"pugilist" meaning in English

See pugilist in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈpjuː.d͡ʒəlɪst/ [UK], /ˈpju(ː).d͡ʒəlɪst/ [General-American] Audio: En-us-pugilist.oga Forms: pugilists [plural]
Etymology: From Latin pugil (“boxer”) + -ist, related to pugnus (“fist”), from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Compare contemporary pugilism (“boxing”) (1791). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*pewǵ-}}, {{der|en|la|pugil||boxer}} Latin pugil (“boxer”), {{suffix|en||ist}} + -ist, {{der|en|ine-pro|*pewǵ-|t=prick, punch}} Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} pugilist (plural pugilists)
  1. One who fights with their fists, especially a professional prize fighter; a boxer. Categories (topical): Athletes, Boxing, People Synonyms: pug Derived forms: pugilistic Related terms: pugilism, pugnacious Translations (one who fights with their fists — see also boxer): πύκτης (púktēs) [masculine] (Ancient Greek), مُلَاكِم (mulākim) [masculine] (Arabic), boxeolari (Basque), боксьор (boksjor) [masculine] (Bulgarian), boxador [masculine] (Catalan), boxejador (Catalan), 拳擊手 (Chinese Mandarin), 拳击手 (quánjīshǒu) (Chinese Mandarin), 拳師 (Chinese Mandarin), 拳师 (quánshī) (Chinese Mandarin), 拳手 (quánshǒu) (Chinese Mandarin), boxer [masculine] (Czech), bokser [masculine] (Dutch), vuistvechter [masculine] (Dutch), pugilist [masculine] (Dutch), nevaleikari [masculine] (Faroese), nyrkkeilijä (Finnish), boxeur [masculine] (French), boxeador [masculine] (Galician), boxeadora [feminine] (Galician), Boxer [masculine] (German), Boxerin [feminine] (German), πυγμάχος (pygmáchos) [masculine] (Greek), μποξέρ (boxér) [masculine] (Greek), מִתְאַגְרֵף (mitagref) [masculine] (Hebrew), מתאגרפת (mitagrefet) [feminine] (Hebrew), bokszoló (Hungarian), ökölvívó (Hungarian), boxari [masculine] (Icelandic), hnefaleikari [masculine] (Icelandic), boxero (Ido), boxisto (Ido), dornálaí [masculine] (Irish), bacsálaí [masculine] (Irish), pugile [masculine] (Italian), boxeur [masculine] (Italian), ボクサー (bokusā) (Japanese), 拳闘家 (kentōka) (alt: けんとうか) (Japanese), боксшы (boksşy) (Kazakh), 복서 (bokseo) (Korean), pugil (Latin), peninju (Malay), ahli tinju (Malay), kaimotomoto (Maori), bokser [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), boksar [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), bēatere [masculine] (Old English), بوکسور (boksor) (Persian), bokser [masculine] (Polish), bokserka [feminine] (Polish), pięściarz [masculine] (Polish), pięściarka [feminine] (Polish), boxeador [masculine] (Portuguese), boxeadora [feminine] (Portuguese), pugilista [feminine, masculine] (Portuguese), boxer [masculine] (Romanian), boxeră [feminine] (Romanian), боксёр (boksjór) [masculine] (Russian), boxeador [masculine] (Spanish), boxeadora [feminine] (Spanish), bondia (Swahili), นักมวย (nák-muai) (Thai), boksör (Turkish), боксе́р (boksér) [masculine] (Ukrainian), боксе́рka (boksérka) [feminine] (Ukrainian), paffiwr [masculine] (Welsh), bocsiwr [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-pugilist-en-noun-vg9UFSc2 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ist, Entries with translation boxes, Kazakh terms with redundant script codes, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Faroese translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swahili translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Welsh translations

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pugil",
        "4": "",
        "5": "boxer"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pugil (“boxer”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ist"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ist",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-",
        "t": "prick, punch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin pugil (“boxer”) + -ist, related to pugnus (“fist”), from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Compare contemporary pugilism (“boxing”) (1791).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pugilists",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pugilist (plural pugilists)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ist",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kazakh terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Basque translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ido translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Irish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Malay translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Maori translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Old English translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Thai translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Athletes",
          "orig": "en:Athletes",
          "parents": [
            "Occupations",
            "Sports",
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human activity",
            "Human",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Boxing",
          "orig": "en:Boxing",
          "parents": [
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "pugilistic"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:",
          "text": "I laugh and hoot at ye, ye cricket-players, ye pugilists, ye deaf Burkes and blind Bendigoes!",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2018, Alan Burdick, “Science has Resolved the Question of Boxers vs. Briefs”, in The New Yorker:",
          "text": "In 1925, boxer shorts were unleashed on the world: loose-fitting underwear for men, featuring an elastic waistband inspired by the shorts worn by boxers. It was underwear for the inner pugilist.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who fights with their fists, especially a professional prize fighter; a boxer."
