntary rejection from consciousness of painful or disagreeable ideas, memories, feelings, or impulses."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "psychology",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "potískane",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "поти́скане"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "repressió"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "word": "torjunta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "word": "repressio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "šeḳaveba",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "word": "შეკავება"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Verdrängung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "word": "elfojtás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "podavlénije",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "подавле́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "represión"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "förträngning"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "repression"
        }
      ]
    }
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  "sounds": [
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{
  "categories": [
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    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ion",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bengali translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tajik translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Turkmen translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Uyghur translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "antirepression"
    },
    {
      "word": "autorepression"
    },
    {
      "word": "corepression"
    },
    {
      "word": "derepression"
    },
    {
      "word": "financial repression"
    },
    {
      "word": "repressionary"
    },
    {
      "word": "repressionism"
    },
    {
      "word": "transrepression"
    }
  ],
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        "2": "repress",
        "3": "-ion"
      },
      "expansion": "repress + -ion",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From repress + -ion.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "repressions",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "repression (countable and uncountable, plural repressions)",
      "name": "en-noun"
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  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "repress"
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    {
      "word": "suppression"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "History shows that when governments fear the truth and increase repression, their days are limited.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The act of repressing; state of being repressed."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "repress",
          "repress"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
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    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Psychology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The involuntary rejection from consciousness of painful or disagreeable ideas, memories, feelings, or impulses."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "psychology",
          "psychology"
        ],
        [
          "rejection",
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        [
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      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(psychology) The involuntary rejection from consciousness of painful or disagreeable ideas, memories, feelings, or impulses."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "psychology",
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  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "qamʕ",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "قَمْع"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "kabt",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "كَبْت"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "ṙepresia",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "ռեպրեսիա"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "repressiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "cəza"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "représija",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "рэпрэ́сія"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "ucísk",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "уці́ск"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "padaŭljénnje",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "падаўле́нне"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "domon",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "দমন"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "représija",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "репре́сия"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "spodávjane",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "спода́вяне"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "repressió"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "鎮壓"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhènyā",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "镇压"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "壓抑"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yāyì",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "压抑"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "彈壓"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tányā",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "弹压"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represe"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "útisk"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "repressie"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "onderdrukking"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "repressioon"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "tukahdutus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "tukahduttaminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "pidättäminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "alustus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "sorto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "répression"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "represión"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "reṗresia",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "რეპრესია"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ševic̣roeba",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "შევიწროება"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Repression"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Unterdrückung"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "katastolí",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "καταστολή"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "hadkhaká",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "הַדחָקָה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "daman",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "दमन"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "dabāv",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "दबाव"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "elfojtás"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "elnyomás"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "represi"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "repressione"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ちんあつ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "chin'atsu",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "鎮圧"
    },
    {
      "alt": "よくあつ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "yokuatsu",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "抑圧"
    },
    {
      "alt": "だんあつ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "dan'atsu",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "弾圧"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "repressiä",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "репрессия"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "jaza",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "жаза"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "sürgın",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "сүргін"
    },
    {
      "alt": "鎭壓",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "jinap",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "진압"
    },
    {
      "alt": "抑壓",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "eogap",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "억압"
    },
    {
      "alt": "彈壓",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "tanap",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "탄압"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "repressiya",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "репрессия"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "jazaloo",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "жазалоо"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represija"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "represija",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "репресија"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "sarkub",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "سرکوب"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "repressão"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represiune"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "représsija",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "репре́ссия"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "podavlénije",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "подавле́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "mùchadh"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ceannsachadh"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "репрѐсија"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "reprèsija"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represija"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represión"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "förtryck"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "repression"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "jazo",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "ҷазо"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "baskı"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "repressiýa"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "représija",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "репре́сія"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "prydúšennja",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "приду́шення"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "basturush",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "باستۇرۇش"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "repressiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "jazo"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "act of repressing",
      "word": "đàn áp"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "potískane",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "поти́скане"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "repressió"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "word": "torjunta"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "word": "repressio"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "šeḳaveba",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "word": "შეკავება"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Verdrängung"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "word": "elfojtás"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represja"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "podavlénije",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "подавле́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "represión"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "förträngning"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "psychology: involuntary rejection from consciousness",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "repression"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "repression"
  ],
  "word": "repression"
}

Download raw JSONL data for repression meaning in English (14.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.