See pugil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilicē"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pugilism",
"3": "pugilist"
},
"expansion": "English: pugilism, pugilist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pugilism, pugilist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pugile"
},
"expansion": "Italian: pugile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: pugile"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: púgil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pungō",
"3": "-ilis",
"id2": "deverbal",
"t1": "I sting, pierce"
},
"expansion": "pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis. Lacks the present tense n-infix like figulus. Final -is was dropped in the nominative singular as in vigil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugilis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pugil m (genitive pugilis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilārēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillārēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātōrius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātōrius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillāria"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillāriārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillaris"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillor"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Athletes",
"orig": "la:Athletes",
"parents": [
"Occupations",
"Sports",
"People",
"Work",
"Human activity",
"Human",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "la:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a boxer, pugilist"
],
"id": "en-pugil-la-noun-w4S0g589",
"links": [
[
"boxer",
"boxer"
],
[
"pugilist",
"pugilist"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ilis (deverbal)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hardened forehead"
],
"id": "en-pugil-la-noun-fVwCo3N5",
"links": [
[
"hardened",
"hardened"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a hardened forehead"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.ɡil/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʊɡɪɫ̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒil/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːd͡ʒil]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pugil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
"Latin terms suffixed with -ilis (deverbal)",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Athletes",
"la:Sports"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pugilicē"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pugilism",
"3": "pugilist"
},
"expansion": "English: pugilism, pugilist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pugilism, pugilist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pugile"
},
"expansion": "Italian: pugile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: pugile"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: púgil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pungō",
"3": "-ilis",
"id2": "deverbal",
"t1": "I sting, pierce"
},
"expansion": "pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis. Lacks the present tense n-infix like figulus. Final -is was dropped in the nominative singular as in vigil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugilis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pugil m (genitive pugilis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pugilārēs"
},
{
"word": "pugillārēs"
},
{
"word": "pugilātiō"
},
{
"word": "pugillātiō"
},
{
"word": "pugilātor"
},
{
"word": "pugillātor"
},
{
"word": "pugilātōrius"
},
{
"word": "pugillātōrius"
},
{
"word": "pugilātus"
},
{
"word": "pugillātus"
},
{
"word": "pugilis"
},
{
"word": "pugillar"
},
{
"word": "pugillāria"
},
{
"word": "pugillāriārius"
},
{
"word": "pugillaris"
},
{
"word": "pugillus"
},
{
"word": "pugilor"
},
{
"word": "pugillor"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a boxer, pugilist"
],
"links": [
[
"boxer",
"boxer"
],
[
"pugilist",
"pugilist"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a hardened forehead"
],
"links": [
[
"hardened",
"hardened"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a hardened forehead"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.ɡil/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʊɡɪɫ̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒil/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːd͡ʒil]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pugil"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pugil meaning in Latin (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.