See referee in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "assistant referee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "match referee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"clipping"
],
"word": "ref"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "referee assistant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "video assistant referee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "video referee"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "referer",
"4": "",
"5": "to relate, to refer"
},
"expansion": "Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "refero",
"4": "referre",
"5": "to carry back, to report, to notify"
},
"expansion": "Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "refer",
"3": "ee"
},
"expansion": "refer + -ee",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referees",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "referee (plural referees)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "referral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "referrer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 13 33 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 18 33 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The referee kicked Jim out of the game for fighting.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game."
],
"id": "en-referee-en-noun-Q3Bs2~aq",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"umpire",
"umpire"
],
[
"judge",
"judge"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
],
[
"game",
"game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥakam",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَكَم"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "mrcʻavar",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "մրցավար"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "epaile"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "suddzjá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "суддзя́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "refjerý",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рэферы́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбі́тр"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "arbítar",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбі́тар"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎdijá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "съдия́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "réfer",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ре́фер"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrbitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cáipàn",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "裁判"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "akem"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rozhodčí"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "dommer"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "scheidsrechter"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "decidisto"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "arbitraciisto"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dómari"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "erotuomari"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schiedsrichter"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schiedsrichterin"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaititís",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "διαιτητής"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "brabeutḗs",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βραβευτής"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "dommeri"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "abit"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shofét",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שופט"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "bíró"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "spori"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moltóir"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réiteoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitro"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"alt": "しんぱん, shinpan, しんばん, shinban",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "審判"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "referī",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "レフェリー"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ʼaacñaa kɑɑkɑndaal",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "អាជ្ញាកណ្ដាល"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"alt": "審判",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "simpan",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "심판"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Arbitter"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "súdija",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дија"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sudijka",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "судијка"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "pengadil"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "wasit"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "rewherī"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "kaiwawao"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dommer"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dommar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spellvemedla"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sędzia"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "juiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitru"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sudʹjá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "судья́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "referí",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рефери́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арби́тр"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ampájr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cricket",
"ball-games",
"games",
"sports",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"baseball"
],
"word": "ампа́йр"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rèitear"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "судија"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дац"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "су̏ткиња"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sudija"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "súdac"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sȕtkinja"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rozhodca"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rozhodkyňa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sudnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sudnica"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réferi"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "domare"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "hakem"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "suddjá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "суддя́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "referí",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рефері́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбі́тр"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "trọng tài"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dyfarnwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 17 15 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dyfarnwraig"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 13 33 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 18 33 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who settles a dispute."
],
"id": "en-referee-en-noun-BDrshh9w",
"links": [
[
"settle",
"settle"
],
[
"dispute",
"dispute"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥakam",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَكَم"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎdijá",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "съдия́"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "arbitǎr",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбитър"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrbitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "välimies"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "sovittelija"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitre"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"general",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlichter"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "in jurisdiction",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schiedsmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ombudsmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "de",
"english": "where formalized using this term",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ombudsfrau"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaititís",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "διαιτητής"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eisigitís",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εισηγητής"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"alt": "仲裁人",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jungjaein",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "중재인"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "súdija",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дија"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "rewherī"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "juiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitru"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "judecător"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sudʹjá",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "судья́"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арби́тр"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "судија"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дац"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "су̏ткиња"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sudija"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "súdac"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sȕtkinja"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skiljedomare"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canolwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 71 17 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyflafareddwr"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 51 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 5 57 13 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 5 61 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ee",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 5 47 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 3 49 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 2 51 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 5 63 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 3 65 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 52 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 5 56 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 4 54 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 57 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 53 9 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 3 65 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 5 56 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 3 66 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 53 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 5 54 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 60 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 5 55 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 3 65 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 48 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 57 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 53 9 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 5 62 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 61 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 61 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 5 57 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 3 64 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 3 66 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 53 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 53 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 3 69 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 59 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 2 64 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 2 80 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 56 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 17 53 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 61 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 54 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 53 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 4 58 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 4 61 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 4 61 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 60 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 53 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 5 57 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 13 33 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 18 33 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Your application, along with letters from three referees, should be received by January 31.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who writes a letter of reference or provides a reference by phone call for someone. US English: reference."