      ],
      "id": "en-pugilist-en-noun-vg9UFSc2",
      "links": [
        [
          "fights",
          "fight#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "fists",
          "fist#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "professional",
          "professional#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "prize fighter",
          "prize fighter"
        ],
        [
          "boxer",
          "boxer"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "pugilism"
        },
        {
          "word": "pugnacious"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pug"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "mulākim",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "مُلَاكِم"
        },
        {
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "boxeolari"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "boksjor",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "боксьор"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxador"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "boxejador"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "拳擊手"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "quánjīshǒu",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "拳击手"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "拳師"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "quánshī",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "拳师"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "quánshǒu",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "拳手"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxer"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bokser"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "vuistvechter"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pugilist"
        },
        {
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "nevaleikari"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "nyrkkeilijä"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeur"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeador"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeadora"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Boxer"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Boxerin"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "pygmáchos",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "πυγμάχος"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "boxér",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "μποξέρ"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "púktēs",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "πύκτης"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "mitagref",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "מִתְאַגְרֵף"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "mitagrefet",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "מתאגרפת"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "bokszoló"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "ökölvívó"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxari"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hnefaleikari"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "boxero"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "boxisto"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "dornálaí"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bacsálaí"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pugile"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeur"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "bokusā",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "ボクサー"
        },
        {
          "alt": "けんとうか",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kentōka",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "拳闘家"
        },
        {
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "boksşy",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "боксшы"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "bokseo",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "복서"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "pugil"
        },
        {
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "peninju"
        },
        {
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "ahli tinju"
        },
        {
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "kaimotomoto"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bokser"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boksar"
        },
        {
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bēatere"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "boksor",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "بوکسور"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bokser"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bokserka"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pięściarz"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "pięściarka"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeador"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeadora"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pugilista"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxer"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeră"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "boksjór",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "боксёр"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeador"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "boxeadora"
        },
        {
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "bondia"
        },
        {
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "nák-muai",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "นักมวย"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "word": "boksör"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "boksér",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "боксе́р"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "boksérka",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "боксе́рka"
        },
        {
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "paffiwr"
        },
        {
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bocsiwr"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuː.d͡ʒəlɪst/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpju(ː).d͡ʒəlɪst/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-pugilist.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/En-us-pugilist.oga/En-us-pugilist.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/En-us-pugilist.oga"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pugilist"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pugilistic"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pugil",
        "4": "",
        "5": "boxer"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pugil (“boxer”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ist"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ist",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-",
        "t": "prick, punch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin pugil (“boxer”) + -ist, related to pugnus (“fist”), from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Compare contemporary pugilism (“boxing”) (1791).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pugilists",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pugilist (plural pugilists)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "pugilism"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnacious"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
        "English terms suffixed with -ist",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Kazakh terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
        "Terms with Arabic translations",
        "Terms with Basque translations",
        "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Faroese translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Galician translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Greek translations",
        "Terms with Hebrew translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Icelandic translations",
        "Terms with Ido translations",
        "Terms with Irish translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Japanese translations",
        "Terms with Kazakh translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Latin translations",
        "Terms with Malay translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Maori translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
        "Terms with Old English translations",
        "Terms with Persian translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Romanian translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swahili translations",
        "Terms with Thai translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations",
        "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
        "Terms with Welsh translations",
        "en:Athletes",
        "en:Boxing",
        "en:People"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:",
          "text": "I laugh and hoot at ye, ye cricket-players, ye pugilists, ye deaf Burkes and blind Bendigoes!",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2018, Alan Burdick, “Science has Resolved the Question of Boxers vs. Briefs”, in The New Yorker:",
          "text": "In 1925, boxer shorts were unleashed on the world: loose-fitting underwear for men, featuring an elastic waistband inspired by the shorts worn by boxers. It was underwear for the inner pugilist.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who fights with their fists, especially a professional prize fighter; a boxer."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fights",
          "fight#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "fists",
          "fist#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "professional",
          "professional#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "prize fighter",
          "prize fighter"
        ],
        [
          "boxer",
          "boxer"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pug"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuː.d͡ʒəlɪst/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpju(ː).d͡ʒəlɪst/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-pugilist.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/En-us-pugilist.oga/En-us-pugilist.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/En-us-pugilist.oga"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "mulākim",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "مُلَاكِم"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "boxeolari"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "boksjor",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "боксьор"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxador"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "boxejador"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "拳擊手"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "quánjīshǒu",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "拳击手"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "拳師"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "quánshī",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "拳师"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "quánshǒu",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "拳手"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxer"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bokser"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vuistvechter"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pugilist"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "nevaleikari"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "nyrkkeilijä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeur"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeador"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeadora"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Boxer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Boxerin"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "pygmáchos",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "πυγμάχος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "boxér",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "μποξέρ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "púktēs",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "πύκτης"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "mitagref",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "מִתְאַגְרֵף"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "mitagrefet",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "מתאגרפת"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "bokszoló"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "ökölvívó"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxari"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hnefaleikari"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "boxero"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "boxisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "dornálaí"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bacsálaí"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pugile"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeur"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "bokusā",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "ボクサー"
    },
    {
      "alt": "けんとうか",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kentōka",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "拳闘家"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "boksşy",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "боксшы"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "bokseo",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "복서"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "pugil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "peninju"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "ahli tinju"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "kaimotomoto"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bokser"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boksar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bēatere"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "boksor",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "بوکسور"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bokser"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bokserka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pięściarz"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pięściarka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeador"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeadora"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pugilista"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxer"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeră"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "boksjór",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "боксёр"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeador"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "boxeadora"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "bondia"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "nák-muai",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "นักมวย"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "word": "boksör"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "boksér",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "боксе́р"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "boksérka",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "боксе́рka"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "paffiwr"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "one who fights with their fists — see also boxer",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bocsiwr"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pugilist"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pugilist meaning in English (13.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.