],
"id": "en-referee-en-noun-G6QBMbBJ",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"reference",
"reference"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A person who writes a letter of reference or provides a reference by phone call for someone. US English: reference."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "referent",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "референт"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "證明人"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhèngmíngrén",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "证明人"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "referentie"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "suosittelija"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Empfehlungsgeber"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Befürworter"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Protagonist"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moltóir"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"alt": "身元保證人",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sinwonbojeung'in",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "신원보증인"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preporáčatel",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "препора́чател"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "referent"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poručítelʹ",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "поручи́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poručítelʹnica",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поручи́тельница"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "referens"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 21 59 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canolwr"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 13 33 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 18 33 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An expert who judges the manuscript of an article or book to decide if it should be published."
],
"id": "en-referee-en-noun-M2eJKRGf",
"links": [
[
"expert",
"expert"
],
[
"manuscript",
"manuscript"
],
[
"article",
"article"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "recenzent",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецензент"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"word": "arvioija"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rezensent"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lektor"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kritís",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "κριτής"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "measúnóir"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"alt": "審査員",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "simsawon",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"word": "심사원"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véštak",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ве́штак"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "recenzént",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецензе́нт"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецѐнзент"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "рецѐнзентица"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "recènzent"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "recènzentica"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "revisor"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 15 15 56",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"word": "bilirkişi"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-referee.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg/En-us-referee.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iː"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"referee"
],
"word": "referee"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "referer",
"4": "",
"5": "to relate, to refer"
},
"expansion": "Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "refero",
"4": "referre",
"5": "to carry back, to report, to notify"
},
"expansion": "Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "refer",
"3": "ee"
},
"expansion": "refer + -ee",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referees",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refereeing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "refereed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "refereed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "referee (third-person singular simple present referees, present participle refereeing, simple past and past participle refereed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He has to referee three hockey games this weekend.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She has to finish refereeing an article for Nature.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To act as a referee."
],
"id": "en-referee-en-verb-r1D8nZ5i",
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "referiram",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "реферирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "recenziram",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "рецензирам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "dømme"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitracii"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "tuomita"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "toimia tuomarina"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "tuomaroida"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "sovitella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "suositella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arvioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "schiedsrichtern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "pfeifen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "brabeúō",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "βραβεύω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrare"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "súdi",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "су́ди"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "rewherī"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sędziować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitra"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "döma"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to settle a dispute",
"word": "schlichten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to settle a dispute",
"word": "entscheiden"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to write a letter of reference",
"word": "empfehlen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to write a letter of reference",
"word": "beurteilen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "if deemed supportive",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to write a letter of reference",
"word": "befürworten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to judge a manuscript",
"word": "lektorieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to judge a manuscript",
"word": "beurteilen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-referee.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg/En-us-referee.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iː"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"referee"
],
"word": "referee"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ee",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Slovak translations",
"Rhymes:English/iː",
"Rhymes:English/iː/3 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "assistant referee"
},
{
"word": "match referee"
},
{
"tags": [
"clipping"
],
"word": "ref"
},
{
"word": "referee assistant"
},
{
"word": "video assistant referee"
},
{
"word": "video referee"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "referer",
"4": "",
"5": "to relate, to refer"
},
"expansion": "Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "refero",
"4": "referre",
"5": "to carry back, to report, to notify"
},
"expansion": "Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "refer",
"3": "ee"
},
"expansion": "refer + -ee",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referees",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "referee (plural referees)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "referral"
},
{
"word": "referrer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The referee kicked Jim out of the game for fighting.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"umpire",
"umpire"
],
[
"judge",
"judge"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
],
[
"game",
"game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A person who settles a dispute."
],
"links": [
[
"settle",
"settle"
],
[
"dispute",
"dispute"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Your application, along with letters from three referees, should be received by January 31.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who writes a letter of reference or provides a reference by phone call for someone. US English: reference."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"reference",
"reference"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A person who writes a letter of reference or provides a reference by phone call for someone. US English: reference."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An expert who judges the manuscript of an article or book to decide if it should be published."
],
"links": [
[
"expert",
"expert"
],
[
"manuscript",
"manuscript"
],
[
"article",
"article"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"publish",
"publish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-referee.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg/En-us-referee.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iː"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥakam",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَكَم"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "mrcʻavar",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "մրցավար"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "epaile"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "suddzjá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "суддзя́"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "refjerý",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рэферы́"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбі́тр"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "arbítar",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбі́тар"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎdijá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "съдия́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "réfer",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ре́фер"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrbitre"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cáipàn",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "裁判"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "akem"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rozhodčí"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "dommer"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "scheidsrechter"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "decidisto"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "arbitraciisto"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dómari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "erotuomari"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schiedsrichter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schiedsrichterin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaititís",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "διαιτητής"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "brabeutḗs",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βραβευτής"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "dommeri"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "abit"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shofét",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שופט"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "bíró"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "spori"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moltóir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réiteoir"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitro"
},
{
"alt": "しんぱん, shinpan, しんばん, shinban",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "審判"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "referī",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "レフェリー"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ʼaacñaa kɑɑkɑndaal",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "អាជ្ញាកណ្ដាល"
},
{
"alt": "審判",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "simpan",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "심판"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Arbitter"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "súdija",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дија"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sudijka",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "судијка"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "pengadil"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "wasit"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "rewherī"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "kaiwawao"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dommer"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dommar"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spellvemedla"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sędzia"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "juiz"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sudʹjá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "судья́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "referí",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рефери́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арби́тр"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ampájr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cricket",
"ball-games",
"games",
"sports",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"baseball"
],
"word": "ампа́йр"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rèitear"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "судија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дац"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "су̏ткиња"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sudija"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "súdac"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sȕtkinja"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rozhodca"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rozhodkyňa"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sudnik"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sudnica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réferi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "domare"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "hakem"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "suddjá",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "суддя́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "referí",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рефері́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбі́тр"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"word": "trọng tài"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dyfarnwr"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sport: umpire, judge of a game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dyfarnwraig"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥakam",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَكَم"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎdijá",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "съдия́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "arbitǎr",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арбитър"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrbitre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "välimies"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "sovittelija"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"general",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlichter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "in jurisdiction",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schiedsmann"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ombudsmann"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "where formalized using this term",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ombudsfrau"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaititís",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "διαιτητής"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eisigitís",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εισηγητής"
},
{
"alt": "仲裁人",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jungjaein",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "중재인"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "súdija",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дија"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"word": "rewherī"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "juiz"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arbitru"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "judecător"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sudʹjá",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "судья́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arbítr",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "арби́тр"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "судија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "су́дац"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "су̏ткиња"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sudija"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "súdac"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sȕtkinja"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skiljedomare"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canolwr"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "person who settles a dispute",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyflafareddwr"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "referent",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "референт"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "證明人"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhèngmíngrén",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "证明人"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "referentie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "suosittelija"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Empfehlungsgeber"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Befürworter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Protagonist"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moltóir"
},
{
"alt": "身元保證人",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sinwonbojeung'in",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"word": "신원보증인"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preporáčatel",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "препора́чател"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "referent"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poručítelʹ",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "поручи́тель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poručítelʹnica",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поручи́тельница"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "referens"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "person who writes a letter of reference",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canolwr"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "recenzent",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецензент"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"word": "arvioija"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rezensent"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lektor"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kritís",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "κριτής"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "measúnóir"
},
{
"alt": "審査員",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "simsawon",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"word": "심사원"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "véštak",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ве́штак"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "recenzént",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецензе́нт"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецѐнзент"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "рецѐнзентица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "recènzent"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "recènzentica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "árbitro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "revisor"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expert who judges a manuscript",
"word": "bilirkişi"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"referee"
],
"word": "referee"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ee",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Slovak translations",
"Rhymes:English/iː",
"Rhymes:English/iː/3 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "referer",
"4": "",
"5": "to relate, to refer"
},
"expansion": "Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "refero",
"4": "referre",
"5": "to carry back, to report, to notify"
},
"expansion": "Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "refer",
"3": "ee"
},
"expansion": "refer + -ee",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referees",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refereeing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "refereed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "refereed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "referee (third-person singular simple present referees, present participle refereeing, simple past and past participle refereed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He has to referee three hockey games this weekend.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She has to finish refereeing an article for Nature.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To act as a referee."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-referee.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg/En-us-referee.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-referee.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iː"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "referiram",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "реферирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "recenziram",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "рецензирам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "dømme"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitracii"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "tuomita"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "toimia tuomarina"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "tuomaroida"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "sovitella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "suositella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arvioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "schiedsrichtern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "pfeifen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "brabeúō",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "βραβεύω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrare"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "súdi",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "су́ди"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "rewherī"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sędziować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitra"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "arbitrar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to act as a judge of a game or contest",
"word": "döma"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to settle a dispute",
"word": "schlichten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to settle a dispute",
"word": "entscheiden"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to write a letter of reference",
"word": "empfehlen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to write a letter of reference",
"word": "beurteilen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "if deemed supportive",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to write a letter of reference",
"word": "befürworten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to judge a manuscript",
"word": "lektorieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to judge a manuscript",
"word": "beurteilen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"referee"
],
"word": "referee"
}
Download raw JSONL data for referee meaning in English (31.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.